zogadi da araorganuli qimia nawili meore (qimiuri elementebi)
zogadi da araorganuli qimia nawili meore (qimiuri elementebi)
zogadi da araorganuli qimia nawili meore (qimiuri elementebi)
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<strong>qimiuri</strong> Tvisebebi: gogirdis(IV) oqsidi, rogorc mJava oqsidia,<br />
reaqciaSi Sedis wyalTan, fuZe <strong>da</strong> amfoterul oqsidebTan. tuteebTan ori<br />
tipis marilebs warmoqmnis _ sulfitebs <strong>da</strong> hidrosulfitebs:<br />
SO2 + 2NaOH → Na2SO3 + H2O<br />
SO2 + NaOH → NaHSO3<br />
gogirdis (IV) oqsidi avlens rogorc mJangav ise aRmdgen bunebas:<br />
SO2 + 2H2S → 3S↓ + 2H2O<br />
SO2 + 2H2O + Cl2 → H2SO4 + 2HCl<br />
Jangbadi mas Jangavs SO3-is warmoqmniT (katalizatorebis Tanaobisas),<br />
rac gogirdmJavas warmoebis mniSvnelovani stadiaa:<br />
2SO 2 + O 2<br />
gogirdis(IV) oqsidis wyalxsnari saSualo siZlieris orfuZiani<br />
mJavaa − H2SO3 (gogirdovanmJava, aramdgradia, advilad iSleba SO2-ad <strong>da</strong><br />
wylad), warmoqmnis sulfitebs <strong>da</strong> hidrosulfitebs (aRmdgenebia). sulfitebi<br />
gaxurebiT disproporcionirdebian:<br />
4Na2SO3 → Na2S + 3Na2SO4<br />
mJangavebiT SO3 2- ionebi advilad iJangeba SO4 2- ionebad, sulfit-ionis<br />
sakmaod Zlier aRmdgen unars qvemoT mocemuli sqemiT misi gar<strong>da</strong>qmnis<br />
siadvile gansazRvravs:<br />
SO3 2- + 2OH - _ 2e → SO4 2- + HOH, E = 0,93 v<br />
gogirdis(IV) oqsidi kargi teqnikuri antiseptikuri <strong>da</strong> antimikrobuli<br />
saSualebaa _ advilad spobs lpobis <strong>da</strong> obis gamomwvev<br />
sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva mikroorganizmebs (iyeneben, mag., bostneulis Sesanaxad, maTi<br />
lpobis Tavi<strong>da</strong>n asacileblad, agreTve Rvinis kasrebSi obis mosaspobad).<br />
gogirdis(IV) oqsids iyeneben qsovilebis <strong>da</strong> teqnikuri nakeTobebis<br />
<strong>da</strong>samzadeblad gamiznuli bambukis <strong>da</strong> Calis gasauferuleblad.<br />
gogirdis naerTebi +6 JangviTi ricxviT: naerTebs gogirdis +6<br />
JangviTi ricxviT miekuTvneba SF 6, SOF4, SO2Hal2, SO3, H2SO4 <strong>da</strong> misi marilebi.<br />
SF 6 mdgradi (S_F bmis energia sakmaod maRalia), airadi nivTierebaa,<br />
gamoirCeva maRali <strong>qimiuri</strong> inertulobiT _ mdgradia wylis, mJavebis <strong>da</strong><br />
tuteebis moqmedebis mimarT. SF 6 dens ar atarebs <strong>da</strong> gamoiyeneba, rogorc<br />
airadi izolatori.<br />
SO3, pirobebis mixedviT, SeiZleba iyos airad, Txevad <strong>da</strong> myar<br />
agregatul mdgomareobaSi. Cveulebriv pirobebSi SO3 airia (nax. 8a),<br />
romlis kondensaciiT warmoiqmneba aqroladi siTxe. Txevadi SO3 cikluri<br />
trimeria (nax. 8b), xolo myari _ zigzagiseburi jaWvis mqone xazovani<br />
oligomeria (SO3)n, romlis jaWvis fragmentis aRnagoba mocemulia nax. 8g.<br />
O<br />
O<br />
S<br />
(a)<br />
O<br />
SO 3<br />
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