The impact of urban groundwater upon surface water - eTheses ...

TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION............................................................................................................ 1
1.1 Project outline............................................................................................................................................... 1
1.2 Aim and objectives ....................................................................................................................................... 2
1.3 Approach and thesis layout........................................................................................................................... 3
CHAPTER 2. A REVIEW OF GROUNDWATER/SURFACE WATER INTERACTIONS................ 6
2.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................................. 6
2.1.1 Groundwater flow to rivers................................................................................................................... 6
2.1.2 The groundwater/surface water interface.............................................................................................. 9
2.1.3 Groundwater contamination................................................................................................................ 11
2.2 International Case Studies .......................................................................................................................... 16
2.2.1 Water Quality Studies ......................................................................................................................... 17
2.2.2 Flow Studies........................................................................................................................................ 18
2.2.3 Combined Quality and Flow Studies .................................................................................................. 19
2.3 UK Case Studies......................................................................................................................................... 20
2.3.1 UK Legislation.................................................................................................................................... 22
2.4 Monitoring methods.................................................................................................................................... 22
2.5 Modelling methods ..................................................................................................................................... 23
2.6 Conclusions ................................................................................................................................................ 25
CHAPTER 3 STUDY SETTING.......................................................................................................... 26
3.1 Historical Background ................................................................................................................................ 26
3.2 Land use...................................................................................................................................................... 29
3.3 Hydrology of the River Tame..................................................................................................................... 30
3.4 The Geology of the Tame Catchment......................................................................................................... 34