Resource Book on Horticulture Nursery Management

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P Axis: price of plant, Q Axis: Quantity available for sale. D: Demand. S: Supply. Demand of seedling of fruit plantation and vegetable in India per year Crop Annual seedling requirement (millions) <strong>Resource</strong> <strong>Book</strong> on Horticulture Nursery Management : 136 Annual seed requirement (Kgs) Tomato 13028 600 Brinjal 200000 635 Chilli 14157 195 Onion 695000 2779 Cabbage 22963 101 Cauliflower 12669 87 Mango 10 - Banana 3151 - Citrus 14222.22 - Gauva 20 - Grapes 80 - Papaya 576 - Pomegranate 21 - Sapota 1.6 - Coconut 2.5 - Cashew nut 31 - Arecanut 1 - 7.2.2 Mass Scale Plant Production of Fruit Plants Setting up of a fruit nursery is a long term venture and needs lot of planning and expertise. Mistakes committed initially on any aspect like selection of soil, raising of right kind of cultivars/varieties, plant protection measure, etc., reduce the financial returns greatly from the investment, in addition to wasting time and energy. So, careful planning is needed before setting up a nursery. The vegetative propagation of fruit crops makes them vulnerable
to transmission of several diseases and pests through the mother plant. Thus, importance of testing of material in the process of its preparation at various stages needs due attentions. The targets of the enhancing fruit production in the coming years will be achieved only through production and distribution of healthy, genuine and high quality planting material of commercial/improved varieties of fruit crops in sufficient quantities. Similarly, adequate measures are taken in the preparation of plant material to produce disease and pest free plant material. Progeny Trees/Mother Plants: A nurseryman should have progeny trees of all the promising cultivars of fruits that can be grown in that particular area. Criteria for Selection of Mother Plants: � The mother plants of the variety should be genetically true to type. � The mother plants should be healthy and free from any diseases, pest infestations and physiological disorder. � The mother plants should have known pedigree records regarding bearing potential, fruit quality and problems, if any. � The mother plants should be a prolific and regular fruit bearer. Criteria for Selection of Rootstocks a) Dwarfing and semi-dwarfing in nature b) Compatibility with the known commercial cultivars. c) Resistance/tolerance to biotic (diseases and pests) and abiotic stresses. d) Rootstock should have well developed and profuse root system. e) The rootstock should be easy to propagate vegetatively or from seeds. Mango (Mangifera indica L.) Raising of Rootstocks: Mango seedlings grown from stones of seedling trees are used as rootstocks. Stones should be collected from vigorous, disease free and high yielding trees during the harvesting season. Mango stones lose their viability very soon on desiccation. Stones are sown during in June-July. When the seedlings attain the age of 2-3 months, they should be transplanted in well prepared beds or polybags. Plant is allowed to grow as a single stem for six to eight months. Scion is ready for grafting w hen the plant attains pencil thickness or a little more. Now a days, high density planting is getting popular for which dwarf trees are demanded. To produce dwarfing effect it is necessary to select the correct type of rootstock. The rootstock such as Villaikolamban, Ambalavi are recommended for this purpose. The locally found wild mango stones may also be used as rootstock for the same purpose. Methods of Propagation: Nurserymen in many of the mango growing areas still use inarching, traditional method of propagation. During past few decades, experimental results have shown that veneer grafting technique can be used with high success rate in North India. Stone (epicotyl) grafting is suitable for Coastal regions. Now-adays softwood grafting is being used commercially for mango propagation in several parts of south India. Veneer grafting and soft wood grafting techniques should be used for large scale multiplication of mango all over the mango producing area. <strong>Resource</strong> <strong>Book</strong> on Horticulture Nursery Management : 137
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YASHWANTRAO CHAVAN MAHARASHTRA OPEN
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FUNDING ORGANIZATION: NATIONAL AGRI
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Unit 1: Introduction to Horticultur
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Some nurseries just replant young p
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drumsticks, Alocasia etc. Seedlings
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that specialize in a particular typ
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5. Road and Transport Once the nurs
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e interpreted as “commercial", "a
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Financial Resource
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1.4 Points to Remember � Plant pr
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2.2 Contents 2.2.1 Sexual and Asexu
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Maize Beans Difference between Mono
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fleshy fruits and also the tree and
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2.2.3 Vegetative Propagation Vegeta
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Characteristics for Good Media The
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Scion Scion is the part of mother p
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Securing the Bud with Polythene Bud
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Two methods of injuring the shoot c
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(D) Grafting Grafting is a method o
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This technique is applied both with
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Micro Propagation by using Ex-Plant
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Hardening of Chilli Plants Hardenin
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2.6 Do it Yourself 1. Enlist the cr
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material for media can be used alon
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are developed in the leaves due to
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5. Magnesium (Mg): There is general
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9. Zinc (Zn): There is yellow strip
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vii. Excess of Phosphorous in soil
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ii. As constituent of enzyme system
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8. Chelated Fe- EDTA: Fe- 12 % 9. Z
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4. Fertigation: Adequate dose of fe
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amount of nitrogen as microorganism
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3 High 19-26 S3 4 Very high >26 S4
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Micro-Irrigation above Soil Surface
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Green leaf Manure: It refers to inc
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Fertilizer: Any natural or manufact
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Unit 4: Plant Protections in Nurser
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4. Legal or Regulatory Method: This
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Pest Damage Management Leaf Miner L
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Temperature Effects The growing sea
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Chemical treatments of soil eradica
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the quality of marketable nursery p
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(D) Chemical Method: Weed managemen
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At present, more than 21,500 natura
Page 89 and 90: Microorganism Target pest/disease B
Page 91 and 92: Disadvantages Biopesticide: � It
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Page 95 and 96: Male moths attempting to locate the
Page 97 and 98: Viruses: A virus is a small infecti
Page 99 and 100: 5.2 Contents 5.2.1 Sanitation, Drai
Page 101 and 102: (b) Sub-Surface Drainage: A sub sur
Page 103 and 104: Potting of a Young Seedling B. Re-p
Page 105 and 106: D. Mulching in Nursery Mulching is
Page 107 and 108: Role of Plant Growth Regulators on
Page 109 and 110: usually low for easy rooting specie
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Page 113 and 114: apidly in these conditions. The int
Page 115 and 116: 2. Write the procedure of repotting
Page 117 and 118: 6.2 Content 6.2.1 Mass Scale Nurser
Page 119 and 120: placed in furrows at an interval of
Page 121 and 122: Sr. No. Crop Propagation Method Sea
Page 123 and 124: Rigid Panel Green House Shade Net H
Page 125 and 126: exposed wall area through which hea
Page 127 and 128: water is often too costly and may c
Page 129 and 130: 6.2.3 Input Management in Mass Plan
Page 131 and 132: calcium or magnesium can clog the n
Page 133 and 134: simultaneous. The gelling agents fr
Page 135 and 136: 10. Install a sprinkling system or
Page 137 and 138: Grafting: The process of inserting
Page 139: 7.2 Content 7.2.1 Demand and Supply
Page 143 and 144: Grafts tied and Secured with Polyth
Page 145 and 146: tightly to the wood, budding is usu
Page 147 and 148: (particularly in the drier areas) h
Page 149 and 150: In nursery, the cuttings are plante
Page 151 and 152: Coconut (Cocos nucifera) Mother Pal
Page 153 and 154: vegetable varieties. Nowadays many
Page 155 and 156: Sowing Seeds in Trays 2. Sow one se
Page 157 and 158: leaf mould and soil and watered. Th
Page 159 and 160: Depotting and Transplanting of Carn
Page 161 and 162: stages in micropropagation. In rose
Page 163 and 164: Gerbera Plantation in Polyhouse For
Page 165 and 166: 50% or 75% shade nets can be utiliz
Page 167 and 168: Marketing is systems that will make
Page 169 and 170: 7.6 Do It Your Self 1. Visit a frui
Page 171 and 172: 8.2 Content 8.2.1 Selection and Col
Page 173 and 174: 4. Edges: Lining and borders of flo
Page 175 and 176: . Succulents: Plants with very fles
Page 177 and 178: seedlings to other users, potential
Page 179 and 180: is limited. Cut the stem about ½ i
Page 181 and 182: Tip Layering Simple Layering: Bend
Page 183 and 184: ud and attending chip of bark and w
Page 185 and 186: various sizes. Seeding: The proper
Page 187 and 188: Plant Exhibition: A nursery plant e
Page 189 and 190: Commercial Display in Nursery The d
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However, they can also be located i
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Productivity Indicators 1. Value Pr
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Net Returns and Profitability 1. Ne
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� In Sexual propagation, seed ger
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9.2 Content 9.2.1 Selection and Pre
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transplanting in the field. When th
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mushroomed. All these establishment
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method is followed when the plants
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Fertilizer Requirements Plant Type
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Security from Theft: Plant library
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Sr. No. Common name Botanical name
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9 Caladium Caladium bicolor Tuber 1
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Common Name Botanical Name Flower C
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Common name Botanical name Propagat
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Tall Hedge Plant Duranta plumeri Ne
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Protective Tall Hedge Plants Sr Com
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Sr. No Common Name Botanical Name F
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Sr. Common Botanical No Name Name 3
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9.6 Do It Yourself 1. Select and co
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approach is to expand an existing f
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material, labels, pesticides, ferti
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Sr No Particulars Quantity Rate in
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lemongrass, khus etc are important
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The fruit grafts and seedlings are
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� Maharashtra Fruit Nursery Act 1
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Sr No Name of the Fruit Plant Type
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1. Support under State Department S
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profitability, control costs, reduc
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Sr No Crop Operation Physical Produ
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30 per plant, however if the mango
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Debit Side Name of Account Credit S
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for the project, tells us about the
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plants, consultancy or sale of vari
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6. Entrepreneurs take immediate fee
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8. Plant Libraries: The plant libra
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Break Even Point: The break-even po
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References 1. The pot-in-pot produc
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