zogadi da araorganuli qimia nawili meore (qimiuri elementebi)
zogadi da araorganuli qimia nawili meore (qimiuri elementebi)
zogadi da araorganuli qimia nawili meore (qimiuri elementebi)
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Mn +2 -is marilebis wyalxsnarebze amoniumis sulfidis moqmedebiT<br />
gamoiyofa MnS•xH2O-is xorcisferi amorfuli naleqi, romelic haerze<br />
<strong>da</strong>yovnebisas, haeris JangbadiT <strong>da</strong>Jangvis gamo, mura fers iRebs:<br />
MnS + O2 + 2H2O → Mn(OH)4 + S<br />
manganumis naerTebi +3 JangviTi ricxviT: Mn +3 -is naerTebi<strong>da</strong>n<br />
cnobilia bunebrivi minerali brauniti _ Mn2O3 <strong>da</strong> MnF3. es ukanaskneli<br />
miiReba ori xerxiT:<br />
1. Mn2O3-ze HF-is moqmedebiT:<br />
Mn2O3 + 6HF → 2MnF3 + 3H2O<br />
2. MnF2-is fToriT <strong>da</strong>JangviT:<br />
MnF3 wyliT iSleba:<br />
2MnF2 +F2 → 2MnF3<br />
2MnF3 + 2H2O → MnO2 + MnF2 + 4HF<br />
MnF3-is SenarCuneba xerxdeba mxolod fTorwyalbadmJavas (mlRobi<br />
mJava) areSi.<br />
MnF3 tute metalebis fToridebiT anionur kompleqsebad gar<strong>da</strong>iqmneba:<br />
KF + MnF3 → K[MnF4]<br />
amave dros SeiZleba warmoiqmnas K2[MnF6]-ic.<br />
manganumis naerTebi +4 JangviTi ricxviT: bunebrivi minerali<br />
piroluziti anu manganumis dioqsidi − MnO2, manganumis naerTebs Soris<br />
yvelaze mniSvnelovani <strong>da</strong> <strong>qimiuri</strong> reagentebis mimarT mdgradi naerTia.<br />
Cveulebriv pirobebSi masze arc mJavebi moqmedebs <strong>da</strong> arc tuteebi. MnO2<br />
mJava oqsidis bunebas avlens tuteebTan <strong>da</strong> fuZe oqsidebTan maRal<br />
temperaturaze SelRobisas:<br />
MnO2 + CaO → CaMnO3<br />
manganumis dioqsidze ganzavebuli mJavebi ar moqmedebs. cxeli konc.<br />
marilmJava <strong>da</strong> gogirdmJavasTan reagirebs JangviTi ricxvis cvlilebiT,<br />
sa<strong>da</strong>c gamodis mJangavis rolSi:<br />
MnO2 + 4HCl → MnCl2 + Cl2 + 2H2O<br />
2MnO2 + 2H2SO4 → 2 MnSO4 + O2 + 2H2O<br />
xsnarSi Mn +4 ionebi ar arsebobs. MnO2, rogorc iafi mJangavi<br />
teqnikaSi farTod gamoiyeneba. Zlieri mJangavebis moqmedebiT ki Tavad<br />
iJangeba:<br />
3MnO2 + KClO3 + 6KOH t<br />
3K2MnO4 + KCl + 3H2O azotmJava MnO2-ze ar moqmedebs. aRmdgenis Tanaobisas ki warmoiqmneba<br />
Mn(NO3)2.<br />
rogorc cnobilia, MnO2 gamoiyeneba zogierTi reaqciis katalizatorad.<br />
wyalbadis peroqsidis <strong>da</strong>Sla:<br />
2H2O2 → 2H2O + O2<br />
berToles marilis <strong>da</strong>Sla:<br />
2KClO 3<br />
2KCl + 3O 2<br />
mJava areSi ki wyalbadis peroqsidi reaqciaSi Sedis MnO2-Tan,<br />
rogorc aRmdgeni:<br />
MnO2 + H2O2 + H2SO4 → MnSO4 + O2 + 2H2O<br />
manganumis naerTebi +6 JangviTi ricxviT: Mn +6 ramdenadme<br />
stabiluria [MnO4] 2- saxiT. am ionebis SenarCuneba xdeba xsnarSi tutis<br />
siWarbisas, sxva SemTxvevaSi ganicdis disproporcionirebas:<br />
3K2MnO4 + 2H2O 2KMnO4 + MnO2 + 4KOH<br />
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