The impact of urban groundwater upon surface water - eTheses ...

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Fluoride Concentration mgl -1 46 41 36 31 26 21 16 11 6 1 Surface Water Concentration Profiles Combined with Data from Riverbed and Riverbank Piezometers 28/02/01 22/05/01 23/05/01 11/05/01 30/07/01 19-20/7/00 26/07/00 R.bed 2001 R.bank 2001 R.bed 2000 R.bank 2000 Aquifer High concentration fluoride plume discharging through one side of the river channel. Maximum concentration Riverbed 198 mgl -1 Riverbank 71 mgl -1 -4 -5000 -3000 -1000 1000 3000 5000 7000 9000 Distance downstream from profile 5 (metres) Figure 7.9 Longitudinal concentration profile for fluoride in surface water and groundwater.
Cation Content (mgl -1 ) 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 Major Cation Content (Mean and Median) for different sample types in the Tame Valley and Sutton Park, 2001. Abstraction- Mean Abstraction- Median Shallow-Mean Shallow- Median Riverbed- Mean Sample Type Riverbed- Median Surface Water-Mean Surface Water-Median Figure 7.10 Summary of the major cation content of each different sample type. Sutton Park Surface Water-Mean K Mg Na Ca Sutton Park Riverbed- Mean
Page 1 and 2:
THE IMPACT OF URBAN GROUNDWATER UPO
Page 3 and 4:
ABSTRACT A field-based research stu
Page 5 and 6:
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to th
Page 7 and 8:
3.4.1 Solid Geology ...............
Page 9 and 10:
5.5.2 Riverbed Sediment Core Data a
Page 11 and 12:
6.10 Investigation of groundwater-s
Page 13 and 14:
LIST OF FIGURES 2.1 Conceptual mode
Page 15 and 16:
6.1 Schematic diagram for the analy
Page 17 and 18:
LIST OF TABLES Table 3.1 Descriptio
Page 19 and 20:
APPENDICES Appendices 1, 11, 19, 20
Page 21 and 22:
1.1 Project outline CHAPTER 1. INTR
Page 23 and 24:
4) to develop suitable monitoring m
Page 25 and 26:
INTRODUCTION European Commission Wa
Page 27 and 28:
REVIEW 2.1) and surface water may o
Page 29 and 30:
REVIEW features of groundwater/surf
Page 31 and 32:
REVIEW provide refuge to benthic in
Page 33 and 34:
Abstraction For drinking water supp
Page 35 and 36:
REVIEW occur such as biodegradation
Page 37 and 38:
2.2.1 Water quality studies REVIEW
Page 39 and 40:
REVIEW investigated groundwater/sur
Page 41 and 42:
REVIEW owing to their widespread de
Page 43 and 44:
REVIEW have been used to determine
Page 45 and 46:
REVIEW and under conditions of non-
Page 47 and 48:
(b) (a) River Tame 10 m topographic
Page 49 and 50:
STUDY SETTING But under the General
Page 51 and 52:
(a) Land Use In The River Tame Corr
Page 53 and 54:
(a) (b) Figure 3.3 (a) Photograph o
Page 55 and 56:
Figure 3.4 Schematic geology of the
Page 57 and 58:
Table 3.1 Description of geological
Page 59 and 60:
Wildmoor Sandstone Formation (middl
Page 61 and 62:
STUDY SETTING Man-made excavations
Page 63 and 64:
STUDY SETTING Tame were effluent to
Page 65 and 66:
(a) (b) (c) Figure 3.9 (a) Postulat
Page 67 and 68:
STUDY SETTING this restricts the le
Page 69 and 70:
Figure 3.10 Schematic cross section
Page 71 and 72:
STUDY SETTING water quality through
Page 73 and 74:
STUDY SETTING (Ford, 1990) from nin
Page 75 and 76:
STUDY SETTING dry cleaning industry
Page 77 and 78:
MONITORING NETWORKS AND METHODS CHA
Page 79 and 80:
2 9 4 0 0 0 2 8 8 0 0 0 4020000 410
Page 81 and 82:
MONITORING NETWORKS AND METHODS The
Page 83 and 84:
Water quality data were collected i
Page 85 and 86:
MONITORING NETWORKS AND METHODS pie
Page 87 and 88:
Page 89 and 90:
Page 91 and 92:
MONITORING NETWORKS AND METHODS pre
Page 93 and 94:
MONITORING NETWORKS AND METHODS the
Page 95 and 96:
MONITORING NETWORKS AND METHODS (Ga
Page 97 and 98:
MONITORING NETWORKS AND METHODS Acc
Page 99 and 100:
MONITORING NETWORKS AND METHODS bor
Page 101 and 102:
MONITORING NETWORKS AND METHODS tha
Page 103 and 104:
MONITORING NETWORKS AND METHODS des
Page 105 and 106:
4.7.3 Grain size analyses by the Ha
Page 107 and 108:
K = hydraulic conductivity (feet da
Page 109 and 110:
MONITORING NETWORKS AND METHODS A s
Page 111 and 112:
Page 113 and 114:
MONITORING NETWORKS AND METHODS Run
Page 115 and 116:
MONITORING NETWORKS AND METHODS nex
Page 117 and 118:
Page 119 and 120:
MONITORING NETWORKS AND METHODS Dif
Page 121 and 122:
4.9.3 Radial Flow Analytical Soluti
Page 123 and 124:
q = - k dh dx River Riverbed q = th
Page 125 and 126:
Determinands Method of analyses Ana
Page 127 and 128:
MONITORING NETWORKS AND METHODS dif
Page 129 and 130:
5.2 Groundwater in the Tame Valley
Page 131 and 132:
Total Monthly Volume Abstracted (m
Page 133 and 134:
4020000 4100000 Bescot GS 91, 182 1
Page 135 and 136:
5.3.2 Baseflow Analyses GROUNDWATER
Page 137 and 138:
GROUNDWATER FLOW TO THE RIVER TAME
Page 139 and 140:
Page 141 and 142:
Page 143 and 144:
Page 145 and 146:
Page 147 and 148:
Temperature C o 20 19.5 19 18.5 18
Page 149 and 150:
Page 151 and 152:
5 cm Figure 5.16 (a) Riverbed core
Page 153 and 154:
Frequency 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 10 20
Page 155 and 156:
Summary of Darcy Specific Discharge
Page 157 and 158:
Page 159 and 160:
Location Specific Discharge (md -1
Page 161 and 162:
Page 163 and 164:
5.8 The Hydrogeological Setting of
Page 165 and 166:
Level ( m.a.o.d ) Level ( m.a.o.d )
Page 167 and 168:
5.9 Concluding Discussion GROUNDWAT
Page 169 and 170:
Page 171 and 172:
CHAPTER 6. THE MODELLING OF GROUNDW
Page 173 and 174:
6.2.1 Analytical Model, Steady Stat
Page 175 and 176:
GROUNDWATER FLOW MODELLING The rive
Page 177 and 178:
GROUNDWATER FLOW MODELLING 6.3.1 Re
Page 179 and 180:
39 57 Figure 6.2 Regional Setting f
Page 181 and 182:
GROUNDWATER FLOW MODELLING increase
Page 183 and 184:
GROUNDWATER FLOW MODELLING general,
Page 185 and 186:
Groundwater head contours (1m) 93.0
Page 187 and 188:
GROUNDWATER FLOW MODELLING 6.4.3 Gr
Page 189 and 190:
11 12 13 # # # # # # 96 97 98 Colum
Page 191 and 192:
GROUNDWATER FLOW MODELLING unsatura
Page 193 and 194:
River level data GROUNDWATER FLOW M
Page 195 and 196:
GROUNDWATER FLOW MODELLING of geolo
Page 197 and 198:
GROUNDWATER FLOW MODELLING The FAT3
Page 199 and 200:
GROUNDWATER FLOW MODELLING and grav
Page 201 and 202:
Elevation of cell centre (m.a.o.d)
Page 203 and 204:
GROUNDWATER FLOW MODELLING transmis
Page 205 and 206:
GROUNDWATER FLOW MODELLING on each
Page 207 and 208:
Page 209 and 210:
GROUNDWATER FLOW MODELLING of 0.5md
Page 211 and 212:
Analytical solution for the saturat
Page 213 and 214:
GROUNDWATER FLOW MODELLING presence
Page 215 and 216:
GROUNDWATER FLOW MODELLING in secti
Page 217 and 218:
Page 219 and 220:
GROUNDWATER FLOW MODELLING The aver
Page 221 and 222:
GROUNDWATER FLOW MODELLING would re
Page 223 and 224:
GROUNDWATER FLOW MODELLING the aqui
Page 225 and 226:
95 95 95 95 39 MODFLOW Particle Tra
Page 227 and 228:
GROUNDWATER FLOW MODELLING Historic
Page 229 and 230:
Discharge to the river m 3 d -1 % v
Page 231 and 232:
GROUNDWATER FLOW MODELLING 6.10.2 A
Page 233 and 234: GROUNDWATER FLOW MODELLING investig
Page 235 and 236: GROUNDWATER FLOW MODELLING across t
Page 237 and 238: GROUNDWATER FLOW MODELLING by the F
Page 239 and 240: Specific discharge to the river fro
Page 241 and 242: GROUNDWATER FLOW MODELLING in time
Page 243 and 244: GROUNDWATER FLOW MODELLING unsatura
Page 245 and 246: GROUNDWATER FLOW MODELLING amplitud
Page 247 and 248: Depth (cm) -80 -100 -120 -140 -160
Page 249 and 250: Depth (cm) -40 -60 -80 -100 -120 -1
Page 251 and 252: GROUNDWATER FLOW MODELLING cycles o
Page 253 and 254: 6.12 Conclusions GROUNDWATER FLOW M
Page 255 and 256: GROUNDWATER FLOW MODELLING consider
Page 257 and 258: WATER QUALITY INTERACTIONS CHAPTER
Page 259 and 260: Water Quality Data From Sutton Park
Page 261 and 262: WATER QUALITY INTERACTIONS 7.1 Indi
Page 263 and 264: WATER QUALITY INTERACTIONS (the fur
Page 265 and 266: WATER QUALITY INTERACTIONS Underlyi
Page 267 and 268: WATER QUALITY INTERACTIONS Oxygen l
Page 269 and 270: (a) (b) Eh (mv) DO (mgl -1 ) 600 50
Page 271 and 272: WATER QUALITY INTERACTIONS riverbed
Page 273 and 274: WATER QUALITY INTERACTIONS samples
Page 275 and 276: WATER QUALITY INTERACTIONS errors i
Page 277 and 278: WATER QUALITY INTERACTIONS industri
Page 279 and 280: (a) (b) (c) Depth below river bed (
Page 281 and 282: WATER QUALITY INTERACTIONS within 5
Page 283: WATER QUALITY INTERACTIONS The grea
Page 287 and 288: (a) (b) (c) Calcium Concentration m
Page 289 and 290: WATER QUALITY INTERACTIONS in the u
Page 291 and 292: 7.5 Toxic Metals WATER QUALITY INTE
Page 293 and 294: WATER QUALITY INTERACTIONS parkland
Page 295 and 296: 95 94 93 92 OD (meters) 91 90 89 88
Page 297 and 298: (a) (b) (c) Chloride (meql -1 ) Nit
Page 299 and 300: (a) (b) Depth below river bed (cm)
Page 301 and 302: (a) (c) (e) Depth below river bed (
Page 303 and 304: WATER QUALITY INTERACTIONS depth. T
Page 305 and 306: WATER QUALITY INTERACTIONS extent.
Page 307 and 308: Number of samples greater than dete
Page 309 and 310: WATER QUALITY INTERACTIONS The only
Page 311 and 312: WATER QUALITY INTERACTIONS source f
Page 313 and 314: WATER QUALITY INTERACTIONS The surf
Page 315 and 316: WATER QUALITY INTERACTIONS The Envi
Page 317 and 318: WATER QUALITY INTERACTIONS the bias
Page 319 and 320: WATER QUALITY INTERACTIONS The grou
Page 321 and 322: WATER QUALITY INTERACTIONS value of
Page 323 and 324: Depth below river bed (cm) 0 20 40
Page 325 and 326: WATER QUALITY INTERACTIONS There is
Page 327 and 328: WATER QUALITY INTERACTIONS Standard
Page 329 and 330: WATER QUALITY INTERACTIONS general
Page 331 and 332: WATER QUALITY INTERACTIONS attenuat
Page 333 and 334: WATER QUALITY INTERACTIONS these fa
Page 335 and 336:
GROUNDWATER FLUX CHAPTER 8. ESTIMAT
Page 337 and 338:
GROUNDWATER FLUX solution then the
Page 339 and 340:
GROUNDWATER FLUX the riverbed piezo
Page 341 and 342:
HCO3 - Determinant Mean Groundwater
Page 343 and 344:
Residential roof run-off *1 General
Page 345 and 346:
GROUNDWATER FLUX availability of sa
Page 347 and 348:
Discharge MLd -1 350 330 310 290 27
Page 349 and 350:
(a) Dissolved Mass gs -1 Dissolved
Page 351 and 352:
GROUNDWATER FLUX exception of Si, C
Page 353 and 354:
Location Distance from Bescot GS (k
Page 355 and 356:
GROUNDWATER FLUX groundwater is a s
Page 357 and 358:
Maximum concentration in the plume
Page 359 and 360:
GROUNDWATER FLUX 150 m was used, to
Page 361 and 362:
Estimate of mass flux from the plum
Page 363 and 364:
GROUNDWATER FLUX an urban setting.
Page 365 and 366:
GROUNDWATER FLUX improvement of sur
Page 367 and 368:
CONCLUSIONS CHAPTER 9. CONCLUSIONS
Page 369 and 370:
CONCLUSIONS surface-water quality b
Page 371 and 372:
CONCLUSIONS 1945) which caused sign
Page 373 and 374:
CONCLUSIONS Objective 4. To develop
Page 375 and 376:
CONCLUSIONS On a catchment scale, g
Page 377 and 378:
CONCLUSIONS other compounds of inte
Page 379 and 380:
CONCLUSIONS groundwater and surface
Page 381 and 382:
REFERENCES REFERENCES Allen, D.J.,
Page 383 and 384:
REFERENCES Bredehoeft, J.D., & Papa
Page 385 and 386:
REFERENCES De Marsily, G., 1986. Qu
Page 387 and 388:
REFERENCES Ford, M., Tellam, J.H.,
Page 389 and 390:
REFERENCES Hooda, P.S., Moynagh, M.
Page 391 and 392:
REFERENCES Kuwabara, J., Berelson,
Page 393 and 394:
REFERENCES Modica, E., 1993. Hydrau
Page 395 and 396:
REFERENCES Rivett, M.O., Feenstra,
Page 397 and 398:
REFERENCES Stagg, K.A., 2000. An in
Page 399:
REFERENCES Younger, P.L., 1989. Str
show all

The impact of urban groundwater upon surface water - eTheses ...

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?