Whale Watching Worldwide

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neighbours, earning it the reputation of the ‘nature isle of the Caribbean’ and facilitating the eco‐friendly and responsible way in which the whale watching industry has developed. Main species: Large cetaceans: sperm whale, Bryde’s whale, Cuvier’s beaked whale, humpback whale Small cetaceans: dwarf sperm whale, pygmy sperm whale, short‐finned pilot whale, false killer whale, melon‐headed whale, pantropical spotted dolphin, spinner dolphin, Fraser’s dolphin Tourists: International 85% Domestic 15% Types of tours: Boat‐based short trips generally from resorts Average adult ticket price: $45 Estimated employment 20 numbers: Main whale watch season: November to April Acknowledgements: Captain Billy Lawrence, Derek Perryman, Fitzroy Jones Armour and Palesa Leevy‐Jolly 248
Local Case Study: Dominica According to apocryphal legend, when Christopher Columbus was asked to describe the island he had named after the day of the week upon which he encountered it – Dominica – he roughly crumpled a piece of parchment and tossed it upon the table, indicating its mountainous nature and absence of flat land. Indeed, the youngest island of the lesser Antilles, Dominica is still in the process of being formed by volcanic activity as may be seen with its famous boiling lake – the second largest hot spring in the world. The resultant vertical topography, reflected in the pre‐Columbian indigenous Carib name for the island – ‘Wai'tu kubuli’, meaning ‘Tall is her Body’ ‐ served to limit cultivation and development of the landscape during the intermittent British Colonial era and consequently Dominica boasts a greater proportion of pristine rainforest wilderness than its more developed neighbours, affording it the unofficial title of the ‘Nature Isle of the Caribbean’. This same topography continues underwater in the sea surrounding the islands, creating deep ocean trenches close to shore which, combined with the warm, sheltered waters of the island’s west coast, make this ideal cetacean territory. Whilst running dive tours for the Anchorage Hotel, Fitzroy Armour began noticing the interest divers showed in the whales sighted which, combined with Fitzroy’s own interest in these animals as a naturalist and photographer, led him to begin whale watching tours in 1988. Some five years later Derrek Perryman and Captain Billy Lawrence became interested in the promise of whale watching and began including it in some of their diving packages, and in 1995 the company for which they worked, Dive Dominica, began its first commercial whale watching tours. Today, Dominica has one of the largest boat‐based commercial whale watching industries in the Caribbean, taking nearly 15,000 tourists in 2008. Along with St Lucia, the Dominican Republic and Puerto Rico, it has firmly established whale watching as a significant tourist attraction in the region. The industry has been proactive in its self‐management in a manner not frequently seen, but is likely to be a partial reason for its continuing success as it has a unique ability to provide a quality tourism experience. As noted by Hoyt (1999), the development of the whale watching industry in Dominica has maintained a strong emphasis upon education and conservation, with multiple workshops between operators, scientists and government officials, including the close involvement of IFAW. In the absence of laws regulating whale watching, the Dominican operators have generally adopted and complied with their own modified system of international regulations which they have termed the Marine Mammal Code of Conduct. The Dominica Fisheries Division is, at the time of writing this report, in the process of developing regulations to formalise the good management of whale watching, which has been submitted to parliament. Although there are only four operators undertaking whale watch trips in Dominica, all are members of the pan‐Caribbean cooperative organisation, CARIBwhale. This industry association was founded in 2000 and formally incorporated in 2007 by over 15 whale watching organisations from various Caribbean nations in conjunction with IFAW. The organisation is dedicated to fostering an environment that will conserve cetaceans and their habitat, promoting responsible whale watching and support non‐invasive scientific research, education and community involvement. Such a strong commitment from the entire industry ensures a continuing high standard of whale watching in the country. 249
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Whale Watching Worldwide Tourism nu
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Whale Watching Worldwide: Tourism n
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GEORGIA, UKRAINE AND RUSSIA - BLACK
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ST. LUCIA..........................
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Foreword: IFAW and Whale Watching 1
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Sidney Holt, at that time IFAW Scie
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Australia, New Zealand and the Sout
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watching trips started (Papastavrou
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For the past four years, IFAW has c
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• Research on the effectiveness o
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Hoyt, E. 2001. Whale Watching 2001:
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Executive Summary Ten years after t
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South America too is showing strong
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Map of the global distribution of w
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Introduction Cultures across the gl
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was achieved. Responses in many cou
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Generally in economics, ‘indirect
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February 2009 for consistency. Desp
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Regions The following section of th
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AFRICA AND MIDDLE EAST Year Number
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Summary of country results Country
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Benin Year Number of whale watchers
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Canary Islands Year Number of whale
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Egypt Year Number of whale watchers
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Local Case Study: Samadai Reef, Egy
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Gabon Year Number of whale watchers
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Mervyn Baldwin (Pleasuresports Gamb
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In February 2009, political protest
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• Local people make up a signific
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Mauritius Year Number of whale watc
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Acknowledgements: Nils Bertrand (Se
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egulation of the industry and has c
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novel Static Acoustic Monitoring te
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Main species: Large cetaceans: Bryd
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São Tomé and Príncipe Year Numbe
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Seychelles Year Number of whale wat
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Land‐based whale watching also co
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Local Case Study: Hermanus, South A
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Although the industry is clearly im
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The type of cetacean watching shows
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Croatia Year Number of whale watche
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Denmark Year Number of whale watche
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France Year Number of whale watcher
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Germany Year Number of whale watche
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Greece Year Number of whale watcher
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There is also a whale watching indu
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Main species: Large cetaceans: blue
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solved through dialogue with fisher
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Dolphin watch tours last two hours
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Monaco Year Number of whale watcher
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Main species: Large cetaceans: hump
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Main species: Large cetaceans: blue
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Neves‐Graça, K. 2004. Revisiting
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Portugal ‐ Mainland Year Number o
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Acknowledgements: Tilen Genov of Mo
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United Kingdom Year Number of whale
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Scotland Year Number of whale watch
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Wales Year Number of whale watchers
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Asia Year Number of whale watchers
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122
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Cambodia and Laos Year Number of wh
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China China (Mainland) Year Number
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expenditure figure is largely expla
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Georgia, Ukraine and Russia - Black
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Ganges River dolphin and Irrawaddy
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Whales migrate between the Pacific
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Kyushu Year Number of whale watcher
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Ogasawara, Miyakejima, Mikurajima Y
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Acknowledgements: Thanks to all eig
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Local Case Study: Japan Internation
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Maldives Year Number of whale watch
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Thanks to Brian Smith of WCS for hi
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Philippines Year Number of whale wa
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September to May. Puerto Princessa
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Sri Lanka Year Number of whale watc
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Main species: Small cetaceans: Irra
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epresents a significant average ann
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Antarctica Year Number of whale wat
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Australia Year Number of whale watc
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Queensland Year Number of whale wat
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New South Wales Year Number of whal
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Victoria Year Number of whale watch
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Tasmania Year Number of whale watch
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although the management plan for th
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Main species: Large cetaceans: hump
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• It is the only known predictabl
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Main species: Tourists: Large cetac
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formal cetacean watching industry 4
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Acknowledgements: Michael Poole (Ma
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Midway Year Number of whale watcher
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Acknowledgements: Claire Garrigue a
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North Island Year Number of whale w
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Main species: Large cetaceans: sper
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Palau Year Number of whale watchers
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References: Research for this count
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References: Research for this count
Page 198 and 199: North America Year Number of whale
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Page 202 and 203: British Columbia Year Number of wha
Page 204 and 205: Québec Year Number of whale watche
Page 206 and 207: Nova Scotia and New Brunswick Year
Page 208 and 209: Most whale watchers in Newfoundland
Page 210 and 211: Acknowledgements: Thanks to the ope
Page 212 and 213: St. Pierre and Miquelon Year Number
Page 214 and 215: Alaska Year Number of whale watcher
Page 216 and 217: Hawaii Year Number of whale watcher
Page 218 and 219: Hawaiian Islands (Hawaii, Maui, Oah
Page 220 and 221: considerably less than those depart
Page 222 and 223: Nevertheless, the industry is undou
Page 224 and 225: With the number of boat‐based wha
Page 226 and 227: In Santa Barbara and Ventura County
Page 228 and 229: New England Year Number of whale wa
Page 230 and 231: Local Case Study: Stellwagen Bank,
Page 232 and 233: Cetacean watching in Virginia is ba
Page 234 and 235: participated in a workshop on the p
Page 236 and 237: Central America and Caribbean Year
Page 238 and 239: Summary of country results Country
Page 240 and 241: Antigua and Barbuda Year Number of
Page 242 and 243: organise dedicated land‐based act
Page 244 and 245: Bermuda Year Number of whale watche
Page 246 and 247: Costa Rica Year Number of whale wat
Page 250 and 251: Dominican Republic Year Number of w
Page 252 and 253: Grenada Year Number of whale watche
Page 254 and 255: Acknowledgements: Evasion Tropicale
Page 256 and 257: Jamaica Year Number of whale watche
Page 258 and 259: Maillard, J 2004, ‘Orientations R
Page 260 and 261: Panama Year Number of whale watcher
Page 262 and 263: St. Kitts and Nevis Year Number of
Page 264 and 265: Acknowledgements: Thanks to two ope
Page 266 and 267: Turks and Caicos Islands Year Numbe
Page 268 and 269: South America Year: Number of whale
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Page 272 and 273: References: Hoyt, E & Iñíguez, M
Page 274 and 275: Estimated employment 62 numbers: Ma
Page 276 and 277: Main species: Large cetaceans: Bryd
Page 278 and 279: Falkland Islands (Las Malvinas) Yea
Page 280 and 281: References: Hoyt, E & Iñíguez, M
Page 282 and 283: Venezuela Year Number of whale watc
Page 284 and 285: thouands. Through the 1990s, two re
Page 286 and 287: for starting up sustainable whale w
Page 288 and 289: Bibliography Agardy, T, Aguilar, N,
Page 290 and 291: Hoyt, E 2001, ‘Whale Watching 200
Page 292 and 293: SPREP, Whale and Dolphin Action Pla
Page 294 and 295: A. Business name: B. Contact name:
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