how do adolescents define depression? - cIRcle - University of ...

Table 13
Chapter IV: Results
Percentages of COAD Units Generated by Boys and Girls at Least Once in Each Category and
Subcategory of Adolescent Depression, N = 332
Category
Subcategory
Boys
n = 148
%
Girls
n = 184
%
Depressed Mood 84.5% 88.0%
Sadness 62.2% 63.6%
Irritability 32.4% 39.1%
Moody 6.1% 9.8%
Somatic Symptoms 0% .5%
Inner Pain 11.5% 11.4%
Depressed Appearance 10.8% 22.8%
Depressed Cognitions
Hopelessness 18.9% 12.0%
Unmotivated 14.2% 14.7%
Bored 6.1% 2.7%
Pessimism 7.4% 7.6%
Loss of Interest or Pleasure 1.4% 4.3%
Appetite/Wt/Sleep Changes 7.4% 10.3%
Fatigue or Loss of Energy 10.8% 11.4%
Low Self-Worth/Guilt 18.9% 32.1%
Indecisiveness/Impaired 13.5% 16.3%
Concentration and Attention
Feel Trapped 4.7% 6.5%
Suicidal 14.9% 25.5%
Social Impairment 60.1% 75.5%
Behavioral Disconnection 37.8% 45.7%
Perceived Disconnection 14.2% 27.2%
Lonely 32.4% 37.5%
Aggression/Bullied 4.7% 10.9%
Functional Impairment/Distress 15.5% 11.4%
Retardation/Agitation 8.1% 17.4%
Quiet 7.4% 16.3%
Anxiety Symptoms 15.5% 22.8%
Fear 6.1% 11.4%
Anxious/Stressed 10.8% 14.7%
Substance Use 4.1% 7.6%
Contextual/Causal 22.3% 21.7%
Biological 1.4% 3.3%
Masking/Stigma 3.4% 10.3%
Escaping Reality 2.0% 3.8%
As can be seen in Table 13, the majority of boys generated their COAD units in the
categories Depressed Mood, Social Impairment, and the subcategory Sadness. Further, about
20% or more boys provided COAD units in the constructs Irritability, Behavioral Disconnection,
Lonely, Hopelessness, Low Self-Worth/Guilt, and Contextual/Causal. Although boys generated
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