The impact of urban groundwater upon surface water - eTheses ...

6.4.3.2 Adaptation of model to represent the unsaturated zone ................................................................. 170
6.4.3.3 Model Parameters .......................................................................................................................... 171
6.4.3.4 Model Calibration .......................................................................................................................... 173
6.4.3.5 Sensitivity of parameters................................................................................................................ 174
6.4.4 Results and discussion ...................................................................................................................... 175
6.5 Investigation of the geological controls on groundwater flow to the river ............................................... 182
6.5.1 Conceptual model ............................................................................................................................. 182
6.5.2 Application of the MODFLOW flood plain model........................................................................... 182
6.5.3 Application of the FAT3D channel scale model............................................................................... 183
6.5.3.1 Hydraulic parameters. .................................................................................................................... 183
6.5.3.2 Sensitivity analyses........................................................................................................................ 184
6.5.4 Application of the analytical model of aquifer thickness..................................................................185
6.5.5 Results and discussion ...................................................................................................................... 185
6.6 Investigation of the controls upon groundwater flow across the seepage face. ........................................ 192
6.6.1 Conceptual model ............................................................................................................................. 192
6.6.2 Application of the FAT3D channel scale model............................................................................... 193
6.6.3 Results and discussion ...................................................................................................................... 193
6.7 Investigation of the spatial variations in groundwater discharge to the river............................................ 195
6.7.1 Conceptual model ............................................................................................................................. 195
6.7.2 Application of the FAT3D channel scale model............................................................................... 196
6.7.3 Application of the MODFLOW flood plain model........................................................................... 196
6.7.4 Results and discussion ...................................................................................................................... 196
6.8 Investigation of the effect of abstraction wells on groundwater flow to the river. ................................... 203
6.8.1 Conceptual model ............................................................................................................................. 203
6.8.2 Application of the MODFLOW flood plain model to assess abstraction.......................................... 203
6.8.3 Results and discussion ...................................................................................................................... 204
6.9 Investigation of the effect of changes in river level and regional head.....................................................207
6.9.1 Conceptual model ............................................................................................................................. 207
6.9.2 Application of the Models................................................................................................................. 207
6.9.3 Results and discussion ...................................................................................................................... 208