Resource Book on Horticulture Nursery Management

Green leaf Manure: It refers to incorporation of green twigs and leaves collected
from shrubs and tree grown on bunds, wasteland and forests. e.g. Karanj, Neem,
Glyricidia. On dry weight basis the nitrogen content of green leaf manure crop various
from above 1.5-2.5%.
Ex-situ Organic Manuring
Livestock and Human Waste: Cattle and buffalo dung and urine (FYM), other
livestock and human excreta, byproduct of slotter house and animal carcass such as
blood, meat, bones, horns, hooves, leather and hair waste.
Crop Residues Tree Waste and Aquatic Weeds: Crop waste of cereals, pulses and
oil seeds, stalks of corn, cotton, tobacco, sugarcane, trash leaves of jute, arecanut, forest
litter. Crop residue average contains 0.5% N, 0.6% P and 1.5% K.
Urban and Rural Waste: Urban and Rural solid waste Compost and urban liquid
waste as sewage and sludge contain an average of 0.5-1.0 N, 0.4-0.8 P, 0.8-1.2 K
Agro Industrial Byproducts: Oil cake (3.0-7.0% N, 1.5-3.0% P, 1.5-2.5% K),
paddy husk, saw dust, bagasse and press mud, fruit and vegetable waste, cotton, wool and
silk waste, and tea, coconut, tobacco waste.
2. Inorganic Fertilizers
Nutrient needs of improved cultivars demand addition of large quantities of plant
nutrient due to their high yield potential. Organic manures and biofertilizers are incapable
of meeting the entire nutrient requirement of the plants individually. It is very necessary
to tap all the available sources of nutrients in order to fulfill the entire nutrient
requirement of the plants. Inorganic fertilizers play a vital role in satisfying the nutrient
requirement of the plants.
It has been adequately established that the efficiency of inorganic fertilizer can be
greatly increased through its integration with organic manure. Increasing efficiency of
applied fertilizer through its integration with organic manure therefore appears to be an
ideal way for sustained crop production.
3. Biofertilizers
Preparations containing live or latent cells of efficient strains of nitrogen fixing,
phosphorus solubalizing or cellulytic microorganisms. Biofertilizers are used for
application to seed, soil or composting with objective of increasing the numbers such
microorganisms and accelerate microbial processes. To augment the extent of the
availability of nutrient in a form that can be easily assimilated by plants.
Advantages of Biofertilizers
� Reasonably eco friendly method which are compatible with chemical fertilizers.
� The beneficial effect of VAM on plant growth as mostly attributed to an increase in
the uptake of nutrients especially phosphorus and result in enhancing the crop growth
and increasing the yield.
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