Final Report Lot 9: Public street lighting - Amper

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7.3 Analysis LLCC and BAT Scope: • Ranking of the individual design options by LCC (e.g. option 1, option 2, option 3); • Identifying the Least Life Cycle Cost (LLCC) point and the point with the Best Available Technology (BAT). Options are ranked according to their energy saving potential (Figure 42). The correlation between energy saving and LCC is striking. There is an almost linear relationship between LCC and energy saving per functional unit. This can easily be explained by the dominance of electricity cost in LCC. This is a consequence of the actual product prices compared to the long product life (30 y) and low discount rate (2% = interest - inflation). Therefore all options, with the exception for mercury free lamps (7.2.2.2) should be considered equally from this point of view. The options with negative impact on energy efficiency (Figure 42) are related to the use of mercury free HPS lamps (that have lower efficiency). By consequence the LLCC and BAT point is the sum of all options. 7.3.1 Combined design option for energy efficiency Option combination 1 (new sales base): This option calculates the result of banning all mercury high pressure lamps and luminaires in new sales, using only the most efficient tubular clear HPS-lamps and this only in luminaires with an IP-rating of at least IP65. 7.3.2 BAT design option for energy efficiency Option BAT or combination 2 (new sales base): This option takes into account that: - all high pressure mercury lamps and luminaires are banned - only the most efficient tubular clear HPS- and new MH-lamps are used - only luminaires with an IP-rating of at least IP65 are allowed, - all luminaires for installation on a height higher than 5 m have self cleaning glas, - all luminaires have the highest possible UF rating, - all ballasts are electronically dimmable. Detailed information per option and identification information can be found in the draft spreadsheet 'Hfstk7resultsanalyse.xls' that can be downloaded from the project website. 212
LCC in €/1000f-lm 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 Option 12 BaseCase Option 2 Ranking of options Cat F Option 9 Option 5 Figure 42: All options ranked according to 'energy saving potential' with LCC information for cat F LCC in €/1000f-lm 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 Option 12 BaseCase Option 2 213 Option 10 combination 1 Option 6 Ranking of options Cat M Option 7 Option 9 Option 10 Option 5 Figure 43: All options ranked according to 'energy saving potential' with LCC information for cat M Option 6 Option 11 Option 13 combination 1 Option 11 BAT (comb 2) BAT (comb 2) Option 1 (stock) 0 4000 3500 3000 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 0 10000 9000 8000 7000 6000 5000 4000 3000 2000 1000 Energy in kWh/1000lm Energy in kWh/1000lm
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Free dissemination (Contract TREN/D
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TABLE OF CONTENTS 0 EXECUTIVE SUMMA
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6.1.7 Intelligent electronic dimmab
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LIST OF TABLES Table 1: Simplified
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Table 68: Category S (slow traffic)
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Table 144: Overview of ‘Mercury v
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LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1: Typical s
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Figure 69: Value of lamp production
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even the luminaire in its entirety
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1 PRODUCT DEFINITION The goal of th
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Figure 3: Typical street lighting l
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• Products such as private outdoo
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Figure 8: Example of Fast Traffic (
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“The maintained useful luminous f
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The two following characters indica
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parameters influencing the deprecia
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sum of the individual luminous flux
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This part of the European Standard
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(compact) lamps with power equal to
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Specifies the lamp dimensions, elec
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Specifies the safety requirements f
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Exceptions for lamps: this directiv
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Catalonia 2001: 'LLEI 6/2001, de 31
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Table 3: Mandatory Label for Ballas
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Table 7: Voluntary Label for Ballas
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2 MARKET AND ECONOMIC ANALYSIS The
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Millions of lamps 45,0 40,0 35,0 30
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parts no information on production
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Table 149 and Table 150 in ANNEX E
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Table 10: Overview of lamp and ball
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2.2 Market and stock data To overco
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An introduction message explained t
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Table 156 and Figure 14 indicate th
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pronounced, i.e. the apparent consu
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Road category Road length in 2004 S
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For luminaires we can conclude that
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causes higher currents and by conse
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2005 Luminaires TOTAL %EU25 Capita
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As will be explained in chapter 3 o
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2.3 Market trends 2.3.1 General tre
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manufacturers have dominated the in
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2.4 Consumer expenditure data 2.4.1
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Public street lighting is mainly op
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3 CONSUMER BEHAVIOUR AND LOCAL INFR
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Table 22: Relationship between phot
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4. Dimming to compensate for Lamp L
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can overcome this problem. This pow
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generation of gas discharge lamps i
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clear that light point locations ca
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with, Lav = QO x Eavg Table 28: Ave
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times the height. In category S, th
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ageing of the overall population wi
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4 TECHNICAL ANALYSIS EXISTING PRODU
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lamps. It is unlikely that this wil
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Table 34: Input data for the manufa
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Table 37: Input data for the materi
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The general remarks about this inpu
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With regard to the different parts
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are not directly related to a speci
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4.2 Distribution phase The environm
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distance between light points is be
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Until now, existing scientific evid
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The energy efficiency in the use-ph
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Table 66: Category S (slow traffic)
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The real power consumption (Preal)
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Figure 24: A high amount of light i
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LPDireal [W/(lx.m²)] = P / LPDi /
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5 DEFINITION OF THE BASE CASE AND E
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This results in the following EuP E
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5.1 BaseCase Lamps and ballasts 5.1
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Category S In road category S (slow
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Table 76: Life Cycle Impact per Bas
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Table 78: Life Cycle Impact per Bas
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the higher weight of the control ge
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Page 163 and 164: 5.3 BaseCase Sales The results in t
Page 165 and 166: 5.3.2 Environmental Impact On www.e
Page 167 and 168: Table 84: Life Cycle Impact, Base C
Page 175 and 176: 5.3.3 BaseCase Life Cycle Costs The
Page 177 and 178: Table 93: EU Total Impact of NEW Lu
Page 179 and 180: Discussion of results Again, EU25 t
Page 181 and 182: 5.4.2 Environmental Impact Table 96
Page 185 and 186: Table 100: Life Cycle Impact, Base
Page 187 and 188: Table 102: Impacts sales versus sto
Page 189 and 190: 6 TECHNICAL ANALYSIS BAT AND BNAT S
Page 191 and 192: 6.1.3 Luminaires with improved util
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Page 195 and 196: MH lamps can have a quite short lam
Page 197 and 198: Table 105: LSF for various lamp typ
Page 199 and 200: The energy saving advantages of dim
Page 201 and 202: 6.2 State of the art of best existi
Page 203 and 204: 6.3.3 WLEDs lamps Figure 37: Typica
Page 205 and 206: 7 IMPROVEMENT POTENTIAL 7.1 Introdu
Page 207 and 208: Option 1 (stock base): HPS retrofit
Page 209 and 210: • This option is only technically
Page 211: 7.2.4 Table with EuP EcoReports for
Page 215 and 216: cost indicator (LCC) low high cost
Page 217 and 218: comfort of outdoor lighting, the fi
Page 219 and 220: 8 SCENARIO-, POLICY-, IMPACT- AND S
Page 221 and 222: • For lamps with Ra < 80 power ba
Page 223 and 224: Burning hours LLMF 16000h >0.90 Bur
Page 225 and 226: Proposed timing: ASAP because these
Page 227 and 228: 8.1.1.12 Specific ecodesign require
Page 229 and 230: Table 107: Aggregated results, Busi
Page 231 and 232: Table 111: Annual lamp sales, per c
Page 233 and 234: EU25 electricity consumption, altho
Page 235 and 236: Table 116: Aggregated results, Scen
Page 237 and 238: € increase. The increase between
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Page 241 and 242: 40.000 35.000 30.000 25.000 20.000
Page 243 and 244: Table 126: LCC of luminaire sales i
Page 245 and 246: 45000 40000 35000 30000 25000 20000
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Page 251 and 252: Table 131: Forecast of installed ba
Page 253 and 254: Table 133: Aggregated results, Busi
Page 255 and 256: taking into account pole removal an
Page 257 and 258: Recommendation 3: It is also recomm
Page 259 and 260: 8.2 Impact analysis industry and co
Page 261 and 262: existing installations could even i
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9 REFERENCES AFE (2002) Recommandat
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CIE 135-1999: CIE Collection in vis
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Eurostat (2006). Road lengths of di
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10 ABBREVIATIONS and ACRONYMS Abbre
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IESNA ILCOS IP (rating) IRF ISO L L
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ANNEX A: PRODCOM CATEGORIES OF LIGH
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ANNEX B: EUROPROMS RESULTS FOR LAMP
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Year Region Table 141: Mercury vapo
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ANNEX C: OVERVIEW OF PRODUCTION, TR
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ANNEX D: EUROPROMS RESULTS FOR BALL
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Table 148: Parts (excluding of glas
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ANNEX E: OVERVIEW OF PRODUCTION, TR
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ANNEX F: EUROPROMS RESULTS FOR LUMI
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ANNEX G: OVERVIEW OF LAMP AND BALLA
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Millions of ballasts 600 500 400 30
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ANNEX H: EXPERT-INQUIRY Preparatory
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You can already register for Office
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Road types In our study, we disting
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General street lighting data - Inst
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6. Can you give us an estimation ab
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Standardization of public lighting
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Roads lit and control 15. What perc
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Road infrastructure 19. Can you giv
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Street lighting: Maintenance 22. Is
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Lamp type NaLP-TC (Low pressure sod
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lamp type wattage past present futu
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luminaire type default 1990 adapted
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ANNEX I: RESPONSE TO “EXPERT-INQU
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ANNEX J: EU-25 LAMP SALES Table 156
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ANNEX K: APPARENT CONSUMPTION VERSU
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Table 160: Apparent consumption of
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ANNEX L: CELMA MARKET ESTIMATIONS T
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ANNEX M: INSTALLED BASE OF STREET L
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ANNEX N: EUROPEAN ROAD NETWORK: 199
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Table 164: Length of European provi
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Table 166: Input data regarding roa
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ANNEX O: EU ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE PRO
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Economic growth is not uniformly di
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ANNEX P: STAKEHOLDERS’ LIST First
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FOTISTIKI SA Pakis Sotiropoulos Gre
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Large control street office Philips
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Final Report Lot 9: Public street lighting - Amper

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