Gestão Ambiental e Negociação de Conflitos em Unidades ... - Sema

investimento em melhoria de pastagem em uma das propriedades se deuainda no primeiro ano de plantio. Entretanto não foi encontrada correlaçãoentre o rendimento bruto e o custo de implantação das pastagens de inverno.Como neste período há carência de leite e queijo, o manejo sem fogopode tornar a pecuária serrana competitiva. Aparentemente, as práticas alternativasao uso do fogo têm dificuldade de aceitação entre os fazendeirosdevido ao desconhecimento das suas vantagens e a barreiras culturais.Palavras-chave: pecuária, pastagens, capacidade de carga.AbstractFire use to grazing renovation is an illegal practice in Brazil, accordinga Federal Law. In the State of Rio Grande do Sul, fire can be legally used justto parasites control or phyto-sanitary treatment. However, fire is actuallyused to grazing management by farmers in the highlands of Rio Grande doSul. In this study we look for some alternative methods to fire for grazingrenovation. The present work aims at identifying, which alternative systemsare used instead of fire in the municipal district of São Francisco de Paula,Rio Grande do Sul, and whether grazing management without the use offire will make cattle raising in this highland area more competitive in winter.We have selected four informant experts for indication of reference groups.They have been interviewed according to a structured guided questionnaire,while their practices have been also assessed at work. These expertsare local ranchers who have been cattle breeding for about 46 years average.We have concluded that the alternative methods to the use of fire areused as a complement to the traditional management in the very sameproperties. Burning grazing with agropastoral objectives is used in the areaswhere there is no mechanization, associated with the management of thetotal number of animals for hectare and the plantation of winter grass, likeAvena sp., Lolium multiflorum, Trifolium repens, Trifolium pretense and Lotuscorniculatus. In one of the farms, grazing investment was recovered in thesame year of the plantation. However, we have not found any correlationbetween the profits and the implementation costs. As in this period, thereis shortage of milk and cheese, management without the use of fire mightmake highland cattle raising more competitive. Apparently, alternativepractices to fire have had difficulties to be accepted among farmers sincethey apparently ignore the advantages of such practices and also becauseof cultural barriers.Key words: cattle breeding, grazing, carrying capacity.60