More documents

Recommendations

Info

ÄÈÌÅÐÈÇÀÖÈß ÝÒÈËÅÍÀ ÍÀ ÃÅÒÅÐÎÃÅÍÈÇÈÐÎÂÀÍÍÛÕ ÊÎÌÏËÅÊÑÀÕ Ni(0), ÏÎËÓ×ÅÍÍÛÕ ÌÅÒÎÄÎÌ ÊÎÎÐÄÈÍÀÖÈÎÍÍÎÃÎ ÑÂßÇÛÂÀÍÈß Ìóíøèåâà Ì.Ê., Òàãèåâ Ä.Á., Àáäóëëàåâà Ô.À. Èíñòèòóò õèìè÷åñêèõ ïðîáëåì Íàöèîíàëüíîé Àêàäåìèè íàóê Àçåðáàéäæàíà, Áàêó, Àçåðáàéäæàí E-mail: chem@dcacs.ab.az Ñèíòåçèðîâàí ãåòåðîãåíèçèðîâàííûé ìåòàëëîêîìïëåêñ íóëüâàëåíòíîãî íèêåëÿ ëèãàíäíûì îáìåíîì ìåæäó òðèôåíèëôîñôèíîâûì è ãåêñàýòèëòðèàìèäîôîñôèíîâûì êîìïëåêñàìè Ni(0) è õèìè÷åñêè ìîäèôèöèðîâàííûì íîñèòåëåì – êðåìíåçåìîì, ñîäåðæàùèì êîìïëåêñîîáðàçóþùóþ ãðóïïèðîâêó – N(PR 2 ) 2 , ãäå R = C 6 H 5 èëè –N(C 2 H 5 ) 2 . Èññëåäîâàíà åãî êàòàëèòè÷åñêàÿ àêòèâíîñòü â îëèãîìåðèçàöèè ýòèëåíà. Ãåòåðîãåíèçèðîâàííûå êîìïëåêñû ïåðåõîäíûõ ìåòàëëîâ, îáëàäàÿ âàæíåéøèìè ñâîéñòâàìè ãîìîãåííûõ êàòàëèçàòîðîâ – âûñîêîé àêòèâíîñòüþ è ñåëåêòèâíîñòüþ ïðîöåññîâ â ìÿãêèõ óñëîâèÿõ, õàðàêòåðèçóþòñÿ ïîâûøåííîé ñòàáèëüíîñòüþ è òåõíîëîãè÷íîñòüþ, ÷òî îòëè÷àåò ãåòåðîãåííûå ñèñòåìû. Ãåòåðîãåíèçèðîâàííûå êîìïëåêñû Ni(0) ïîëó÷àëè ëèãàíäíûì îáìåíîì ìåæäó òðèôåíèëôîñôèíîâûì è ãåêñàýòèëòðèàìèäîôîñôèíîâûì êîìïëåêñàìè Ni(0) è õèìè÷åñêè ìîäèôèöèðîâàííûì íîñèòåëåì – ñèëîõðîìîì Ñ-120, ñîäåðæàùèì íà ïîâåðõíîñòè äâà òèïà êîìïëåêñîîáðàçóþùèõ öåíòðîâ: -NH 2 è N(PR 2 ) 2 , ëèáî èñêëþ÷èòåëüíî N(PR 2 ) 2 – ãðóïïû, ãäå R=C 6 H 5 èëè -N(C 2 H 5 ) 2 . Ýòè êîìïëåêñû, àêòèâèðîâàííûå AlEt 2 Cl, áûëè èññëåäîâàíû â îëèãîìåðèçàöèè ýòèëåíà. Â ñîïîñòàâèìûõ óñëîâèÿõ â ýòîé ðåàêöèè èçó÷àëèñü òàêæå èõ ãîìîãåííûå àíàëîãè. Óñòàíîâëåíû ñóùåñòâåííûå îòëè÷èÿ â ïðîèçâîäèòåëüíîñòè è ñåëåêòèâíîñòè ïðîöåññà îëèãîìåðèçàöèè äëÿ êàòàëèçàòîðîâ ðàçëè÷íûõ òèïîâ. Íàèáîëüøóþ íà÷àëüíóþ àêòèâíîñòü (11-13 êìîëü Ñ 2 H 4 /ìîëü Ni ìèí) îáíàðóæèë ãîìîãåííûé êàòàëèçàòîð. Îäíàêî òàêóþ àêòèâíîñòü îí ïðîÿâëÿåò ïåðâûå 10-15 ìèí ðàáîòû, ðåçêî ñíèæàÿ åå ê êîíöó ïåðâîãî ÷àñà. Â òî æå 213
âðåìÿ ãåòåðîãåíèçèðîâàííûé îáðàçåö ñïóñòÿ ÷àñ ðàáîòû ïðàêòè÷åñêè ïîëíîñòüþ ñîõðàíèë íà÷àëüíóþ àêòèâíîñòü. Èññëåäîâàíèÿ ïîêàçàëè, ÷òî ãåòåðîãåíèçèðîâàííûå îáðàçöû õàðàêòåðèçóþòñÿ áîëåå âûñîêèì ñîäåðæàíèåì áóòåíîâ â êàòàëèçàòîðå, äîõîäÿùèì äî 98 ìàñ. %. Óñòàíîâëåíî, ÷òî ðàçëè÷íûå ôàêòîðû (äàâëåíèå, òåìïåðàòóðà, ìîëüíîå îòíîøåíèå Al/Ni) îêàçûâàþò ñóùåñòâåííîå âëèÿíèå íà àêòèâíîñòü ãåòåðîãåíèçèðîâàííîãî êîìïëåêñà íèêåëÿ (0), ñåëåêòèâíîñòü æå ïðîöåññà îò ýòèõ ôàêòîðîâ ïðàêòè÷åñêè íå çàâèñèò. Ëèòåðàòóðà 1. Ìóíøèåâà Ì.Ê. «Ãåòåðîãåíèçàöèÿ ôîñôèíîâûõ êîìïëåêñîâ íèêåëÿ (0) è èçó÷åíèå èõ êàòàëèòè÷åñêîé àêòèâíîñòè â îëèãîìåðèçàöèè ýòèëåíà» // Àçåðá. õèì. æóðí. 1999. ¹2.Ñ.104. 214
Page 1 and 2:
Èíñòèòóò êàòàëèçà
Page 3 and 4:
Îðãàíèçàòîðû êîíôå
Page 6 and 7:
SINGLE SITE CATALYSTS - IDEAL MODEL
Page 8 and 9:
ÑÒÀÁÈËÈÇÈÐÎÂÀÍÍÛÅ
Page 10 and 11:
ÈÇÓ×ÅÍÈÅ ÌÅÕÀÍÈÇÌÎ
Page 12 and 13:
Ñðàâíåíèå äèíàìèêè
Page 14 and 15:
ÐÎËÜ ÍÎÑÈÒÅËÅÉ Â ÔÎ
Page 16 and 17:
ÒÐÈÈÇÎÁÓÒÈËÀËÞÌÈÍ
Page 18:
ÏÐÎÃÐÅÑÑ Â ÎÁËÀÑÒÈ
Page 22 and 23:
MOLECULAR DESIGN OF NEW TYPE OF CAT
Page 24 and 25:
PALLADIUM AND COBALT CATALYZED OXID
Page 26 and 27:
ÍÎÂÛÉ ÏÎÄÕÎÄ Ê ÔÎÐÌ
Page 28 and 29:
Èîííûé îáìåí Al 2O 3 2+
Page 30 and 31:
êîòîðûõ èììîáèëèçî
Page 32 and 33:
ïðèâåäøàÿ ê ñîçäàí
Page 34 and 35:
ÐÀÇÐÀÁÎÒÊÀ ÊÀÒÀËÈÇ
Page 36 and 37:
ðàñïðåäåëåíèÿ ÷àñò
Page 38 and 39:
÷òî äåôåêòû ýòîãî â
Page 40 and 41:
ÈÇÓ×ÅÍÈÅ ÔÎÐÌÈÐÎÂÀ
Page 42 and 43:
Ñîäåðæàíèå äèîêñèä
Page 44 and 45:
Òàáë. 1. Äàííûå õåìî
Page 46 and 47:
ñëàáîñâÿçàííîì ñîñ
Page 48 and 49:
ãèäðîãåíèçàöèè, âå
Page 50 and 51:
ÑÅËÅÊÒÈÂÍÀß ÎÊÈÑËÈ
Page 52 and 53:
ÌÎÄÈÔÈÖÈÐÎÂÀÍÈÅ ÀË
Page 54 and 55:
ãèäðîîêèñüþ àëþìèí
Page 56 and 57:
ïðîìûñëîâûõ ìèíè-Í
Page 58 and 59:
ÏÎËÓ×ÅÍÈÅ ÆÈÄÊÈÕ Ó
Page 60 and 61:
ÈÇÎÌÅÐÈÇÀÖÈß ÓÃËÅÂ
Page 62 and 63:
ÊÀÒÀËÈÒÈ×ÅÑÊÈÅ ÏÐÅ
Page 64 and 65:
îáðàçîâàíèÿ öèêëîï
Page 66 and 67:
ïðåèìóùåñòâåííîå ï
Page 68 and 69:
ÈÍÒÅÐÊÀËÈÐÎÂÀÍÍÛÅ
Page 70 and 71:
ÊÐÅÊÈÍÃ Ñ 10 -Ñ 15 - ÀË
Page 72 and 73:
Â ÈÊ- ñïåêòðàõ àäñî
Page 74 and 75:
Ïî âëèÿíèþ íà êàòàë
Page 76 and 77:
Ïðåîáëàäàþùèìè ïðè
Page 78 and 79:
ÃÈÄÐÎÏÅÐÅÐÀÁÎÒÊÀ Í
Page 80 and 81:
Ïîñëå ãèäðîïåðåðàá
Page 82 and 83:
óñëîâèé ïðîöåññà î
Page 84 and 85:
åå ðåàêöèè. Èìåííî
Page 86 and 87:
í-C 4 H 8 + Pd II + Í 2 Î ⎯⎯
Page 88 and 89:
ïðîäóêòîâ. Íàïðèìå
Page 90 and 91:
×ÈÑËÎ È ÐÅÀÊÖÈÎÍÍÀ
Page 92 and 93:
Äëÿ âñåõ ñèñòåì îïð
Page 94 and 95:
ñèíäèîòàêòè÷åñêèé
Page 96 and 97:
ñâÿçåé è ýêâèâàëåí
Page 98 and 99:
ÝËÅÊÒÐÎÕÈÌÈ×ÅÑÊÈÉ
Page 100 and 101:
ÑÒÅÍÄÎÂÛÅ ÄÎÊËÀÄÛ
Page 102 and 103:
ÈÇÓ×ÅÍÈÅ ÌÅÕÀÍÈÇÌÀ
Page 104 and 105:
Ðèñóíîê 2. Äèôôåðåí
Page 106 and 107:
âòîðîé ïî èíòåíñèâ
Page 108 and 109:
êîëåáàíèÿ â ìîñòèê
Page 110 and 111:
ÑÒÐÓÊÒÓÐÍÎ-ÎÐÃÀÍÈÇ
Page 112 and 113:
Òàáëèöà 2. Ðàñïðåäå
Page 114 and 115:
50 Rate/10 -8 mol g -1 s -1 40 30 2
Page 116 and 117:
ÐÀÇÐÀÁÎÒÊÀ È ÈÑÑËÅ
Page 118 and 119:
êèñëîðîäó øïèíåëè C
Page 120 and 121:
èçîìåðèçàöèè í-ãåê
Page 122 and 123:
ÃÅÍÅÇÈÑ ÔÀÇÎÂÎÃÎ Ñ
Page 124 and 125:
óïëîòíåíèÿ çàïîëíÿ
Page 126 and 127:
Ïðèðîäà èñõîäíûõ ñ
Page 128 and 129:
ÏÎËÈÌÅÐÍÛÅ ÐÎÄÈÉÑÎ
Page 130 and 131:
ïðîìîòîðîâ. Â ðàáîò
Page 132 and 133:
ôîðìàëüäåãèä, äè- è
Page 134 and 135:
Äàëüíåéøàÿ äåãèäðî
Page 136 and 137:
ÌÅÒÎÄÛ ÐÅÃÓËÈÐÎÂÀÍ
Page 138 and 139:
ÑÈÍÒÅÇ È ÈÑÑËÅÄÎÂÀ
Page 140 and 141:
ÂËÈßÍÈÅ ÎÁÐÀÁÎÒÎÊ
Page 142 and 143:
Íàðÿäó ñ óâåëè÷åíè
Page 144 and 145:
îáîðîòîâ êàòàëèçàò
Page 146 and 147:
Íàìè ðàçðàáîòàí ïð
Page 148 and 149:
äî 0,5 ÌÏà. Ôîðìû çàâ
Page 150 and 151:
Î ÏÐÎÖÅÑÑÀÕ ÏÐÅÄÎÒ
Page 152 and 153:
ÐÀÇÐÀÁÎÒÊÀ ÊÀÒÀËÈÒ
Page 154 and 155:
ÏÐÅÂÐÀÙÅÍÈß ÑÒÈÐÎË
Page 156 and 157:
ÆÈÄÊÎÔÀÇÍÀß ÈÇÎÌÅÐ
Page 158 and 159:
ÍÅÏÎËÍÎÅ ÎÊÈÑËÅÍÈÅ
Page 160 and 161:
ÍÀÍÎÑÒÐÓÊÒÓÐÍÛÅ ÊÀ
Page 162 and 163:
ÃÈÄÐÎÊÎÍÂÅÐÑÈß Í-Ã
Page 164 and 165: ðàñòåò ñ ïîâûøåíèå
Page 166 and 167: Èíäèâèäóàëüíàÿ àäñ
Page 168 and 169: â ÑÍÃ ñíèæàåò òåìïå
Page 170 and 171: Ïðîöåññ áèôîðìèíãà
Page 172 and 173: ÈÑÏÎËÜÇÎÂÀÍÈÅ ÊÀÒÀ
Page 174 and 175: Ïîâûøåíèå äàâëåíèÿ
Page 176 and 177: Èç ïðèðîäíîãî öåîë
Page 178 and 179: ÄÅÃÈÄÐÈÐÎÂÀÍÈÅ ËÅÃ
Page 180 and 181: ðîäèåâûå è ðóòåíèå
Page 182 and 183: Òàáëèöà 1. Âëèÿíèå ï
Page 184 and 185: ÈÑÑËÅÄÎÂÀÍÈÅ ÏÐÎÖÅ
Page 186 and 187: ÏÅÐÅÐÀÁÎÒÊÀ ÄÈÑÒÈË
Page 188 and 189: ÃÈÄÐÎÏÅÐÅÐÀÁÎÒÊÀ í
Page 190 and 191: ÊÐÅÊÈÍÃ ÒßÆÅËÎÃÎ Í
Page 192 and 193: óãëåðîäà â äèîêñèä
Page 194 and 195: ïîäà÷è ñûðüÿ 1,0-1,5 ÷
Page 196 and 197: ëîêàëèçîâàííûå íà
Page 198 and 199: CÓËÜÔÎÊÀÒÈÎÍÈÒÛ ÍÀ
Page 200 and 201: Ïðè íàëè÷èè â ñèñòå
Page 202 and 203: ãåêñàäåêàíîë-2 (ïðè
Page 204 and 205: óñëîâèÿ îêèñëåíèÿ
Page 206 and 207: ãàçîâ òåðìîäåñîðáö
Page 208 and 209: ïîëèìåðèçàöèè ýòèë
Page 210 and 211: ÊÀÒÀËÈÇÈÐÓÅÌÎÅ ÏÀË
Page 212 and 213: ÈÑÑËÅÄÎÂÀÍÈÅ ÂËÈßÍ
Page 216 and 217: ÈÇÓ×ÅÍÈÅ ÏÐÎÖÅÑÑÎÂ
Page 218 and 219: ÐÀÑÏÐÅÄÅËÅÍÈÅ ÂÍÓÒ
Page 220 and 221: ÃÎÌÎ - È ÑÎÏÎËÈÌÅÐÈ
Page 222 and 223: ÏÎËÈÌÅÐÈÇÀÖÈß ÝÒÈË
Page 224 and 225: Ñ ïðèìåíåíèåì ìåòî
Page 226 and 227: àìîðôíûìè è êðèñòà
Page 228 and 229: ÑÏÈÑÎÊ ÀÄÐÅÑÎÂ Ó×À
Page 230 and 231: ÃÐÈÃÎÐÜÅÂÀ Íåëëè Ã
Page 232 and 233: ÊÀÐÛÌÎÂÀ Ðàøèäà Õà
Page 234 and 235: ÌÓÍØÈÅÂÀ Ìèíà Êåðè
Page 236 and 237: ÓÑÌÀÍÎÂÀ Ìàíçóðà Ì
Page 238 and 239: ÑÎÄÅÐÆÀÍÈÅ ÊËÞ×ÅÂÛ
Page 240 and 241: Ñåêöèÿ II Êàòàëèç â
Page 242 and 243: CÄ-I-3 CÄ-I-4 CÄ-I-5 CÄ-I-6 CÄ
Page 244 and 245: CÄ-II-10 Çàêèðîâà À.Ã.,
Page 246 and 247: CÄ-III-4 Ìèêåíàñ T.Á., Å
show all

ÐÐ¾Ð»ÐµÐºÑÐ»ÑÑÐ½ÑÐ¹ Ð´Ð¸Ð·Ð°Ð¹Ð½ ÐºÐ°ÑÐ°Ð»Ð¸Ð·Ð°ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¾Ð² Ð¸ ÐºÐ°ÑÐ°Ð»Ð¸Ð· Ð² Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐµÑÑÐ°Ñ ...

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?

ÐÐ¾Ð»ÐµÐºÑÐ»ÑÑÐ½ÑÐ¹ Ð´Ð¸Ð·Ð°Ð¹Ð½ ÐºÐ°ÑÐ°Ð»Ð¸Ð·Ð°ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¾Ð² Ð¸ ÐºÐ°ÑÐ°Ð»Ð¸Ð· Ð² Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐµÑÑÐ°Ñ...