IARC MONOGRAPHS ON THE EVALUATION OF CARCINOGENIC ...

78
1.3.3 Aristolochia fangchi
Components of this plant include mufongchins A, B, C and D, para-coumaric acid,
syringic acid, palmitic acid, aristolochic acids I, II and IIIa, allantoin, magnoflorine,
aristolactam and β-sitosterol (Zheng et al., 1999; Commission of the Ministry of Public
Health, 2000).
1.3.4 Aristolochia clematitis
Components of this plant include aristolochic acids I and II, as well as the alkaloids
magnoflorine and corytuberine.
1.3.5 Aristolochia indica
The essential oil of the aerial parts of A. indica is dominated by sesquiterpenes and
monoterpenes such as β-caryophyllene, α-humulene, ishwarone, caryophyllene oxide I,
ishwarol, ishwarane, aristolochene, linalool and α-terpinolene (Jirovetz et al., 2000).
The roots of A. indica contain aristolindiquinone, aristololide, 2-hydroxy-1methoxy-4H-dibenzo[de,g]quinoline-4,5-(6H)-dione,
cepharadione, aristolactam IIa,
β-sitosterol-β-D-glucoside, aristolactam glucoside I, stigmastenones II and III, methyl
aristolate, ishwarol, ishwarane and aristolochene.
Other components found in A. indica include 12-nonacosenoic acid methyl ester,
aristolic acid, (12S)-7,12-secoishwaran-12-ol, (+)-ledol, ishwarone, methyl aristolate,
para-coumaric acid, 5βH,7β,10α-selina-4(14),11-diene, isoishwarane, aristolochic
acids I, IVa, aristolochic acid IVa methyl ether lactam and aristolactam β-D-glucoside
(Kupchan & Merianos, 1968; Ganguly et al., 1969; Fuhrer et al., 1970; Govindachari
et al., 1970; Govindachari & Parthasarathy, 1971; Teng & DeBardeleben, 1971;
Govindachari et al., 1973; Pakrashi et al., 1977; Pakrashi & Chakrabarty, 1978a,b;
Pakrashi & Pakrasi, 1978; Pakrashi & Shaha, 1978; Cory et al., 1979; Pakrashi & Shaha,
1979a,b; Pakrashi et al., 1980; Achari et al., 1981, 1982, 1983; Che et al., 1983, 1984;
Achari et al., 1985; Ganguly et al., 1986; Mahesh & Bhaumik, 1987).
1.4 Active components
1.4.1 Aristolochia contorta and Aristolochia debilis
Hypotensive activity: magnoflorine, some aristolochic acid derivatives (Xu, 1957).
Analgesic effect: aristolochic acid
1.4.2 Aristolochia manshuriensis
IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82
Cardiotonic action: Calcium, tannin, dopamine (Zhou & Lue, 1958; Bulgakov et al.,
1996).