zogadi da araorganuli qimia nawili meore (qimiuri elementebi)
zogadi da araorganuli qimia nawili meore (qimiuri elementebi)
zogadi da araorganuli qimia nawili meore (qimiuri elementebi)
Create successful ePaper yourself
Turn your PDF publications into a flip-book with our unique Google optimized e-Paper software.
cxrili 16. kompleqsuri ionebis mdgradobis konstantebi<br />
kompleqsuri ionebi mdgradobis konstantebi<br />
[PdCl4] 2-<br />
15.5<br />
[PdBr4] 2-<br />
13.1<br />
[PdI4] 2-<br />
25.0<br />
- [PtCl4] 2<br />
16.0<br />
[PtBr4] 2-<br />
20.5<br />
[PdI 4] 2 - 30.0<br />
cnobilia, agreTve kompleqsebi, romlebSic Pt(II) <strong>da</strong> Pd(II) erTdroulad<br />
Sedian kationis <strong>da</strong> anionis SedgenilobaSi. es naerTebi<br />
advilad miiReba gamosavali naerTebis xsnarebis SereviT:<br />
[Pt(NH3) 4]Cl2 + K2[PtCl4] [Pt(NH3) 4][PtCl4] + 2KCl<br />
kationur <strong>da</strong> anionur kompleqsebTan erTad Pd(II) <strong>da</strong> Pt(II)-saTvis<br />
<strong>da</strong>maxasiaTebelia sakmaod mravalferovani neitraluri kompleqsebic.<br />
[E(NH3)2X2] (X=Cl - , Br - , NO2 - ) am tipis naerTebisaTvis <strong>da</strong>maxasiaTebelia cistrans<br />
izomeria. mag., [Pt(NH3)2Cl2] Seesabameba ori sruliad gansxvavebuli<br />
Tvisebebis naerTi narinjisferi cis-izomeri <strong>da</strong> yviTeli trans-izomeri.<br />
cis-izomers trans-izomerisagan gansxvavebiT mkveTrad gamoxatuli<br />
avTvisebiani simsivnis sawinaaRmdego fiziologiuri aqtiuroba<br />
axasiaTebs. arsebiTad gansxvavdeba maTi miRebis meTodebic.<br />
K2[PtCl4] + 2NH3 [Pt(NH3) 2Cl2] + 2KCl<br />
cis-izomeri<br />
[Pt(NH3) 4Cl2] + 2HCl [Pt(NH3) 2Cl2] + 2NH4Cl trans-izomeri<br />
cis-forma polarulia, μ>0, trans-forma ki arapolaruli μ=0.<br />
cis- <strong>da</strong> trans-formebi qmnian wonasworul sistemas, romlis dipoluri<br />
momentis mniSvnelobac aCvenebs am sistemaSi trans izomeris siWarbes,<br />
rac entropiuli faqtoriT un<strong>da</strong> iyos ganpirobebuli. (trans-izomeris<br />
SemTxvevaSi gamxsnelis arasolvatirebuli molekulebis ricxvi<br />
iqneba ufro didi).<br />
aRniSnuli kompleqsebis Seswavlisas Cerniaevi mivi<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>skvnamde, rom<br />
trans-mdgomareobaSi myofi ligandebis reaqciisunarianoba xSir<br />
SemTxvevaSi izrdeba <strong>da</strong> amave dros sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva ligandis trans-gavlena<br />
sxva<strong>da</strong>sxvaa. Cerniaevma Camoayaliba trans-gavlenis principi, romlis<br />
mixedviTac, zogierTi ligandi zrdis masTan trans-mdgomareobaSi myofi<br />
ligandis Canacvlebis unars. eqsperimentiT <strong>da</strong>dgenilia Pt(II)-is naerTebisaTvis<br />
ligandTa trans-gavlenis zrdis aseTi Tanmimdevroba:<br />
H2O < NH3 < OH- < Cl- < Bi < SCN- A<br />
B<br />
Pt<br />
I- - -<br />
< NO2 < CO < CN<br />
Cl +NH3 Cl -Cl- A<br />
Pt<br />
B<br />
A-s trans-gavlena aRemateba B-s trans gavlenas.<br />
Tu reaqcia wava aseTi mimarTulebiT:<br />
Cl<br />
NH 3<br />
165
Change language