Final Report Lot 9: Public street lighting - Amper

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Table 127: Aggregated results, Scenario BAT accelerated DATA Unit EU Total Impact of STOCK of Products in: ((produced, in use, discarded) 2005 2010 2015 2020 Annual Sales Luminaires Millions 2,1 2,4 4,2 4,5 Annual Sales Lamps Millions 18,3 19,4 19,9 20,1 Stock Luminaires Millions 56,3 59,7 63,5 67,5 Other Resources & Waste Annual Electricity use TWh 35,0 36,4 31,4 27,0 Total Energy (GER) PJ 361,9 374,5 325,2 282,5 of which, electricity (in primary MJ) PJ 358,3 370,5 319,4 276,3 Water (process) Mln.m 3 24,1 24,9 21,6 18,8 Waste, non-haz./ landfill Kt 463,4 482,4 434,0 388,0 Waste, hazardous/ incinerated Kt 12,1 12,8 14,4 13,9 Emissions (Air) Greenhouse Gases in GWP100 Mt CO2 eq. 15,9 16,4 14,3 12,5 Acidification, emissions Kt SO2 eq. 93,5 96,7 84,1 73,1 Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) Kt 0,145 0,150 0,138 0,123 Persistent Organic Pollutants (POP) g i-Teq 2,5 2,6 2,3 2,0 Heavy Metals T Ni eq. 6,9 7,2 6,4 5,7 PAHs T Ni eq. 1,3 1,4 1,9 1,9 Particulate Matter (PM, dust) Kt 2,6 2,8 3,0 2,9 Emissions (Water) Heavy Metals T Hg/20 2,7 2,8 2,8 2,6 Eutrophication Kt PO4 11,0 11,4 9,8 8,5 Annual Expenditure, total M Euros 3506 3671 3988 3814 Purchase, luminaires M Euros 388 427 1066 1133 Operating expense, lamp replacement M Euros 208 220 298 295 Operating expense, ballast replacement M Euros - - - - Operating expense, electricity use M Euros 2.805 2.913 2512 2157 Operating expense, installation & maintenance M Euros 105 111 112 111 Table 128: Annual electricity use of installed base, per category (unit: GWh) 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 Fast Ey (GWh) 618 656 727 811 943 959 948 Mixed 16.511 17.013 17.387 17.752 17.646 14.791 12.513 Slow 13.925 14.884 15.646 16.495 17.614 15.655 13.507 TOTAL 31.054 32.553 33.760 35.058 36.203 31.405 26.968 244
45000 40000 35000 30000 25000 20000 15000 10000 5000 0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 Ey, old stock ≤2010 Ey, replaced luminaires >2010 Ey, new luminaires >2010 Ey, total installed base (BAU) Figure 62: Annual electricity use of installed base (unit: GWh) In case of accelerated replacement of all existing BAU luminaires within 15 years with BAT luminaires, total energy saving that can be achieved in 2020 is 31%. The impact on industry of accelerated replacement is increase in production from 2010 on and fall back in 2025 when all old luminaires have been replaced. From 2010 on production capacity has to increase with about 63% to cope with increased demand for BAT luminaires. 8.1.2.5 BAU and BAT scenario analysis : relative contribution of individual improvement options The individual contribution of the improvement options to the BAT and BAU scenario is proportional to the values obtained in chapter 7 (see fig. 45-47). These values are available in a spreadsheet that is separately published. 8.1.3 Sensitivity Analysis The main purpose of this chapter is to verify the robustness of the outcome with regard to the main parameters in this study. 8.1.3.1 Main parameters related to the energy efficiency of a <strong>street</strong> <strong>lighting</strong> base case luminaire (Ey/FU) This is determined by the uncertainty regarding product performance input parameters in the model. So far, non-weighted average input parameters for the product performance are used (see chapters 4 and 5). 245
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Free dissemination (Contract TREN/D
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TABLE OF CONTENTS 0 EXECUTIVE SUMMA
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6.1.7 Intelligent electronic dimmab
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LIST OF TABLES Table 1: Simplified
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Table 68: Category S (slow traffic)
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Table 144: Overview of ‘Mercury v
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LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1: Typical s
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Figure 69: Value of lamp production
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even the luminaire in its entirety
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1 PRODUCT DEFINITION The goal of th
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Figure 3: Typical street lighting l
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• Products such as private outdoo
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Figure 8: Example of Fast Traffic (
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“The maintained useful luminous f
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The two following characters indica
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parameters influencing the deprecia
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sum of the individual luminous flux
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This part of the European Standard
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(compact) lamps with power equal to
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Specifies the lamp dimensions, elec
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Specifies the safety requirements f
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Exceptions for lamps: this directiv
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Catalonia 2001: 'LLEI 6/2001, de 31
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Table 3: Mandatory Label for Ballas
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Table 7: Voluntary Label for Ballas
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2 MARKET AND ECONOMIC ANALYSIS The
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Millions of lamps 45,0 40,0 35,0 30
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parts no information on production
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Table 149 and Table 150 in ANNEX E
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Table 10: Overview of lamp and ball
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2.2 Market and stock data To overco
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An introduction message explained t
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Table 156 and Figure 14 indicate th
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pronounced, i.e. the apparent consu
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Road category Road length in 2004 S
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For luminaires we can conclude that
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causes higher currents and by conse
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2005 Luminaires TOTAL %EU25 Capita
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As will be explained in chapter 3 o
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2.3 Market trends 2.3.1 General tre
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manufacturers have dominated the in
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2.4 Consumer expenditure data 2.4.1
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Public street lighting is mainly op
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3 CONSUMER BEHAVIOUR AND LOCAL INFR
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Table 22: Relationship between phot
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4. Dimming to compensate for Lamp L
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can overcome this problem. This pow
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generation of gas discharge lamps i
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clear that light point locations ca
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with, Lav = QO x Eavg Table 28: Ave
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times the height. In category S, th
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ageing of the overall population wi
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4 TECHNICAL ANALYSIS EXISTING PRODU
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lamps. It is unlikely that this wil
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Table 34: Input data for the manufa
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Table 37: Input data for the materi
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The general remarks about this inpu
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With regard to the different parts
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are not directly related to a speci
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4.2 Distribution phase The environm
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distance between light points is be
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Until now, existing scientific evid
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The energy efficiency in the use-ph
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Table 66: Category S (slow traffic)
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The real power consumption (Preal)
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Figure 24: A high amount of light i
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LPDireal [W/(lx.m²)] = P / LPDi /
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5 DEFINITION OF THE BASE CASE AND E
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This results in the following EuP E
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5.1 BaseCase Lamps and ballasts 5.1
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Category S In road category S (slow
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Table 76: Life Cycle Impact per Bas
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Table 78: Life Cycle Impact per Bas
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the higher weight of the control ge
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Table 80: Aggregated Production, Di
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5.3 BaseCase Sales The results in t
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5.3.2 Environmental Impact On www.e
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Table 84: Life Cycle Impact, Base C
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5.3.3 BaseCase Life Cycle Costs The
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Table 93: EU Total Impact of NEW Lu
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Discussion of results Again, EU25 t
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5.4.2 Environmental Impact Table 96
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Table 100: Life Cycle Impact, Base
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Table 102: Impacts sales versus sto
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6 TECHNICAL ANALYSIS BAT AND BNAT S
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6.1.3 Luminaires with improved util
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Page 195 and 196: MH lamps can have a quite short lam
Page 197 and 198: Table 105: LSF for various lamp typ
Page 199 and 200: The energy saving advantages of dim
Page 201 and 202: 6.2 State of the art of best existi
Page 203 and 204: 6.3.3 WLEDs lamps Figure 37: Typica
Page 205 and 206: 7 IMPROVEMENT POTENTIAL 7.1 Introdu
Page 207 and 208: Option 1 (stock base): HPS retrofit
Page 209 and 210: • This option is only technically
Page 211 and 212: 7.2.4 Table with EuP EcoReports for
Page 213 and 214: LCC in €/1000f-lm 300 250 200 150
Page 215 and 216: cost indicator (LCC) low high cost
Page 217 and 218: comfort of outdoor lighting, the fi
Page 219 and 220: 8 SCENARIO-, POLICY-, IMPACT- AND S
Page 221 and 222: • For lamps with Ra < 80 power ba
Page 223 and 224: Burning hours LLMF 16000h >0.90 Bur
Page 225 and 226: Proposed timing: ASAP because these
Page 227 and 228: 8.1.1.12 Specific ecodesign require
Page 229 and 230: Table 107: Aggregated results, Busi
Page 231 and 232: Table 111: Annual lamp sales, per c
Page 233 and 234: EU25 electricity consumption, altho
Page 235 and 236: Table 116: Aggregated results, Scen
Page 237 and 238: € increase. The increase between
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Page 241 and 242: 40.000 35.000 30.000 25.000 20.000
Page 243: Table 126: LCC of luminaire sales i
Page 247 and 248: anking is from uncertainty in purch
Page 249 and 250: Uncertainty regarding assumed watta
Page 251 and 252: Table 131: Forecast of installed ba
Page 253 and 254: Table 133: Aggregated results, Busi
Page 255 and 256: taking into account pole removal an
Page 257 and 258: Recommendation 3: It is also recomm
Page 259 and 260: 8.2 Impact analysis industry and co
Page 261 and 262: existing installations could even i
Page 263 and 264: 9 REFERENCES AFE (2002) Recommandat
Page 265 and 266: CIE 135-1999: CIE Collection in vis
Page 267 and 268: Eurostat (2006). Road lengths of di
Page 269 and 270: 10 ABBREVIATIONS and ACRONYMS Abbre
Page 271 and 272: IESNA ILCOS IP (rating) IRF ISO L L
Page 273 and 274: ANNEX A: PRODCOM CATEGORIES OF LIGH
Page 275 and 276: ANNEX B: EUROPROMS RESULTS FOR LAMP
Page 277 and 278: Year Region Table 141: Mercury vapo
Page 279 and 280: ANNEX C: OVERVIEW OF PRODUCTION, TR
Page 281 and 282: ANNEX D: EUROPROMS RESULTS FOR BALL
Page 283 and 284: Table 148: Parts (excluding of glas
Page 285 and 286: ANNEX E: OVERVIEW OF PRODUCTION, TR
Page 287 and 288: ANNEX F: EUROPROMS RESULTS FOR LUMI
Page 289 and 290: ANNEX G: OVERVIEW OF LAMP AND BALLA
Page 291 and 292: Millions of ballasts 600 500 400 30
Page 293 and 294: ANNEX H: EXPERT-INQUIRY Preparatory
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You can already register for Office
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Road types In our study, we disting
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General street lighting data - Inst
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6. Can you give us an estimation ab
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Standardization of public lighting
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Roads lit and control 15. What perc
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Road infrastructure 19. Can you giv
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Street lighting: Maintenance 22. Is
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Lamp type NaLP-TC (Low pressure sod
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lamp type wattage past present futu
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luminaire type default 1990 adapted
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ANNEX I: RESPONSE TO “EXPERT-INQU
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ANNEX J: EU-25 LAMP SALES Table 156
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ANNEX K: APPARENT CONSUMPTION VERSU
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Table 160: Apparent consumption of
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ANNEX L: CELMA MARKET ESTIMATIONS T
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ANNEX M: INSTALLED BASE OF STREET L
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ANNEX N: EUROPEAN ROAD NETWORK: 199
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Table 164: Length of European provi
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Table 166: Input data regarding roa
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ANNEX O: EU ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE PRO
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Economic growth is not uniformly di
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ANNEX P: STAKEHOLDERS’ LIST First
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FOTISTIKI SA Pakis Sotiropoulos Gre
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Large control street office Philips
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Final Report Lot 9: Public street lighting - Amper

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