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IARC MONOGRAPHS ON THE EVALUATION OF CARCINOGENIC ...

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yellow bark and a wood with broad, whitish rays arranged radially and a distinct,<br />

yellowish brown cambium ring. Its odour is aromatic and characteristic and it has a bitter<br />

taste.<br />

1.1.2 Aristolochia manshuriensis<br />

The dried stem of A. manshuriensis (see Figure 3) is called Guan Mu Tong (Caulis<br />

Aristolochiae manshuriensis in Latin and commonly Manchurian Dutchman’s pipe<br />

stem).<br />

Figure 3. Aristolochia manshuriensis<br />

From Qian (1996)<br />

1, fruit twig; 2, flower; 3, transverse section<br />

SOME TRADITI<strong>ON</strong>AL HERBAL MEDICINES 73<br />

The stem is twined and woody, grey and striated, from 6 to 14 m long. Its branches<br />

are dark purple, with whitish villi. Leaves are either petioled, entire or ovate-cordate and<br />

are 15–29 cm long and 13–28 cm wide with a whitish down on each side. Petioles are<br />

6–8 cm long. Flowers are axillary, single and peduncled; the apex is disc-shaped, with a

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