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IARC MONOGRAPHS ON THE EVALUATION OF CARCINOGENIC ...

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Table 5. Biological monitoring of occupational exposure to styrene in the glass fibre-reinforced plastics industry<br />

Country and year<br />

of survey<br />

No. of<br />

plants<br />

Job/task No. of<br />

samples<br />

Concentrations at end of shift Reference<br />

Mandelic acid in urine<br />

(mg/g creatinine)<br />

Canada (Quebec) 3 Chopper gun operation 7 [980] [980]<br />

NR Painting (gel coat) 9 [750] [310]<br />

Laminating (rolling) 18 [1690] [605]<br />

Foreman 8 [350] [470]<br />

Cutting 11 [320] [380]<br />

Warehouse worker 19 [70] [70]<br />

Finishing 31 [110] [120]<br />

Mould repair 8 [30] [50]<br />

Germany<br />

NR<br />

4 Laminating boats, pipes,<br />

or containers<br />

Phenylglyoxylic<br />

acid in urine<br />

(mg/g creatinine)<br />

Styrene in blood<br />

(mg/L)<br />

Mean SD Mean SD Mean SD<br />

36 210 (10–3640) a<br />

190 (10–870) a<br />

0.39 (0.04–4.82) a<br />

Italy 4 Refrigerating containers 6 493 434 121 96 0.32 0.42<br />

NR Flooring tiles 6 428 248 72 22 0.42 0.16<br />

Fibre-glass canoes 5 270 54 62 24 0.52 0.32<br />

Fibre-glass tanks 3 323 129 132 41 NR<br />

Italy 118 Hand lamination 2386 450 GM 2.75 GSD<br />

1978–90 Spray lamination 250 211 GM 3.3 GSD<br />

Rolling 63 182 GM 3.08 GSD<br />

Semi-automatic process<br />

operation<br />

121 154 GM 259 GSD<br />

Non-process work 762 94 GM 3.27 GSD<br />

Switzerland<br />

NR<br />

10 NR 88 1004 1207 339 360<br />

United Kingdom<br />

1979<br />

1 Boat industry 27 [780] 555 [0.72] [0.43]<br />

SD, standard deviation; NR, not reported; GM, geometric mean; GSD, geometric standard deviation<br />

a Median (range) in mg/L<br />

Truchon<br />

et al. (1992)<br />

Triebig et al.<br />

(1989)<br />

Bartolucci<br />

et al. (1986)<br />

Galassi et al.<br />

(1993)<br />

Guillemin<br />

et al. (1982)<br />

Cherry et al.<br />

(1980)<br />

STYRENE 451

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