IARC MONOGRAPHS ON THE EVALUATION OF CARCINOGENIC ...

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FUMONISIN B 1 Riley, R.T., Showker, J.L., Owens, D.L. & Ross, P.F. (1997) Disruption of sphingolipid metabolism and induction of equine leukoencephalomalacia by Fusarium proliferatum culture material containing fumonisin B 2 or B 3. Environ. Toxicol. Pharmacol., 3, 221–228 Riley, R.T., Enongene, E., Voss, K.A., Norred, W.P., Meredith, F.I., Sharma, R.P., Spitsbergen, J., Williams, D.E., Carlson, D.B. & Merrill, A.H., Jr (2001) Sphingolipid perturbations as mechanisms for fumonisin carcinogenesis. Environ. Health Perspect., 109 (Suppl. 2), 301–308 Ross, P.F., Nelson, P.E., Richard, J.L., Osweiler, G.D., Rice, L.G., Plattner, R.D. & Wilson, T.M. (1990) Production of fumonisins by Fusarium moniliforme and Fusarium proliferatum isolates associated with equine leukoencephalomalacia and a pulmonary edema syndrome in swine. Appl. environ. Microbiol., 56, 3225–3226 Ross, P.F., Rice, L.G., Plattner, R.D., Osweiler, G.D., Wilson, T.M., Owens, D.L., Nelson, H.A. & Richard, J.L. (1991a) Concentrations of fumonisin B 1 in feeds associated with animal health problems. Mycopathologia, 114, 129–135 Ross, P.F., Rice, L.G., Reagor, J.C., Osweiler, G.D., Wilson, T.M., Nelson, H.A., Owens, D.L., Plattner, R.D., Harlin, K.A., Richard, J.L., Colvin, B.M. & Banton, M.I. (1991b) Fumonisin B 1 concentrations in feeds from 45 confirmed equine leukoencephalomalacia cases. J. vet. diagn. Invest., 3, 238–241 Ross, P.F., Ledet, A.E., Owens, D.L., Rice, L.G., Nelson, H.A., Osweiler, G.D. & Wilson, T.M. (1993) Experimental equine leukoencephalomalacia, toxic hepatosis, and encephalopathy caused by corn naturally contaminated with fumonisins. J. vet. Diagn. Invest., 5, 69–74 Ross, P.F., Nelson, P.E., Owens, D.L., Rice, L.G., Nelson, H.A., & Wilson, T.M. (1994) Fumonisin B 2 in cultured Fusarium proliferatum, M-6104, causes equine leukoencephalomalacia. J. vet. Diagn. Invest., 6, 263–265 Rotter, B.A., Thompson, B.K., Prelusky, D.B., Trenholm, H.L,, Stewart, B., Miller, J.D. & Savard, M.E. (1996) Response of growing swine to dietary exposure to pure fumonisin B 1 during an eight-week period: Growth and clinical parameters. Natural Toxins, 4, 42–50 Rotter, B.A., Prelusky, D.B., Fortin, A., Miller, J.D. & Savard, M.E. (1997) Impact of pure fumonisin B 1 on various metabolic parameters and carcass quality of growing-finishing swine — Preliminary findings. Can. J. Anim. Sci., 77, 465–470 Rumbeiha, W.K. & Oehme, F.W. (1997) Fumonisin exposure to Kansans through consumption of corn-based market foods. Vet. hum. Toxicol., 39, 220–225 Rylova, S.N., Somova, O.G., Zubova, E.S., Dudnik, L.B., Kogtev, L.S., Kozlov, A.M., Alesenko, A.V. & Dyatlovitskaya, E.V. (1999) Content and structure of ceramide and sphingomyelin and sphingomyelinase activity in mouse hepatoma-22. Biochemistry (Mosc.), 64, 437–441 Sahu, S.C., Eppley, R.M., Page, S.W., Gray, G.C., Barton, C.N. & O’Donnell, M.W. (1998) Peroxidation of lipids and membrane oxidative DNA damage by fumonisin B 1 in isolated rat liver nuclei. Cancer Lett., 125, 117–121 Sanchis, V., Abadias, M., Oncins, L., Sala, N., Viñas, I. & Canela, R. (1994) Occurrence of fumonisins B 1 and B 2 in corn-based products from the Spanish market. Appl. environ. Microbiol., 60, 2147–2148 Sanchis, V., Abadias, M., Oncins, L., Sala, N., Viñas, I. & Canela, R. (1995) Fumonisins B 1 and B 2 and toxigenic Fusarium strains in feeds from the Spanish market. Int. J. Food Microbiol., 27, 37–44 359
360 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 Savard, M.E. & Blackwell, B.A. (1994) Spectral characteristics of secondary metabolites from Fusarium fungi. In: Miller, J.D. & Trenholm, H.L., eds, Mycotoxins in Grain: Compounds Other than Aflatoxin, St Paul, MN, Eagan Press, pp. 59–260 Scott, P.M., Delgado, T., Prelusky, D.B., Trenholm, H.L. & Miller, J.D. (1994) Determination of fumonisins in milk. J. environ. Sci. Health, B29, 989–998 Scudamore, K.A. & Chan, H.K. (1993) Occurrence of fumonisin mycotoxins in maize and millet imported into the United Kingdom. In: Scudamore, K., ed., Proceedings of the Workshop on Occurrence and Significance of Mycotoxins, Slough, Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, Central Science Laboratory, pp. 186–189 Scudamore, K.A., Nawaz, S. & Hetmanski, M.T. (1998) Mycotoxins in ingredients of animal feeding stuffs: II. Determination of mycotoxins in maize and maize products. Food. Addit. Contam., 15, 30–55 Seegers, J.C., Joubert, A.M., Panzer, A., Lottering, M.L., Jordan, C.A., Joubert, F., Maree, J.-L., Bianchi, P., de Kock, M. & Gelderblom, W.C.A. (2000) Fumonisin B 1 influenced the effects of arachidonic acid, prostaglandins E2 and A2 on cell cycle progression, apoptosis induction, tyrosine- and CDC2-kinase activity in oesophageal cancer cells. Prost. Leuk. Essen. Fatty Acids, 62, 75–84 Semple-Roberts, E., Hayes, M.A., Armstrong, D., Becker, R.A., Racz, W.J. & Farber, E. (1987) Alternative methods of selecting rat hepatocellular nodules resistant to 2-acetylaminofluorene. Int. J. Cancer, 40, 643–645 Sewram, V., Nair, J.J., Nieuwoudt, T.W., Gelderblom, W.C.A., Marasas, W.F.O. & Shephard, G.S. (2001) Assessing chronic exposure to fumonisin mycotoxins: The use of hair as a suitable noninvasive matrix. J. anal. Toxicol., 25, 450–455 Sharma, R.P., Dugyala, R.R. & Voss, K.A. (1997) Demonstration of in-situ apoptosis in mouse liver and kidney after short-term repeated exposure to fumonisin B 1. J. comp. Pathol., 117, 371–381 Sharma, R.P., Riley, R.T. & Voss, K.A. (2001) Cytokine involvement in fumonisin-induced cellular toxicity. In: de Koe, W.J., Samson, R.A., van Egmond, H.P., Gilbert, J. & Sabino, M., eds, Mycotoxins and Phycotoxins in Perspective at the Turn of the Millennium (Proceedings of the Xth International IUPAC Symposium on Mycotoxins and Phycotoxins, 21–25 May, Guarujá, Brazil), Wageningen, the Netherlands, Ponsen en Looyen, pp. 223–230 Shelby, R.A., Rottinghaus, G.E. & Minor, H.C. (1994a) Comparison of thin-layer chromatography and competitive immunoassay methods for detecting fumonisin on maize. J. agric. Food Chem., 42, 2064–2067 Shelby, R.A., White, D.G. & Bauske, E.M. (1994b) Differential fumonisin production in maize hybrids. Plant Dis., 78, 582–584 Shephard, G.S. (1998) Chromatographic determination of the fumonisin mycotoxins. J. Chromatogr., A815, 31-39 Shephard, G.S. & Snijman, P.W. (1999) Elimination and excretion of a single dose of the mycotoxin fumonisin B 2 in a non-human primate. Food chem. Toxicol., 37, 111–116 Shephard, G.S., Sydenham, E.W., Thiel, P.G. & Gelderblom, W.C.A. (1990) Quantitative determination of fumonisins B 1 and B 2 by high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. J. liq. Chromatogr., 13, 2077–2087 Shephard, G.S., Thiel, P.G. & Sydenham, E.W. (1992a) Determination of fumonisin B 1 in plasma and urine by high-performance liquid chromatography. J. Chromatogr., 574, 299–304
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WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION INTERNATI
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IARC MONOGRAPHS In 1969, the Intern
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iv IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 3.2 Th
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vi IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 SOME M
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IARC WORKING GROUP ON THE EVALUATIO
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PARTICIPANTS 5 Observer, representi
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PREAMBLE
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10 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 plasms
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12 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 collec
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14 agents present. For processes, i
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16 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 Finall
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18 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 and mi
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20 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 (c) St
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22 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 may le
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24 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 It is
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26 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 Data r
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28 when there is strong evidence th
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30 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 Vol. 7
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GENERAL REMARKS ON THE SUBSTANCES C
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SOME TRADITIONAL HERBAL MEDICINES
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44 which may include, for example,
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46 2. Use of Traditional Herbal Med
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48 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 decade
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50 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 Table
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52 3.2.1 Definition of herbal medic
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54 3.2.8 Individual supply Herbal m
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58 3.3.2 Germany (see Kraft, 1999;
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60 beyond placebo, and this informa
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62 3.3.5 Canada The Canadian Food a
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64 of adverse reactions to OTC drug
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66 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 3.3.12
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68 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 Jellin
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70 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 Simila
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72 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 Figure
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74 diameter of 4-6 cm or more, lobe
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76 1.2 Use 1.2.1 Aristolochia conto
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78 1.3.3 Aristolochia fangchi Compo
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80 1.6.2 Structural and molecular f
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82 chromatographic separation with
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84 may contain aristolochic acids.
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86 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 A bila
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88 received distilled water. The an
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90 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 Figure
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92 varied from undetectable (< 0.02
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94 lochic acids enhanced immune res
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96 4.4 Genetic and related effects
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Table 3 (contd) Details of study DN
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Table 4. DNA adduct formation with
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Table 4 (contd) Details of study Co
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Table 5 (contd) Species Treatment I
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Table 6. DNA adduct formation by ar
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Table 6 (contd) Test system Assay D
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Table 6 (contd) Test system Assay D
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Table 7. Polymerase action on arist
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Table 8 (contd) Test system Drosoph
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116 of the forestomach and lung of
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118 lochic acid II (three metabolit
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120 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 Che,
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122 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 Healt
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124 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 Nishi
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126 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 Schme
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128 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 Yang,
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130 Figure 1. Morinda officinalis H
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132 1.3.2 Morinda officinalis A num
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134 by Soxhlet extraction with ethy
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136 2.1 Case-control studies 2.1.1
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138 3. Studies of Cancer in Experim
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140 1,3-Dihydroxy-2-hydroxymethylan
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142 4.3 Reproductive and developmen
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Table 1 (contd) Test system Result
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146 5.1 Exposure data 5. Summary of
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148 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 Brigg
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150 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 Nusko
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D. SENECIO SPECIES AND RIDDELLIINE
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metry (Witte et al., 1992). Thin-la
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sex were killed after a seven-week
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4.2.2 Experimental systems SOME TRA
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Table 1. Genetic and related effect
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Riddelliine induced unscheduled DNA
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5.3 Animal carcinogenicity data In
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SOME TRADITIONAL HERBAL MEDICINES 1
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SOME MYCOTOXINS
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172 Aflatoxin G 1 IARC MONOGRAPHS V
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Table 2 (contd) Method no. Aflatoxi
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178 indicates that A. flavus and A.
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Table 4. Occurrence of aflatoxin B1
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182 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 aflat
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Table 6. Co-occurrence of aflatoxin
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186 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 Figur
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188 1.4 International exposure esti
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190 (c) Impact of establishing maxi
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192 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 used
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Table 10 (contd) Reference Area Uni
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198 were collapsed into a conventio
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Table 11 (contd) Reference Area Stu
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202 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 histo
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204 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 resid
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Table 12. Summary of principal case
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208 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 disea
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210 3. Studies of Cancer in Experim
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212 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 diet
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214 3.4 Administration with known c
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216 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 The 8
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218 observed in rat liver slices, a
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222 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 an α
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224 (mainly hepatocellular carcinom
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226 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 but i
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228 lordosis and reduction in conce
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232 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 sampl
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234 In eight subjects (four from Ho
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240 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 anima
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242 difference between the two stud
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244 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 HBV-t
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246 In a large cohort study in Shan
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248 experimental data in showing th
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250 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 Ander
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252 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 Buetl
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254 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 Denis
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256 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 Galla
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258 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 Heino
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260 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 Jalon
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262 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 Kirk,
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264 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 Lunn,
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266 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 Olubu
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268 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 Roll,
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270 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 Stett
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272 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 Verge
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274 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 Yang,
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Table 1. IARC evaluations Previous
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278 kernels and in less than 0.1% o
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280 2.5.3 Cottonseed A. flavus is a
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294 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 8. Re
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296 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 Guo,
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298 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 Marti
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300 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 Sharm
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302 (d ) Solubility: Soluble in wat
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304 1.4 Occurrence Fumonisins have
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306 Table 1 (contd) IARC MONOGRAPHS
Page 315 and 316: 308 (c) Formation in commodities ot
Page 317 and 318: 310 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 Table
Page 319 and 320: 312 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 3.1 O
Page 321 and 322: 314 3.2.2 Rat IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUM
Page 323 and 324: 316 with NDEA and fumonisin B 1, wh
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Page 327 and 328: Figure 2. Allometric relationship b
Page 329 and 330: 322 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 obser
Page 331 and 332: 324 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 Hepat
Page 333 and 334: 326 4.2.3 Related studies IARC MONO
Page 335 and 336: 328 4.3.2 Experimental systems IARC
Page 337 and 338: 330 and litters on postnatal day 21
Page 339 and 340: Table 4. Genetic and related effect
Page 341 and 342: 334 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 The f
Page 343 and 344: 336 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 (d )
Page 345 and 346: 338 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 treat
Page 347 and 348: 340 4.5.2 Interference with fatty a
Page 349 and 350: 342 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 Figur
Page 351 and 352: 344 5.2 Human carcinogenicity data
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Page 371 and 372: 364 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 Flett
Page 373 and 374: 366 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 Yu, C
Page 375 and 376: 368 disulfide, carbon tetrachloride
Page 377 and 378: Table 1 (contd) Sample matrix Sampl
Page 379 and 380: Table 3. Naphthalene production (th
Page 381 and 382: 374 1.4 Occurrence 1.4.1 Natural oc
Page 383 and 384: Table 5. Occupational exposure to n
Page 385 and 386: 378 water assuming a water concentr
Page 387 and 388: 380 (Scheepers & Bos, 1992). The av
Page 389 and 390: 382 (d ) Biodegradation Studies on
Page 391 and 392: 384 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 Table
Page 393 and 394: 386 3.2 Inhalation exposure 3.2.1 M
Page 395 and 396: 388 3.3.2 Rat Ten BD I and BD III r
Page 397 and 398: Figure 1. Main metabolic pathways o
Page 399 and 400: 392 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 and t
Page 401 and 402: 394 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 and 1
Page 403 and 404: 396 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 1-240
Page 405 and 406: 398 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 Perfu
Page 407 and 408: 400 Siegel and Wason (1986) reviewe
Page 409 and 410: 402 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 liver
Page 411 and 412: 404 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 to id
Page 413 and 414: 406 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 Alkal
Page 415 and 416: 408 hyperplasia, atrophy, chronic i
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410 had deficient glucose-6-phospha
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Table 10. Genetic and related effec
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Table 10 (contd) Test system Micron
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416 assay with or without metabolic
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418 There is some evidence of devel
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420 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 Bjør
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422 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 Conkl
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424 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 Envir
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426 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 Ho, C
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428 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 Lynch
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430 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 O’B
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432 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 Schee
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434 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 Versc
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STYRENE This substance was consider
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EPA Method 8260B can be used to det
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Styrene is produced mainly by catal
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STYRENE 443 Table 3. Use patterns f
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STYRENE 445 most samples taken from
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STYRENE 447 successive layers of ch
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Table 4 (contd) Country and year of
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Table 5. Biological monitoring of o
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STYRENE 453 Since 1990, the long-te
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same products resulted in exposures
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STYRENE 457 Ambient air monitoring
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200 μg/kg, although 77% of the foo
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Table 8 (contd) Country or region Y
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2.1 Case reports 2. Studies of Canc
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Table 10 (contd) Reference (country
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Table 10 (contd) Reference (country
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STYRENE 469 (95% CI, 1.4-5.2; 10 de
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who had been employed in 1964-70 (t
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elationship for styrene became nega
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atio, 4.4; 95% CI, 1.1-17 in multip
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controls versus 32/32 treated). No
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3.4 Intraperitoneal administration
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Figure 1. Main metabolic pathways f
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STYRENE 483 a maximum and averaged
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(b) Distribution STYRENE 485 An ear
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STYRENE 487 rats with phenobarbital
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STYRENE 489 gavage (100-350 mg/kg b
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CYP2E1 and CYP2F2) inhibited nasal
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model indicated that absorbed styre
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female workers in the glass fibre-r
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STYRENE 497 continuously for seven
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STYRENE 499 exposure concentrations
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STYRENE 501 The frequency of sponta
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STYRENE 503 groups. Only minor gene
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concentrations of styrene in air we
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Table 12. Cytogenetic studies in ly
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Table 13. Genetic and related effec
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(b) Experimental systems (see Table
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Page 522 and 523:
STYRENE 515 styrene 7,8-oxide. Joha
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Styrene 7,8-oxide can bind to DNA w
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STYRENE 519 a small and non-signifi
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STYRENE 521 and immune systems, liv
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STYRENE 523 Artuso, M., Angotzi, G.
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STYRENE 525 Brugnone, F., Perbellin
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STYRENE 527 Coccini, T., Maestri, L
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STYRENE 529 Edling, C., Anundi, H.,
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STYRENE 531 Gobba, F., Galassi, C.,
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STYRENE 533 Horvath, E., Pongracz,
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STYRENE 535 logical Study and the I
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STYRENE 537 Linhart, I., Gut, I.,
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STYRENE 539 Miller, S.L., Branoff,
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STYRENE 541 Newhook, R. & Caldwell,
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STYRENE 543 Pryor, G.T., Rebert, C.
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STYRENE 545 Sielken, R.L. & Valdez-
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STYRENE 547 Tsuda, S., Matsusaka, N
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STYRENE 549 Boffetta, P. (1996b) Ex
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Agent SUMMARY OF FINAL EVALUATIONS
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554 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 DGAL:
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556 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 PMTDI
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558 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 Aldri
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560 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 Benz[
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562 β-Butyrolactone 11, 225 (1976)
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564 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 Chlor
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566 Cyproterone acetate 72, 49 (199
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568 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 Diepo
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570 Ethionamide 13, 83 (1977); Supp
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572 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 Haema
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574 L Lasiocarpine 10, 281 (1976);
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576 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 Methy
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578 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 Nicke
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580 O Ochratoxin A 10, 191 (1976);
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582 IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 82 Polyb
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584 Rhodamine 6G 16, 233 (1978); Su
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586 Sulfafurazole 24, 275 (1980); S
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588 1,1,1-Trichloroethane 20, 515 (
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590 Y Yellow AB 8, 279 (1975); Supp
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Volume 31 Some Food Additives, Feed
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IARC MONOGRAPHS ON THE EVALUATION OF CARCINOGENIC ...

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