Final Report Lot 9: Public street lighting - Amper

causes higher currents and by consequence higher cable losses. The quality of a capacitor and
thus the amelioration of the power factor decreases over service time. A maximum useful
lifetime declared by capacitor manufacturers is 10 years.
An electronic gear is designed to have a power factor of at least 0.97 and has no additional
capacitor.
Luminaires
The average overall lifetime for luminaires is expressed in years after placement. Because the
lifetime is only influenced by local conditions as weather (humidity, wind…), pollution,
vibrations caused by traffic density, etc., time in service must not be taken into account. A
lifetime of 30 years is common practice. This figure is based on practical experiences and is
confirmed by the first responses to our inquiry. The variation can be considerable. Whereas in
the centre of municipalities and in shopping streets -where public lighting is an element of street
furniture- replacement times can be much shorter e.g. 15 years, in rural areas -with very low
traffic density- luminaires with an age of 35 years and even more can be encountered. Many
installations of 20 years and older are of course no longer complying with the standards on
illumination, depending on the applied maintenance. Regular cleaning of the luminaire is
necessary. This cleaning necessity depends strongly on the characteristics of the luminaire.
Where the reflector of an open luminaire needs at least every 10 years a new polish and
anodizing; a cleaning of the outer glazing at lamp replacement can be sufficient for luminaires
with IP65 optical compartment.
Installed base (“stock”)
ELC EU-25 street lighting sales of 20,7 million and an average product life of 3 years renders
an installed base of some 62,2 million lamps in 2004.
This number corresponds well to the calculated installed base of 56,1 million street lighting
luminaires in EU-25 from the combination of data from the Expert inquiry and literature with
CELMA market estimations 35 (when figures for a certain Member State were missing). The full
compilation of data (and their sources) that were used to derive this estimate of the total EU-25
installed base of street lighting luminaires is presented in Table 16.
Table 16 illustrates that one must keep in mind that considerable variations exist between
different EU Member States when the installed lamp mix is considered. While in Germany
almost half (45%) of the installed base of street lighting is composed out of mercury lamps, this
lamp type forms only 5% of the installed base in Belgium, and is not used at all in the UK.
Although both in the UK and Belgium about 80% of the stock of street lighting is formed by
sodium lamps, there is a clear distinction between this 2 Member States: in the UK the installed
base of sodium lamps is balanced between HPS and LPS, while in Belgium the HPS lamps are
dominant.
In ANNEX L Figure 71 shows a ranking of the 25 EU Member States according to increasing
number of luminaires per capita, while Figure 72 presents an overview of the total installed
luminaires per Member State in EU-25, ranging from 45.000 in Malta to 9.120.000 in Germany.
35 The market estimations provided by CELMA are shown in Table 161 in ANNEX L
75