The impact of urban groundwater upon surface water - eTheses ...

4.10 Sample analyses.
4.10.1 Chemical analyses
MONITORING NETWORKS AND METHODS
Sample analysis was undertaken at several different laboratories by different agents including
the author, and laboratory technicians. A summary of the analyses undertaken is presented in
Table 4.5. A description of each analyses is included in appendix 19 where the most detailed
descriptions are provided for those analyses undertaken by the author. The results are
presented in appendix 20.
4.10.2 Measurement of Field Parameters
Field measurements for pH, Eh, and conductivity were taken within a 300 ml plastic beaker
filled at the start of the sampling run. The probes were agitated within the sample and then
allowed to stabilise over a five-minute period. An alkalinity titration was undertaken on a
separate 100 ml of filtered water. Dissolved oxygen analyses were undertaken using either a
meter or via the Chemets ampoule colour change system. A detailed description of the
methods and instruments used can be found in appendix 21.
4.10.3 Sample preparation and storage
Samples for inorganic analyses were filtered in the field with a syringe through 0.45 micron
nitro-cellulose filters. An initial 30 ml of sample water was used to rinse the sample bottle
prior to filling. Cation samples were acidified in the field with 0.5ml of nitric acid to keep the
ions in solution. Cation and anion samples were collected in 125 ml plastic bottles with no
head space. Samples to be analysed for mercury were collected in 250 ml glass bottles
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