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IARC MONOGRAPHS ON THE EVALUATION OF CARCINOGENIC ...

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Table 1 (contd)<br />

Sample matrix Sample preparation Assay<br />

procedure<br />

Solid waste<br />

matrices b<br />

Air sampling media,<br />

water samples, solid<br />

waste matrices, soil<br />

samples<br />

Soils, sludges, solid<br />

wastes<br />

Wastewater, soil,<br />

sediment, solid<br />

waste<br />

Purge (inert gas); trap (Tenax or<br />

Chromosorb W); desorb into<br />

capillary GC column<br />

Purge (inert gas); trap (suitable<br />

sorbent); thermal desorption or<br />

headspace sampling or direct<br />

injection<br />

Liquid–liquid extraction or<br />

Soxhlet extraction or ultrasonic<br />

extraction or waste dilution or<br />

direct injection<br />

Thermal extraction; concentrate;<br />

thermal desorption<br />

Liquid–liquid extraction (water);<br />

Soxhlet or ultrasonic extraction<br />

(soil/sediment/waste)<br />

Limit of detection Reference<br />

GC/PID 0.06 μg/L Environmental Protection Agency<br />

(1996c) [Method 8021B]<br />

GC/MS 0. 04–0.1 μg/L Environmental Protection Agency<br />

(1996d) [Method 8260B]<br />

GC/MS 10 μg/L (aqueous);<br />

660 μg/kg (soil/<br />

sediment) (EQL) c<br />

Environmental Protection Agency<br />

(1996e) [Method 8270C]<br />

GC/MS 0.01–0.5 mg/kg Environmental Protection Agency<br />

(1996f) [Method 8275A]<br />

GC/FT-IR 20 μg/L Environmental Protection Agency<br />

(1996g) [Method 8410]<br />

a Abbreviations: GC, gas chromatography; FID, flame ionization detection; FT-IR, Fourier transform infrared detection; MS, mass<br />

spectrometry; PID, photoionization detection; HPLC, high-performance liquid chromatography; UV, ultraviolet detection; FD, fluorescence<br />

detection<br />

b Includes: groundwater, aqueous sludges, caustic and acid liquors, waste solvents, oily wastes, mousses, tars, fibrous wastes, polymeric<br />

emulsions, filter cakes, spent carbons, spent catalysts, soils, and sediments<br />

c EQL, estimated quantitation limit<br />

370<br />

<strong>IARC</strong> <strong>M<strong>ON</strong>OGRAPHS</strong> VOLUME 82

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