Resource Book on Horticulture Nursery Management

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Organic Mulch: Wood Chips/Shavings Inorganic Mulch: Polythene Sheet Characteristics of Good Mulching Materials It should be easily and cheaply available. Material should not act as an alternate host for pest and disease. It should be easily degradable. Application of Mulching Mulching material in general should be placed over the beds immediately after sowing and removed after the seedlings have germinated and have attained sufficient height or when the danger of frost or high temperature is over. 5.2.3 Plant Growth Regulators (PGR) in Nursery Plant growth regulators are the chemical compounds other than nutrients which are required in small or minute quantities to regulate modify or inhibit the plant physiological processes. Plant Hormones Plant growth hormones are the chemical compounds synthesized by the plant inside its body and transported from site of production to site of action to regulate, modify or inhibit the plant physiological processes Types/Groups/Classes of Plant Growth Regulators (PGR) 1. Gibberellins: Play important role in cell elongation in plant cells e.g., Gibberellic Acid GA1, GA3, GA7 2. Auxines: Play important role in cell division and cell multiplication. These substances are used mainly for the root initiation, e.g., Indol Acetic Acid (IAA), Indol Butaric Acid (IBA) and Naphathalic Acetic Acid (NAA). 3. Cytokinins: Play important role in cell elongation, e.g., Kinetin, Zeatin 4. Abscisic Acid: Growth retarding substance and plays an important role in fruit drop and thinning, e.g., ABA 5. Ehtylene: Mainly called as ripening hormone which hastens ripening in fruit crops. Ethrel also useful for sex expression in cucurbitaceous vegetable crops. Eg, Ethephon, Ethrel. <strong>Resource</strong> <strong>Book</strong> on Horticulture Nursery Management : 102
Role of Plant Growth Regulators on Fruit Production 1. Propagation Large number of plants are propagated by stem cutting, leaf cutting and layering. For promoting rooting, the commonly used hormone is IBA followed by NAA. IBA enhances root formation on cuttings. Cytokinins also help in quick and profuse root formation on cutting and layers. By use of IBA, profuse root formation is observed in cutting at fig, pomegranate, croton, rose rootstock, hibiscus, grape etc. (A) Seed Germination Plant growth regulators are used to promote early seed germination and improve the germination percentage. Many seeds have natural dormancy which can be overcome by dipping the seeds in auxins. � GA3 @ 500 ppm solution enhances seed germination in aonla � Guava seed- 1 % KNO3 � Papaya seed- 20 ppm Sodium thisulphate 24 hour soaking � Papaya seed- 20 ppm Thiourea 24 hour soaking � Ber- 500 ppm GA � 200 ppm GA + 5% Sucrose. � Aonla seed, rayan seed- 500 ppm GA3 8 hrs soaking. (B) Vegetative Propagation a. Cutting: Auxins play an important role in the initiation of roots in cuttings. � A concentration of 500-1000 ppm auxins are used by quick-dip method of treating cutting for species which are difficult to root. � A concentration of 20-40 ppm auxins are used to the species which can be rooted easily. � Guava cuttings: 5000 ppm IBA by quick dip method � Grape cuttings:4000 ppm IBA by quick dip method � Pomegranates: 2000 ppm IBA by quick dip method � Litchi cuttings: 3000 ppm IBA by quick dip method � Jamun cuttings: 5000 ppm IBA by quick dip method � Fig cuttings: 1000 ppm IBA by quick dip method � Air layering-guava: 3000 ppm IBA by pasting lanoline paste � Air layering-pomegranate: 3000 ppm IBA by pasting lanoline paste � Air layering-litchi: 5000 ppm IBA by pasting lanoline paste � Air layering-jamun: 10000 ppm IBA by pasting lanoline paste � Air layering-tamarind: 4000 ppm IBA by pasting lanoline paste � Air layering-cashew: 500 ppm IBA by pasting lanoline paste b. Layering: Paste of auxin pasted on the operated portion of the plant part helps in initiation of roots in grafting and layering eg Air layering in Guava <strong>Resource</strong> <strong>Book</strong> on Horticulture Nursery Management : 103
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YASHWANTRAO CHAVAN MAHARASHTRA OPEN
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FUNDING ORGANIZATION: NATIONAL AGRI
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Unit 1: Introduction to Horticultur
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Some nurseries just replant young p
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drumsticks, Alocasia etc. Seedlings
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that specialize in a particular typ
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5. Road and Transport Once the nurs
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e interpreted as “commercial", "a
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Financial Resource
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1.4 Points to Remember � Plant pr
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2.2 Contents 2.2.1 Sexual and Asexu
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Maize Beans Difference between Mono
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fleshy fruits and also the tree and
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2.2.3 Vegetative Propagation Vegeta
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Characteristics for Good Media The
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Scion Scion is the part of mother p
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Securing the Bud with Polythene Bud
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Two methods of injuring the shoot c
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(D) Grafting Grafting is a method o
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This technique is applied both with
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Micro Propagation by using Ex-Plant
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Hardening of Chilli Plants Hardenin
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2.6 Do it Yourself 1. Enlist the cr
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material for media can be used alon
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are developed in the leaves due to
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5. Magnesium (Mg): There is general
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9. Zinc (Zn): There is yellow strip
Page 55 and 56: vii. Excess of Phosphorous in soil
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Page 59 and 60: 8. Chelated Fe- EDTA: Fe- 12 % 9. Z
Page 61 and 62: 4. Fertigation: Adequate dose of fe
Page 63 and 64: amount of nitrogen as microorganism
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Page 67 and 68: Micro-Irrigation above Soil Surface
Page 69 and 70: Green leaf Manure: It refers to inc
Page 71 and 72: Fertilizer: Any natural or manufact
Page 73 and 74: Unit 4: Plant Protections in Nurser
Page 75 and 76: 4. Legal or Regulatory Method: This
Page 77 and 78: Pest Damage Management Leaf Miner L
Page 79 and 80: Temperature Effects The growing sea
Page 81 and 82: Chemical treatments of soil eradica
Page 83 and 84: the quality of marketable nursery p
Page 85 and 86: (D) Chemical Method: Weed managemen
Page 87 and 88: At present, more than 21,500 natura
Page 89 and 90: Microorganism Target pest/disease B
Page 91 and 92: Disadvantages Biopesticide: � It
Page 93 and 94: environment and population dynamics
Page 95 and 96: Male moths attempting to locate the
Page 97 and 98: Viruses: A virus is a small infecti
Page 99 and 100: 5.2 Contents 5.2.1 Sanitation, Drai
Page 101 and 102: (b) Sub-Surface Drainage: A sub sur
Page 103 and 104: Potting of a Young Seedling B. Re-p
Page 105: D. Mulching in Nursery Mulching is
Page 109 and 110: usually low for easy rooting specie
Page 111 and 112: desired result from growth regulato
Page 113 and 114: apidly in these conditions. The int
Page 115 and 116: 2. Write the procedure of repotting
Page 117 and 118: 6.2 Content 6.2.1 Mass Scale Nurser
Page 119 and 120: placed in furrows at an interval of
Page 121 and 122: Sr. No. Crop Propagation Method Sea
Page 123 and 124: Rigid Panel Green House Shade Net H
Page 125 and 126: exposed wall area through which hea
Page 127 and 128: water is often too costly and may c
Page 129 and 130: 6.2.3 Input Management in Mass Plan
Page 131 and 132: calcium or magnesium can clog the n
Page 133 and 134: simultaneous. The gelling agents fr
Page 135 and 136: 10. Install a sprinkling system or
Page 137 and 138: Grafting: The process of inserting
Page 139 and 140: 7.2 Content 7.2.1 Demand and Supply
Page 141 and 142: to transmission of several diseases
Page 143 and 144: Grafts tied and Secured with Polyth
Page 145 and 146: tightly to the wood, budding is usu
Page 147 and 148: (particularly in the drier areas) h
Page 149 and 150: In nursery, the cuttings are plante
Page 151 and 152: Coconut (Cocos nucifera) Mother Pal
Page 153 and 154: vegetable varieties. Nowadays many
Page 155 and 156: Sowing Seeds in Trays 2. Sow one se
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leaf mould and soil and watered. Th
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Depotting and Transplanting of Carn
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stages in micropropagation. In rose
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Gerbera Plantation in Polyhouse For
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50% or 75% shade nets can be utiliz
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Marketing is systems that will make
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7.6 Do It Your Self 1. Visit a frui
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8.2 Content 8.2.1 Selection and Col
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4. Edges: Lining and borders of flo
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. Succulents: Plants with very fles
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seedlings to other users, potential
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is limited. Cut the stem about ½ i
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Tip Layering Simple Layering: Bend
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ud and attending chip of bark and w
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various sizes. Seeding: The proper
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Plant Exhibition: A nursery plant e
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Commercial Display in Nursery The d
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However, they can also be located i
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Productivity Indicators 1. Value Pr
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Net Returns and Profitability 1. Ne
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� In Sexual propagation, seed ger
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9.2 Content 9.2.1 Selection and Pre
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transplanting in the field. When th
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mushroomed. All these establishment
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method is followed when the plants
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Fertilizer Requirements Plant Type
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Security from Theft: Plant library
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Sr. No. Common name Botanical name
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9 Caladium Caladium bicolor Tuber 1
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Common Name Botanical Name Flower C
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Common name Botanical name Propagat
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Tall Hedge Plant Duranta plumeri Ne
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Protective Tall Hedge Plants Sr Com
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Sr. No Common Name Botanical Name F
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Sr. Common Botanical No Name Name 3
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9.6 Do It Yourself 1. Select and co
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approach is to expand an existing f
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material, labels, pesticides, ferti
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Sr No Particulars Quantity Rate in
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lemongrass, khus etc are important
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The fruit grafts and seedlings are
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� Maharashtra Fruit Nursery Act 1
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Sr No Name of the Fruit Plant Type
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1. Support under State Department S
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profitability, control costs, reduc
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Sr No Crop Operation Physical Produ
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30 per plant, however if the mango
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Debit Side Name of Account Credit S
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for the project, tells us about the
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plants, consultancy or sale of vari
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6. Entrepreneurs take immediate fee
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8. Plant Libraries: The plant libra
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Break Even Point: The break-even po
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References 1. The pot-in-pot produc
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