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Buku Prosiding Seminar Nasional Tahun 2012 - ELEKTRO ...

Buku Prosiding Seminar Nasional Tahun 2012 - ELEKTRO ...

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EM | 15PERUBAHAN JARAK <strong>ELEKTRO</strong>DA TERHADAP ARUS LISTRIK DANKADAR MINYAK SERTA LEMAK PADA PENGOLAHAN AIR LIMBAHSECARA <strong>ELEKTRO</strong>KOAGULASISutantoJurusan Teknik Elektro, Politeknik Negeri Jakarta, Kampus UI, Depok16425E-mail : stanto09@gmail.comABSTRAKKadar Air limbah yang dibuang ke lingkungan memilki kadar polutan organik dan anorganik yang berbeda antarajenis air limbah satu dengan yang lain. Kadar polutan organik dan anorganik dalam air limbah sebelum dibuangkelingkungan sebaiknya dijaga pada ambang batas yang aman. Berdasarkan Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan RI No416/Menkes/Per/IX/1990 disebutkan bahwa untuk keamanan lingkungan, dipersyaratkan bahwa kadar maksimumpolutan dalam air limbah masing-masing adalah: 1,0 mg/l untuk besi (Fe), 0,5 mg/l untuk mangan (Mn), 500 mg/luntuk kesadahan (CaCO 3 ), 0,05 mg/l untuk arsen (As), 200 mg/l untuk natrium (Na) dan 0,5 mg/l untuk timbal (Pb)dan 10 mg/l untuk minyak dan lemak. Jika kadar minyak dan lemak lebih dari 10 mg/l, maka air limbah harusdiolah sedemikian rupa sampai memenuhi standar Menteri Kesehatan RI. Salah satu proses pengolahan yangdilakukan dalam penelitian ini adalah penerapan metode elektrokagulasi. Penelitian dilakukan dengan mengalirkanair limbah sebanyak 4,5 liter kedalam bak proses yang telah dipasang elektroda aluminium masing-masingberukuran dengan jarak 1 cm. Proses elektrokoagulasi dijalankan pada tegangan DC 12 V dan waktu pengamatan10 menit. Arus listrik yang mengalir diukur dengan amper meter dan kadar minyak serta lemak dianalisis secaragravimetri. Penelitian selanjutnya dilakukan dengan mengubah jarak antara elektroda 1, 3,5,7,9,11,13 dan 15 cm,sedangkan tegangan dipertahankan 12 V dan waktu pengamatan 10 menit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwasemakin pendek jarak antara elektroda terjadi peningkatan arus listrik dan penurunan kadar minyak serta lemak.Pada jarak elektroda paling pendek (1 cm) arus menunjukkan 0,7 amper dan terjadi penurunan kadar minyak sertalemak dari 20 mg /L menjadi 12,6 mg/L atau setara dengan 36,5 %.ABSTRACTCHANGE OF DISTANCE OF ELECTRODE TO ELECTRIC CURRENT AND OIL AND FAT CONTENTIN WASTE WATER TREATMENT USING ELECTROCOAGULATION PROCESS The content of organicand inorganic pollutants in waste water discharged to the environment is always different from the waste water toone another. The content of organic and inorganic pollutants in waste water prior to discharge into the environmentshould be kept at safe levels.Based on the Regulation of the Minister of Health of Indonesia No416/Menkes/Per/IX/1990 mentioned that the safe levels to environment for maximum content of pollutants in wastewater are: 1.0 mg / l for iron (Fe), 0.5 mg / l for manganese (Mn), 500 mg/l for hardness (CaCO 3 ), 05 for arsenic(As), 200 mg / l for sodium (Na) and 0.5 mg / l for lead and 10 mg/l for oil and fat. If the oil and fat content inexcess of 10 mg/L, then the the waste water must be treated until approach the standards of the Minister of Healthof the Republic Indonesia. One of the processing carried out in this research is to apply the electrocoagulationprocess. The research carried out by flowing waste water of 4.5 liters into the tanks process that has been installedaluminum as electrode with distance of 1 cm. Electrocoagulation process is run at a voltage of 12 V DC and 10minutes observation time.The flow of electric current is measured using the ampere meter, and oil and fat contentwere analyzed gravimetrically. For further research carried out by changing the distance between the electrodes are1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13 and 15 cm while the voltage is maintained 12 V and 10-minute observation period. Researchresults show that the shorter the distance between the electrodes causes an increase in electrical current anddecreased levels of oil and fat content.The electrical current shows 0.7 amperes at the distance between theelectrodes are 1 cm and decreased oil and fat content from 20 mg / L to 12.6 mg/ L or equal to 36.5 %.SNTE-<strong>2012</strong> ISBN: 978-602-97832-0-9

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