Gestão Ambiental e Negociação de Conflitos em Unidades ... - Sema

mas locais, além de estar em desacordo com os conceitos de “conservaçãoda natureza”, “preservação”, e “proteção integral” estabelecidos pelo SistemaNacional de Unidades de Conservação, bem como com a definição de áreade preservação permanente garantida pela Lei Federal 4.771/65.Palavras-chaves: parque, uso da terra, silvicultura, geoprocessamentoAbstractTainhas State Park is a totally protected conservational unit, created in1975, in which we find less than 5% of its land tenure situation in regularconditions. Economic activities still occur within its area, among them forestryPinus sp. In this context, the analysis of changes in land cover and useusing Geographic Information System (GIS) can be an important tool forplanning and management. The research areas related to the present paperare located in the municipal districts of Jaquirana, São Francisco de Paulaand Cambará do Sul, in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Soil use, hydrography, contourlines and permanent preservation areas have been vectorized, throughthe use of Landsat 5 TM satellite images (years 1984, 1997 and 2009)and some army maps. Four categories of soil use have been established foranalysis: native woods, Pinus sp, fields, bushes and water. In the field andbush classes, it was observed a variation of - 617.9 hectares, between 1984and 2009, which means an average of area loss of 24.7 hectares/year. In nativewood class, the variation, between 1984 and 2009, was -239.6 hectares,representing an average loss of 9.5 hectares/year. In Pinus sp class, it wasobserved an increase of more than 60 times the size of its initial area from1984 to 2009 (+805.9 hectares), representing an average increase of 32.2hectares/year. In conclusion, according to the current law, the cultivationof Pinus sp in Tainhas State Park seems to be inconsistent with the conservationof biodiversity and the maintenance of the integrity of the localecosystems. It is also at odds with the concepts of "nature conservation","preservation" and "integral protection" established by the "National Systemof Protected Areas", as well as with the definition of permanent preservationarea, guaranteed by the Federal Law 4.771/65.Key-words: park, soil use, forestry, GIS.1. IntroduçãoVivemos em um mundo cada vez mais atento para as questões ambientais.Esta atenção faz com que a proteção de remanescentes de áreas96