Hoyt, E 2001, ‘<strong>Whale</strong> <strong>Watching</strong> 2001: <strong>Worldwide</strong> Tourism Numbers, Expenditures, and Expanding Socioeconomic Benefits’, International Fund for Animal Welfare, Yarmouth Port, MA, USA, 158 pp. Hoyt, E & Hvenegaard, G 2002, ‘A Review of <strong>Whale</strong> <strong>Watching</strong> and Whaling with Applications for the Caribbean. Coastal Management’, vol. 30, no. 4, pp. 381‐399. Hoyt, E 2003, ‘The Best <strong>Whale</strong> <strong>Watching</strong> in Europe –a guide to seeing whales, dolphins and porpoises in all European waters’, WDCS, Unterhaching, Germany, 60pp. Hoyt, E 2005, ‘Marine Protected Areas for <strong>Whale</strong>s, Dolphins and Porpoises: A World Handbook for Cetacean Habitat Conservation’, Earthscan, London, 516 pp. Hoyt, E 2007, ‘A Blueprint for Dolphin and <strong>Whale</strong> <strong>Watching</strong> Development’, Humane Society International (HSI), Washington, DC, 30 pp. Hoyt, E 2008, ‘<strong>Whale</strong> watching’, Encyclopedia of Marine Mammals, 2nd Edition (Perrin, W.F., B. Würsig and J.G.M. Thewissen, eds.) Academic Press, San Diego, CA., pp. 1219‐1223. Hoyt, E & Iñíguez, M 2008, ‘The State of <strong>Whale</strong> <strong>Watching</strong> in Latin America’, WDCS, Chippenham, UK; IFAW, East Falmouth, USA; and Global Ocean, London, 60 pp.. IFAW 1999, ‘Report of the Workshop on the Socioeconomic Aspects of <strong>Whale</strong> <strong>Watching</strong>’, Kaikoura, New Zealand, 88 pp. IFAW, Tethys Research Institute & Europe Conservation 1995, ‘Report of the Workshop on the Scientific Aspects of Managing <strong>Whale</strong> <strong>Watching</strong>’, Montecastello di Vibio, Italy. IFAW, WWF & WDCS 1997, ‘Report of the International Workshop on the Educational Values of <strong>Whale</strong> <strong>Watching</strong>’, Provincetown, Massachusetts, USA. IUCN 2008, ‘2008 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species’, accessed 2009, available online at: http://www.iucnredlist.org Lusseau, D, Slooten, E & Currey, RJ 2006, ‘Unsustainable dolphin watching activities in Fiordland, New Zealand’, Tourism Mar. Environ. 3, pp. 173‐178. Maillard, J 2004, ‘Orientations Régionales de Gestion de la Faune sauvage et d’amélioration de la qualité de ses Habitats ‐ Région Martinique ‐ Etat des Lieux’, Office National de la Chasse et de la Faune Sauvage et Direction Régionale de L’Environnement Martinique Masoala National Park, ‘Masoala National Park (Madagascar) : Masoala guide: nature, faune, flore, mer, tourisme, decouverte Madagascar’, accessed April 2009, available online at: http://www.masoala.org/eng/index.htm Mayol P, Beaubrun P, Dhermain F, Richez G 2007, ‘Commercial whale watching off the French Mediterranean coast’, 59th International Meeting Commission (IWC/59/10), Anchorage, USA, p. 14. Mazier, Laurène, ‘Reunion Island – Internet Tourism Portal of the Island’, accessed March 2009, available online at: http://reunion.runweb.com/lang‐EN‐page‐929‐2V‐page,<strong>Whale</strong> watching.html McDowell Group 2007, ‘Alaska Visitor Statistics Program’, State of Alaska Department of Commerce, Community and Economic Development, accessed January 2009, available online at: http://www.dced.state.ak.us/oed/toubus/research.htm. McDowell Group 2008, ‘Alaska Visitor Statistics Program V; Interim visitor Volume Report’, State of Alaska Department of Commerce, Community and Economic Development, accessed January 2009, available online at: http://www.dced.state.ak.us/oed/toubus/research.htm. 290
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Foreword: IFAW and Whale Watching 1
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Sidney Holt, at that time IFAW Scie
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Australia, New Zealand and the Sout
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watching trips started (Papastavrou
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For the past four years, IFAW has c
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Hoyt, E. 2001. Whale Watching 2001:
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Executive Summary Ten years after t
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South America too is showing strong
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Map of the global distribution of w
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Introduction Cultures across the gl
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was achieved. Responses in many cou
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Generally in economics, ‘indirect
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February 2009 for consistency. Desp
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Regions The following section of th
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AFRICA AND MIDDLE EAST Year Number
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Summary of country results Country
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Benin Year Number of whale watchers
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Canary Islands Year Number of whale
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Egypt Year Number of whale watchers
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Local Case Study: Samadai Reef, Egy
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Gabon Year Number of whale watchers
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Mervyn Baldwin (Pleasuresports Gamb
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In February 2009, political protest
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• Local people make up a signific
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Mauritius Year Number of whale watc
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Acknowledgements: Nils Bertrand (Se
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egulation of the industry and has c
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novel Static Acoustic Monitoring te
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Main species: Large cetaceans: Bryd
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São Tomé and Príncipe Year Numbe
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Seychelles Year Number of whale wat
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Land‐based whale watching also co
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Local Case Study: Hermanus, South A
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Although the industry is clearly im
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The type of cetacean watching shows
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Croatia Year Number of whale watche
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Denmark Year Number of whale watche
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France Year Number of whale watcher
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Germany Year Number of whale watche
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Greece Year Number of whale watcher
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There is also a whale watching indu
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Main species: Large cetaceans: blue
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solved through dialogue with fisher
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Dolphin watch tours last two hours
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Monaco Year Number of whale watcher
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Main species: Large cetaceans: hump
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Main species: Large cetaceans: blue
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Neves‐Graça, K. 2004. Revisiting
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Portugal ‐ Mainland Year Number o
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Acknowledgements: Tilen Genov of Mo
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United Kingdom Year Number of whale
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Scotland Year Number of whale watch
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Wales Year Number of whale watchers
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Asia Year Number of whale watchers
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122
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Cambodia and Laos Year Number of wh
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China China (Mainland) Year Number
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expenditure figure is largely expla
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Georgia, Ukraine and Russia - Black
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Ganges River dolphin and Irrawaddy
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Whales migrate between the Pacific
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Kyushu Year Number of whale watcher
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Ogasawara, Miyakejima, Mikurajima Y
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Acknowledgements: Thanks to all eig
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Local Case Study: Japan Internation
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Maldives Year Number of whale watch
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Thanks to Brian Smith of WCS for hi
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Philippines Year Number of whale wa
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September to May. Puerto Princessa
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Sri Lanka Year Number of whale watc
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Main species: Small cetaceans: Irra
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epresents a significant average ann
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158
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Antarctica Year Number of whale wat
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Victoria Year Number of whale watch
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Tasmania Year Number of whale watch
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although the management plan for th
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Main species: Large cetaceans: hump
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• It is the only known predictabl
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Main species: Tourists: Large cetac
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formal cetacean watching industry 4
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Acknowledgements: Michael Poole (Ma
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Midway Year Number of whale watcher
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Acknowledgements: Claire Garrigue a
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North Island Year Number of whale w
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Main species: Large cetaceans: sper
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Palau Year Number of whale watchers
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References: Research for this count
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References: Research for this count
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North America Year Number of whale
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200
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British Columbia Year Number of wha
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Québec Year Number of whale watche
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Nova Scotia and New Brunswick Year
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Most whale watchers in Newfoundland
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Acknowledgements: Thanks to the ope
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St. Pierre and Miquelon Year Number
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Alaska Year Number of whale watcher
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Hawaii Year Number of whale watcher
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Hawaiian Islands (Hawaii, Maui, Oah
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considerably less than those depart
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Nevertheless, the industry is undou
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With the number of boat‐based wha
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In Santa Barbara and Ventura County
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New England Year Number of whale wa
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Local Case Study: Stellwagen Bank,
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Cetacean watching in Virginia is ba
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participated in a workshop on the p
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Central America and Caribbean Year
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Summary of country results Country
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