IARC MONOGRAPHS ON THE EVALUATION OF CARCINOGENIC ...

Table 3. Studies on reduction of aflatoxin content by ammoniation of commodities
Commodity Investigators Initial AFB 1
content (ppb)
Corn Hughes et al. (1979) 754 total
[603 AFB 1]
Process Process parameters Final AFB 1
content (ppb)
AP/AT 1% NH 3, 18% m, 12–13 days 3.5 > 99
Weng et al. (1994) 7500 HP/HT 2% NH 3, 16% m, 55 psi, 40–45 °C,
60 min
517 93
Weng et al. (1994) 7500 HP/HT 2% NH 3, 16% m, 17 psi, 121°C, 60 min 31 > 99
Cottonseed Jorgensen & Price
(1981)
Peanut meal Gardner et al.
(1971)
800 total AP/AT 2% NH 3, 7.5% m, 21 °C, 15 days < 20 99
Bailey et al. (1994) 5200 AP/AT 1.5 % NH 3 17% m, 42 days < 10 > 99
Reduction
(%)
Bailey et al. (1994) 1200 HP/HT 4% NH 3, 14% m, 40 psi, 100 °C, 30 min ND (≤ 0.1) ~> 99
121 total HP/HT NH 3 concentration not specified, 15% m,
30 psig, 93 °C, 15 min
ND ~> 99
AFB 1, aflatoxin B 1; m, moisture; AP/AT, atmospheric pressure/ambient temperature; HP/HT, high pressure/high temperature; ND, not detected;
psig, pound per inch 2 gauge (indicating the pressure above atmospheric pressure); 1 psi = 6.9 kPa
ANNEX 289