Buku Prosiding Seminar Nasional Tahun 2012 - ELEKTRO ...

More documents

Recommendations

Info

EM | 14NR gagal mencapai nilai konvergen. Metode ini dapatdiajukan untuk perencanaan dan rekonfigurasi sistemterutama untuk menghitung nilai PV bus melalui analisaaliran daya 3-fasa menggunakan metode direct- ZZ BBBBpada sistem distribusi.DaftarPustaka.1. Stott, B., Decoupled Newton Load Flow. PowerApparatus and Systems, IEEE Transactions on, 1972.PAS-91(5): p. 1955-1959.2. Stott, B. and O. Alsac, Fast Decoupled Load Flow.Power Apparatus and Systems, IEEE Transactionson, 1974. PAS-93(3): p. 859-869.3. W.H.Kersting, Distribution System Modeling andAnalysis. 2002: CRC Press.4. Tsai-Hsiang Chen, N.-C.y., Loop frame of basedthree-phase power flow for unbalanced radialdistribution systems. Electric Power SystemsResearch, 2010. 80: p. 799-806.5. AlHajri, M.F. and M.E. El-Hawary, Exploiting theRadial Distribution Structure in Developing a Fastand Flexible Radial Power Flow for UnbalancedThree-Phase Networks. Power Delivery, IEEETransactions on, 2010. 25(1): p. 378-389.6. Chen, T.H. and N.C. Yang, Three-phase power-flowby direct Z BR method for unbalanced radialdistribution systems. Generation, Transmission &Distribution, IET, 2009. 3(10): p. 903-910.7. Jong-Bae, P., et al., An Improved Particle SwarmOptimization for Nonconvex Economic DispatchProblems. Power Systems, IEEE Transactions on,2010. 25(1): p. 156-166.8. Abdel-Akher, M., K.M. Nor, and A.H.A. Rashid,Improved Three-Phase Power-Flow Methods UsingSequence Components. Power Systems, IEEETransactions on, 2005. 20(3): p. 1389-1397.9. Moghaddas-Tafreshi, S.M. and E. Mashhour,Distributed generation modeling for power flowstudies and a three-phase unbalanced power flowsolution for radial distribution systems consideringdistributed generation. Electric Power SystemsResearch, 2009. 79(4): p. 680-686.10. Stagg, G.W., Computer Methods in Power SystemAnalysis. 1968 McGraw-Hill.11. Kennedy, J. and R. Eberhart. Particle swarmoptimization. in Neural Networks, 1995.Proceedings., IEEE International Conference on.1995.12. Eberhart, R. and J. Kennedy. A new optimizer usingparticle swarm theory. in Micro Machine andHuman Science, 1995. MHS '95., Proceedings of theSixth International Symposium on. 1995.ISBN: 978-602-97832-0-9SNTE-2012
EM | 15PERUBAHAN JARAK ELEKTRODA TERHADAP ARUS LISTRIK DANKADAR MINYAK SERTA LEMAK PADA PENGOLAHAN AIR LIMBAHSECARA ELEKTROKOAGULASISutantoJurusan Teknik Elektro, Politeknik Negeri Jakarta, Kampus UI, Depok16425E-mail : stanto09@gmail.comABSTRAKKadar Air limbah yang dibuang ke lingkungan memilki kadar polutan organik dan anorganik yang berbeda antarajenis air limbah satu dengan yang lain. Kadar polutan organik dan anorganik dalam air limbah sebelum dibuangkelingkungan sebaiknya dijaga pada ambang batas yang aman. Berdasarkan Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan RI No416/Menkes/Per/IX/1990 disebutkan bahwa untuk keamanan lingkungan, dipersyaratkan bahwa kadar maksimumpolutan dalam air limbah masing-masing adalah: 1,0 mg/l untuk besi (Fe), 0,5 mg/l untuk mangan (Mn), 500 mg/luntuk kesadahan (CaCO 3 ), 0,05 mg/l untuk arsen (As), 200 mg/l untuk natrium (Na) dan 0,5 mg/l untuk timbal (Pb)dan 10 mg/l untuk minyak dan lemak. Jika kadar minyak dan lemak lebih dari 10 mg/l, maka air limbah harusdiolah sedemikian rupa sampai memenuhi standar Menteri Kesehatan RI. Salah satu proses pengolahan yangdilakukan dalam penelitian ini adalah penerapan metode elektrokagulasi. Penelitian dilakukan dengan mengalirkanair limbah sebanyak 4,5 liter kedalam bak proses yang telah dipasang elektroda aluminium masing-masingberukuran dengan jarak 1 cm. Proses elektrokoagulasi dijalankan pada tegangan DC 12 V dan waktu pengamatan10 menit. Arus listrik yang mengalir diukur dengan amper meter dan kadar minyak serta lemak dianalisis secaragravimetri. Penelitian selanjutnya dilakukan dengan mengubah jarak antara elektroda 1, 3,5,7,9,11,13 dan 15 cm,sedangkan tegangan dipertahankan 12 V dan waktu pengamatan 10 menit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwasemakin pendek jarak antara elektroda terjadi peningkatan arus listrik dan penurunan kadar minyak serta lemak.Pada jarak elektroda paling pendek (1 cm) arus menunjukkan 0,7 amper dan terjadi penurunan kadar minyak sertalemak dari 20 mg /L menjadi 12,6 mg/L atau setara dengan 36,5 %.ABSTRACTCHANGE OF DISTANCE OF ELECTRODE TO ELECTRIC CURRENT AND OIL AND FAT CONTENTIN WASTE WATER TREATMENT USING ELECTROCOAGULATION PROCESS The content of organicand inorganic pollutants in waste water discharged to the environment is always different from the waste water toone another. The content of organic and inorganic pollutants in waste water prior to discharge into the environmentshould be kept at safe levels.Based on the Regulation of the Minister of Health of Indonesia No416/Menkes/Per/IX/1990 mentioned that the safe levels to environment for maximum content of pollutants in wastewater are: 1.0 mg / l for iron (Fe), 0.5 mg / l for manganese (Mn), 500 mg/l for hardness (CaCO 3 ), 05 for arsenic(As), 200 mg / l for sodium (Na) and 0.5 mg / l for lead and 10 mg/l for oil and fat. If the oil and fat content inexcess of 10 mg/L, then the the waste water must be treated until approach the standards of the Minister of Healthof the Republic Indonesia. One of the processing carried out in this research is to apply the electrocoagulationprocess. The research carried out by flowing waste water of 4.5 liters into the tanks process that has been installedaluminum as electrode with distance of 1 cm. Electrocoagulation process is run at a voltage of 12 V DC and 10minutes observation time.The flow of electric current is measured using the ampere meter, and oil and fat contentwere analyzed gravimetrically. For further research carried out by changing the distance between the electrodes are1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13 and 15 cm while the voltage is maintained 12 V and 10-minute observation period. Researchresults show that the shorter the distance between the electrodes causes an increase in electrical current anddecreased levels of oil and fat content.The electrical current shows 0.7 amperes at the distance between theelectrodes are 1 cm and decreased oil and fat content from 20 mg / L to 12.6 mg/ L or equal to 36.5 %.SNTE-2012 ISBN: 978-602-97832-0-9
Page 1 and 2:
SNTE-2012 POLITEKNIK NEGERI JAKARTA
Page 3 and 4:
Page 5 and 6:
Page 7 and 8:
Page 9 and 10:
Page 11 and 12:
Page 13 and 14:
Page 15 and 16:
TE | 1PERANCANGAN GRAPHICAL USER IN
Page 17 and 18:
TE | 3Gambar 5 fungsi keanggotaan d
Page 19 and 20:
TE | 5• E_Z dan DE_Z• E_PS dan
Page 21 and 22:
TE | 7DATA LOGGER SENSOR SUHU BERBA
Page 23 and 24:
TE | 9digunakan dan ditinggalkan un
Page 25 and 26:
TE | 11Pengujian ini juga dilakukan
Page 27 and 28:
TE | 13INSTRUMEN PENGUJIAN BUTA WAR
Page 29 and 30:
TE | 15b. Deutanopia adalah ganggua
Page 31 and 32:
TE | 172. Operating System : Window
Page 33 and 34:
TE | 19Tes kedua adalah tes farnswo
Page 35 and 36:
TE | 21DAFTAR PUSTAKA[1]. Birch, J.
Page 37 and 38:
TE | 232004). FPGA memiliki 3 kompo
Page 39 and 40:
TE | 25yang terdiri dari 9 citra wa
Page 41 and 42:
TE | 27MODEL SISTEM KONTROL PEMILAH
Page 43 and 44:
TE | 29energi mekanik berlangsung m
Page 45 and 46:
TE | 31- Panjang : 4 cm, 6 cm, 8 cm
Page 47 and 48:
TE | 33motor pendorong tidak aktif.
Page 49 and 50:
IMPLEMENTASI KONTROL OTOMASITISASI
Page 51 and 52:
TE | 37Rangkaian transistor sebagai
Page 53 and 54:
TE | 39untuk mengetahui besarnya te
Page 55 and 56:
TE | 41kecepatan yang semakin menuj
Page 57 and 58:
TE | 43Proses implementasi dari sis
Page 59 and 60:
TE | 45• Post mortem review, meng
Page 61 and 62:
TE | 47terdapat pada dialog box ter
Page 63 and 64:
T L | 1KONVERTER AC-DC TIGA FASA TE
Page 65 and 66:
T L | 3frekuensi. Panel kontrol dit
Page 67 and 68:
T L | 5THDAlpha( α )ESS20 75,73 -2
Page 69 and 70:
T L | 7ANALISA DGA TERHADAP KINERJA
Page 71 and 72:
T L | 9a. ONAN : Oil Natural Air Na
Page 73 and 74:
T L | 11Menentukan himpunan dariset
Page 75 and 76:
T L | 13Pada himpunan fuzzy nilai k
Page 77 and 78:
T L | 15beroperasi terhubung dengan
Page 79 and 80:
T L | 17Gambar 6.(a) Zeta-Cuk based
Page 81 and 82:
T L | 196. Pengujian Parallel UPS d
Page 83 and 84:
T L | 21[9.] Chien Liang Chen, Jih-
Page 85 and 86:
T L | 23sudah cukup untuk memenuhi
Page 87 and 88:
T L | 25Gambar 3: Tampak atas penem
Page 89 and 90:
T L | 27Skenario berikutnya adalah
Page 91 and 92:
TL | 29RANCANGAN DAN UJICOBA PROTOT
Page 93 and 94:
TL | 31keluar dipasang turbin air y
Page 95 and 96:
TL | 33BASELINE ENERGY USE BASED RE
Page 97 and 98:
TL | 35representing 36% of total nu
Page 99 and 100:
TL | 37collected from the survey. F
Page 101 and 102:
TL | 39cukup diproteksi oleh satu a
Page 103 and 104:
TL | 41Ketidak seimbangan arus pada
Page 105 and 106:
TL | 43EFISIENSI ENERGI LISTRIK MEN
Page 107 and 108:
TL | 45yang dirangkai secara seri p
Page 109 and 110:
TI | 1RANCANGAN SISTEM INFORMASI PE
Page 111 and 112:
TI | 3buku - buku terbaru sehingga
Page 113 and 114:
TI | 535, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, 5
Page 115 and 116:
TI | 7Tabel 2. Kuantifikasiselhasil
Page 117 and 118:
T I | 9ANALISIS SISTEM PENDUKUNG KE
Page 119 and 120:
T I | 11z*∑j=1=n∑j=1ISBN: 978-6
Page 121 and 122:
TI | 13PERANCANGAN ANTENA MIKROSTRI
Page 123 and 124:
TI | 15Untuk aplikasi pada sistem k
Page 125 and 126:
TI | 17Tabel 6 Analisa Pengaruh Per
Page 127 and 128:
TI | 19Gain (dB)Gambar 9 Grafik Per
Page 129 and 130:
TI | 21nilai return loss -10 dB pad
Page 131 and 132:
T I | 23KAJIAN PEMILIHAN CIRI SEQUE
Page 133 and 134:
T I | 25maka keluarkan ciri tersebu
Page 135 and 136:
T I | 272. Citra daerah Kalimantan
Page 137 and 138:
T I | 292. Untuk 2 data citra Radar
Page 139 and 140:
T I | 31QRCode adalah sebuah bentuk
Page 141 and 142:
T I | 33EMAN Flash Account. Penguji
Page 143 and 144:
T I | 35untuk mengelola data pemoho
Page 145 and 146:
T I | 37STARTid_kat_beasiswa int(4)
Page 147 and 148:
T I | 39Jurusan akan membuka halama
Page 149 and 150:
T I | 41memberikan beasiswa. Submen
Page 151 and 152:
T I | 43‘Lunas’ apabila peserta
Page 153 and 154:
T I | 45RANCANG BANGUN MULTIBAND BA
Page 155 and 156:
T I | 47diperlukan modifikasi konfi
Page 157 and 158:
T I | 49frekuesi tengahnya sebesar
Page 159 and 160:
T I | 51mengalami pergeseran nilai.
Page 161 and 162:
T I | 532. Metode PenelitianLangkah
Page 163 and 164:
T I | 5571,228.07,260612,,*21$GPRMC
Page 165 and 166: T I | 574. SimpulanMonitoring posis
Page 167 and 168: T I | 59memperbaiki citra dengan ca
Page 169 and 170: T I | 61Untuk setiap citra uji dila
Page 171 and 172: T I | 63[2] W. Sulistyo. Yos, R.B.
Page 173 and 174: T I | 65komputasi paralel. Sebagian
Page 175 and 176: T I | 67disusun ke dalam rak memben
Page 177 and 178: T I | 69ParameterData CenterServerS
Page 179 and 180: T I | 71server, dan proses komputas
Page 181 and 182: T I | 73SISTEM PREDIKSI MAHASISWA D
Page 183 and 184: T I | 75a. Penghasilan orang tua di
Page 185 and 186: T I | 7710,50,250MUDA PAROBAYA TUA2
Page 187 and 188: TI | 791,2APLIKASI E-LEARNING KRYPT
Page 189 and 190: TI | 81file audio dan video dan uru
Page 191 and 192: TI | 833. Dapat membantu pengguna d
Page 193 and 194: TI | 85bahasa script PHP secara tam
Page 195 and 196: TI | 873. ANALISIS DAN PERANCANGANS
Page 197 and 198: TI | 894.8 Tampilan Menu Log Off[6]
Page 199 and 200: TI | 91....... (1)R’= (4/3) x R .
Page 201 and 202: TI | 93ekstraksi ground clutter yan
Page 203 and 204: EM | 1ANALISIS SIMULASI UNTUK MEMPR
Page 205 and 206: EM | 31H ( iΩ) =m(7)k 2- Ω + irΩ
Page 207 and 208: EM | 5sebelumnya yaitu Chang, dkk,
Page 209 and 210: EM | 7INTEGRASI SUMBER RENEWABLE EN
Page 211 and 212: EM | 9Tegangan branch (VV BBBB ) di
Page 213 and 214: EM | 113. Simulasi pada kondisi PQ
Page 215: EM | 13Mag. (p.u.)1.510.503ZBR-PSO
Page 219 and 220: EM | 17yang digunakan pada proses e
Page 221 and 222: EM | 193. Hasil dan PembahasanPada
Page 223 and 224: EM | 21Penelitian, Jurusan Teknik E
Page 225 and 226: HU | 2usaha membela negara melalui
Page 227 and 228: Penjelasan:Kategori 1: pedagogik ko
Page 229 and 230: HU | 6Faktor Eskternal1) Kemajuan t
Page 231 and 232: Tabel 6: Rancangan Pembelajaran Pen
show all

Buku Prosiding Seminar Nasional Tahun 2012 - ELEKTRO ...

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?