Final Report Lot 9: Public street lighting - Amper

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Table 170: Per capita GDP in EU-25 (Source: Eurostat. Economic and Financial Affairs DG. PRIMES. ACE) ...................................................................................................... 337
LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1: Typical street lighting lamps .................................................................................... 22 Figure 2: Typical street lighting ballast.................................................................................... 22 Figure 3: Typical street lighting luminaire............................................................................... 23 Figure 4: Traffic signs (outside the product boundary)............................................................ 23 Figure 5: Tunnel lighting (outside the product boundary) ....................................................... 24 Figure 6: Monument lighting (outside the product boundary)................................................ 24 Figure 7: Non-public lighting applications (outside the product boundary)........................... 25 Figure 8: Example of Fast Traffic (category F), Mixed Traffic (category M) and Slow Traffic situations (category S).............................................................................................. 27 Figure 9: Photorealistic visualization of street lighting. ......................................................... 37 Figure 10: EU-25 lamp volume: Production, trade and consumption profile in 2003-2004 (Source: Europroms) ................................................................................................ 55 Figure 11: EU-25 lamp value: Production, trade and consumption profile in 2003-2004 (Source: Europroms) ................................................................................................ 55 Figure 12: EU-25 ballasts and ballast parts volume: Production, trade and consumption profile in 2003-2004 (Source: Europroms).......................................................................... 58 Figure 13: EU-25 ballasts and ballast parts value: Production, trade and consumption profile in 2003-2004 (Source: Europroms).............................................................................. 58 Figure 14: Volume of EU-25 lamp sales, 1999-2004 (Source: rescaled based on population from original ELC sales data for the Western European market)............................ 66 Figure 15: Evolution of share of High Intensity Discharge lamps in EU-25, 1999-2004 (Source: rescaled based on population from original ELC sales data for the Western European market) ..................................................................................................................... 67 Figure 16: Value of lamp sales in EU-25 (Source: rescaled based on population from original ELC data) ................................................................................................................. 68 Figure 17: Normalised eye sensitivity for scotopic and photopic vision. ................................ 90 Figure 18: Street lighting luminaire attached to cables(left) and to electricity distribution (right). .................................................................................................................................. 98 Figure 19: Street lighting luminaires attached to poles(left) and to a house (right)................. 98 Figure 20: Trend street lighting per capita: 1990-2025.......................................................... 105 Figure 21: Examples of light pollution: sky glow (left) and glare (right).............................. 134 Figure 22: Artificial Night Sky Brightness in Europe, Colours correspond to ratios between the artificial sky brightness and the natural sky brightness of: 9 (red). (Cinzano et al. (2000)) ................................................................................................................................ 135 Figure 23: More than half of the light is directed to the sky or sea and is wasted................. 142 Figure 24: A high amount of light is directed to the houses and is wasted............................ 143 Figure 25; Data flow of base case calculation........................................................................ 149 Figure 26: Life Cycle Impact, Base Case, Category F (contribution of production, distribution, end-of-life of lamps, ballast, luminaire and electricity use)................................... 167 Figure 27: Life Cycle Impact, Base Case, Category M (contribution of production, distribution, end-of-life of lamps, ballast, luminaire and electricity use)................................... 170 Figure 28: Life Cycle Impact, Base Case, Category S (contribution of production, distribution, end-of-life of lamps, ballast, luminaire and electricity use)................................... 173 Figure 29: Luminaire with an optimised thermal design for electronic ballast ..................... 190
Page 1 and 2: Free dissemination (Contract TREN/D
Page 3 and 4: TABLE OF CONTENTS 0 EXECUTIVE SUMMA
Page 5 and 6: 6.1.7 Intelligent electronic dimmab
Page 7 and 8: LIST OF TABLES Table 1: Simplified
Page 9 and 10: Table 68: Category S (slow traffic)
Page 11: Table 144: Overview of ‘Mercury v
Page 15: Figure 69: Value of lamp production
Page 18 and 19: even the luminaire in its entirety
Page 21 and 22: 1 PRODUCT DEFINITION The goal of th
Page 23 and 24: Figure 3: Typical street lighting l
Page 25 and 26: • Products such as private outdoo
Page 27 and 28: Figure 8: Example of Fast Traffic (
Page 29 and 30: “The maintained useful luminous f
Page 31 and 32: The two following characters indica
Page 33 and 34: parameters influencing the deprecia
Page 35 and 36: sum of the individual luminous flux
Page 37 and 38: This part of the European Standard
Page 39 and 40: (compact) lamps with power equal to
Page 41 and 42: Specifies the lamp dimensions, elec
Page 43 and 44: Specifies the safety requirements f
Page 45 and 46: Exceptions for lamps: this directiv
Page 47 and 48: Catalonia 2001: 'LLEI 6/2001, de 31
Page 49 and 50: Table 3: Mandatory Label for Ballas
Page 51 and 52: Table 7: Voluntary Label for Ballas
Page 53 and 54: 2 MARKET AND ECONOMIC ANALYSIS The
Page 55 and 56: Millions of lamps 45,0 40,0 35,0 30
Page 57 and 58: parts no information on production
Page 59 and 60: Table 149 and Table 150 in ANNEX E
Page 61 and 62: Table 10: Overview of lamp and ball
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2.2 Market and stock data To overco
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An introduction message explained t
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Table 156 and Figure 14 indicate th
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pronounced, i.e. the apparent consu
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Road category Road length in 2004 S
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For luminaires we can conclude that
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causes higher currents and by conse
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2005 Luminaires TOTAL %EU25 Capita
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As will be explained in chapter 3 o
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2.3 Market trends 2.3.1 General tre
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manufacturers have dominated the in
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2.4 Consumer expenditure data 2.4.1
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Public street lighting is mainly op
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3 CONSUMER BEHAVIOUR AND LOCAL INFR
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Table 22: Relationship between phot
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4. Dimming to compensate for Lamp L
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can overcome this problem. This pow
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generation of gas discharge lamps i
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clear that light point locations ca
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with, Lav = QO x Eavg Table 28: Ave
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times the height. In category S, th
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ageing of the overall population wi
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4 TECHNICAL ANALYSIS EXISTING PRODU
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lamps. It is unlikely that this wil
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Table 34: Input data for the manufa
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Table 37: Input data for the materi
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The general remarks about this inpu
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With regard to the different parts
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are not directly related to a speci
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4.2 Distribution phase The environm
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distance between light points is be
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Until now, existing scientific evid
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The energy efficiency in the use-ph
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Table 66: Category S (slow traffic)
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The real power consumption (Preal)
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Figure 24: A high amount of light i
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LPDireal [W/(lx.m²)] = P / LPDi /
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5 DEFINITION OF THE BASE CASE AND E
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This results in the following EuP E
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5.1 BaseCase Lamps and ballasts 5.1
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Category S In road category S (slow
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Table 76: Life Cycle Impact per Bas
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Table 78: Life Cycle Impact per Bas
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the higher weight of the control ge
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Table 80: Aggregated Production, Di
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5.3 BaseCase Sales The results in t
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5.3.2 Environmental Impact On www.e
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Table 84: Life Cycle Impact, Base C
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Page 173 and 174:
Page 175 and 176:
5.3.3 BaseCase Life Cycle Costs The
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Table 93: EU Total Impact of NEW Lu
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Discussion of results Again, EU25 t
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5.4.2 Environmental Impact Table 96
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Page 185 and 186:
Table 100: Life Cycle Impact, Base
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Table 102: Impacts sales versus sto
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6 TECHNICAL ANALYSIS BAT AND BNAT S
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6.1.3 Luminaires with improved util
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there is an increased reflection on
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MH lamps can have a quite short lam
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Table 105: LSF for various lamp typ
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The energy saving advantages of dim
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6.2 State of the art of best existi
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6.3.3 WLEDs lamps Figure 37: Typica
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7 IMPROVEMENT POTENTIAL 7.1 Introdu
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Option 1 (stock base): HPS retrofit
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• This option is only technically
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7.2.4 Table with EuP EcoReports for
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LCC in €/1000f-lm 300 250 200 150
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cost indicator (LCC) low high cost
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comfort of outdoor lighting, the fi
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8 SCENARIO-, POLICY-, IMPACT- AND S
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• For lamps with Ra < 80 power ba
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Burning hours LLMF 16000h >0.90 Bur
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Proposed timing: ASAP because these
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8.1.1.12 Specific ecodesign require
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Table 107: Aggregated results, Busi
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Table 111: Annual lamp sales, per c
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EU25 electricity consumption, altho
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Table 116: Aggregated results, Scen
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€ increase. The increase between
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500 450 400 350 300 250 200 150 100
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40.000 35.000 30.000 25.000 20.000
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Table 126: LCC of luminaire sales i
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45000 40000 35000 30000 25000 20000
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anking is from uncertainty in purch
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Uncertainty regarding assumed watta
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Table 131: Forecast of installed ba
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Table 133: Aggregated results, Busi
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taking into account pole removal an
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Recommendation 3: It is also recomm
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8.2 Impact analysis industry and co
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existing installations could even i
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9 REFERENCES AFE (2002) Recommandat
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CIE 135-1999: CIE Collection in vis
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Eurostat (2006). Road lengths of di
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10 ABBREVIATIONS and ACRONYMS Abbre
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IESNA ILCOS IP (rating) IRF ISO L L
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ANNEX A: PRODCOM CATEGORIES OF LIGH
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ANNEX B: EUROPROMS RESULTS FOR LAMP
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Year Region Table 141: Mercury vapo
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ANNEX C: OVERVIEW OF PRODUCTION, TR
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ANNEX D: EUROPROMS RESULTS FOR BALL
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Table 148: Parts (excluding of glas
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ANNEX E: OVERVIEW OF PRODUCTION, TR
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ANNEX F: EUROPROMS RESULTS FOR LUMI
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ANNEX G: OVERVIEW OF LAMP AND BALLA
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Millions of ballasts 600 500 400 30
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ANNEX H: EXPERT-INQUIRY Preparatory
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You can already register for Office
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Road types In our study, we disting
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General street lighting data - Inst
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6. Can you give us an estimation ab
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Standardization of public lighting
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Roads lit and control 15. What perc
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Road infrastructure 19. Can you giv
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Street lighting: Maintenance 22. Is
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Lamp type NaLP-TC (Low pressure sod
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lamp type wattage past present futu
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luminaire type default 1990 adapted
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ANNEX I: RESPONSE TO “EXPERT-INQU
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ANNEX J: EU-25 LAMP SALES Table 156
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ANNEX K: APPARENT CONSUMPTION VERSU
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Table 160: Apparent consumption of
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ANNEX L: CELMA MARKET ESTIMATIONS T
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ANNEX M: INSTALLED BASE OF STREET L
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ANNEX N: EUROPEAN ROAD NETWORK: 199
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Table 164: Length of European provi
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Table 166: Input data regarding roa
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ANNEX O: EU ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE PRO
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Economic growth is not uniformly di
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ANNEX P: STAKEHOLDERS’ LIST First
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FOTISTIKI SA Pakis Sotiropoulos Gre
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Large control street office Philips
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Final Report Lot 9: Public street lighting - Amper

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