Table 97: Life Cycle Impact, Base Case, Category F (per 1000 functional lumen) 8 9 TOTAL (per 1000 functional lm) Other Resources & Waste 182 WEIGHTED AVERAGE (SALES) WEIGHTED AVERAGE (STOCK) Total Energy (GER) MJ 37.024 38.585 of which, electricity (in primary MJ) MJ 36.840 38.379 10 Water (process) ltr 2.469 2.574 11 Water (cooling) ltr 98.209 102.306 12 Waste, non-haz./ landfill g 45.789 47.890 13 Waste, hazardous/ incinerated g 1.050 1.105 Emissions (Air) 14 Greenhouse Gases in GWP100 kg CO2 eq. 1.621 1.689 15 Ozone Depletion, emissions mg R-11 eq. negligible negligible 16 Acidification, emissions g SO2 eq. 9.556 9.960 17 Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) g 14 15 18 Persistent Organic Pollutants (POP) ng i-Teq 255 267 19 Heavy Metals to Air mg Ni eq. 723 750 PAHs mg Ni eq. 105 111 20 Particulate Matter (PM, dust) g 237 250 Emissions (Water) 21 Heavy Metals to Water mg Hg/20 261 274 22 Eutrophication g PO4 2 2 23 Persistent Organic Pollutants (POP) ng i-Teq negligible negligible
Table 98: Life Cycle Impact, Base Case Stock, Category M (life cycle phases) Nr Life cycle Impact per product: Author Weighted average stock, category M VITO 1 Life Cycle phases --> PRODUCTION DISTRI- USE END-OF-LIFE* TOTAL Resources Use and Emissions Mat. Manuf Tot. BUTION Disp. Recycl. Total Materials unit Bulk Plastics kg 0,1 0,0 0,0 0,1 0,0 2 TecPlastics kg 1,9 1,7 0,2 1,9 0,0 3 Ferro kg 2,7 0,1 2,6 2,7 0,0 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 Non-ferro kg 3,4 0,2 3,2 3,4 0,0 Coating kg 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0 Electronics kg 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,0 Misc. kg 1,7 0,1 1,6 1,7 0,0 Total weight kg 9,9 2,2 7,7 9,9 0,0 Other Resources & Waste debet credit Total Energy (GER) GJ 1,0 0,2 1,1 0,3 of which, electricity (in primary MJ) GJ 0,2 0,1 0,3 0,0 183 367, 6 367, 6 0,2 0,0 0,1 369,1 0,0 0,0 0,0 367,8 Water (process) m3 0,1 0,0 0,1 0,0 24,5 0,0 0,0 0,0 24,6 Water (cooling) m3 0,4 0,1 0,5 0,0 Waste, non-haz./ landfill kg 25,8 0,8 26,5 0,2 Waste, hazardous/ incinerated Emissions (Air) Greenhouse Gases in GWP100 Ozone Depletion, emissions Acidification, emissions Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) Persistent Organic Pollutants (POP) 980, 1 426, 4 0,0 0,0 0,0 980,6 0,6 0,0 0,6 453,7 kg 0,3 0,0 0,3 0,0 8,5 1,8 0,0 1,8 10,6 t CO2 eq. 0,1 0,0 0,1 0,0 16,0 0,0 0,0 0,0 16,1 g R-11 eq. Negligible kg SO2 eq. 0,5 0,1 0,5 0,1 94,6 0,0 0,0 0,0 95,2 kg 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,1 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,1 μg i-Teq 0,1 0,0 0,1 0,0 2,4 0,0 0,0 0,0 2,5 Heavy Metals g Ni eq. 0,5 0,0 0,6 0,0 6,3 0,0 0,0 0,0 6,9 PAHs g Ni eq. 0,3 0,0 0,3 0,0 0,7 0,0 0,0 0,0 1,0 Particulate Matter (PM, dust) Emissions (Water) kg 0,1 0,0 0,1 0,1 2,0 0,2 0,0 0,2 2,4 Heavy Metals g Hg/20 0,2 0,0 0,2 0,0 2,4 0,0 0,0 0,0 2,6 Eutrophication kg PO4 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0 Persistent Organic Pollutants (POP) μg i-Teq negligible
- Page 1 and 2:
Free dissemination (Contract TREN/D
- Page 3 and 4:
TABLE OF CONTENTS 0 EXECUTIVE SUMMA
- Page 5 and 6:
6.1.7 Intelligent electronic dimmab
- Page 7 and 8:
LIST OF TABLES Table 1: Simplified
- Page 9 and 10:
Table 68: Category S (slow traffic)
- Page 11 and 12:
Table 144: Overview of ‘Mercury v
- Page 13 and 14:
LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1: Typical s
- Page 15:
Figure 69: Value of lamp production
- Page 18 and 19:
even the luminaire in its entirety
- Page 21 and 22:
1 PRODUCT DEFINITION The goal of th
- Page 23 and 24:
Figure 3: Typical street lighting l
- Page 25 and 26:
• Products such as private outdoo
- Page 27 and 28:
Figure 8: Example of Fast Traffic (
- Page 29 and 30:
“The maintained useful luminous f
- Page 31 and 32:
The two following characters indica
- Page 33 and 34:
parameters influencing the deprecia
- Page 35 and 36:
sum of the individual luminous flux
- Page 37 and 38:
This part of the European Standard
- Page 39 and 40:
(compact) lamps with power equal to
- Page 41 and 42:
Specifies the lamp dimensions, elec
- Page 43 and 44:
Specifies the safety requirements f
- Page 45 and 46:
Exceptions for lamps: this directiv
- Page 47 and 48:
Catalonia 2001: 'LLEI 6/2001, de 31
- Page 49 and 50:
Table 3: Mandatory Label for Ballas
- Page 51 and 52:
Table 7: Voluntary Label for Ballas
- Page 53 and 54:
2 MARKET AND ECONOMIC ANALYSIS The
- Page 55 and 56:
Millions of lamps 45,0 40,0 35,0 30
- Page 57 and 58:
parts no information on production
- Page 59 and 60:
Table 149 and Table 150 in ANNEX E
- Page 61 and 62:
Table 10: Overview of lamp and ball
- Page 63 and 64:
2.2 Market and stock data To overco
- Page 65 and 66:
An introduction message explained t
- Page 67 and 68:
Table 156 and Figure 14 indicate th
- Page 69 and 70:
pronounced, i.e. the apparent consu
- Page 71 and 72:
Road category Road length in 2004 S
- Page 73 and 74:
For luminaires we can conclude that
- Page 75 and 76:
causes higher currents and by conse
- Page 77 and 78:
2005 Luminaires TOTAL %EU25 Capita
- Page 79 and 80:
As will be explained in chapter 3 o
- Page 81 and 82:
2.3 Market trends 2.3.1 General tre
- Page 83 and 84:
manufacturers have dominated the in
- Page 85 and 86:
2.4 Consumer expenditure data 2.4.1
- Page 87 and 88:
Public street lighting is mainly op
- Page 89 and 90:
3 CONSUMER BEHAVIOUR AND LOCAL INFR
- Page 91 and 92:
Table 22: Relationship between phot
- Page 93 and 94:
4. Dimming to compensate for Lamp L
- Page 95 and 96:
can overcome this problem. This pow
- Page 97 and 98:
generation of gas discharge lamps i
- Page 99 and 100:
clear that light point locations ca
- Page 101 and 102:
with, Lav = QO x Eavg Table 28: Ave
- Page 103 and 104:
times the height. In category S, th
- Page 105 and 106:
ageing of the overall population wi
- Page 107 and 108:
4 TECHNICAL ANALYSIS EXISTING PRODU
- Page 109 and 110:
lamps. It is unlikely that this wil
- Page 111 and 112:
Table 34: Input data for the manufa
- Page 113 and 114:
Table 37: Input data for the materi
- Page 115 and 116:
The general remarks about this inpu
- Page 117 and 118:
Table 43: Input data for the materi
- Page 119 and 120:
Table 45: Input data for the materi
- Page 121 and 122:
With regard to the different parts
- Page 123 and 124:
Table 49: Input data for the materi
- Page 125 and 126:
Table 53: Input data for the materi
- Page 127 and 128:
Table 55: Input data for the materi
- Page 129 and 130:
are not directly related to a speci
- Page 131 and 132: 4.2 Distribution phase The environm
- Page 133 and 134: distance between light points is be
- Page 135 and 136: Until now, existing scientific evid
- Page 137 and 138: The energy efficiency in the use-ph
- Page 139 and 140: Table 66: Category S (slow traffic)
- Page 141 and 142: The real power consumption (Preal)
- Page 143 and 144: Figure 24: A high amount of light i
- Page 145 and 146: LPDireal [W/(lx.m²)] = P / LPDi /
- Page 147 and 148: 5 DEFINITION OF THE BASE CASE AND E
- Page 149 and 150: This results in the following EuP E
- Page 151 and 152: 5.1 BaseCase Lamps and ballasts 5.1
- Page 153 and 154: Category S In road category S (slow
- Page 155 and 156: Table 76: Life Cycle Impact per Bas
- Page 157 and 158: Table 78: Life Cycle Impact per Bas
- Page 159 and 160: the higher weight of the control ge
- Page 161 and 162: Table 80: Aggregated Production, Di
- Page 163 and 164: 5.3 BaseCase Sales The results in t
- Page 165 and 166: 5.3.2 Environmental Impact On www.e
- Page 167 and 168: Table 84: Life Cycle Impact, Base C
- Page 169 and 170: Table 86: Life Cycle Impact, Base C
- Page 171 and 172: Table 88: Life Cycle Impact, Base C
- Page 173 and 174: Table 90: Life Cycle Impact, Base C
- Page 175 and 176: 5.3.3 BaseCase Life Cycle Costs The
- Page 177 and 178: Table 93: EU Total Impact of NEW Lu
- Page 179 and 180: Discussion of results Again, EU25 t
- Page 181: 5.4.2 Environmental Impact Table 96
- Page 185 and 186: Table 100: Life Cycle Impact, Base
- Page 187 and 188: Table 102: Impacts sales versus sto
- Page 189 and 190: 6 TECHNICAL ANALYSIS BAT AND BNAT S
- Page 191 and 192: 6.1.3 Luminaires with improved util
- Page 193 and 194: there is an increased reflection on
- Page 195 and 196: MH lamps can have a quite short lam
- Page 197 and 198: Table 105: LSF for various lamp typ
- Page 199 and 200: The energy saving advantages of dim
- Page 201 and 202: 6.2 State of the art of best existi
- Page 203 and 204: 6.3.3 WLEDs lamps Figure 37: Typica
- Page 205 and 206: 7 IMPROVEMENT POTENTIAL 7.1 Introdu
- Page 207 and 208: Option 1 (stock base): HPS retrofit
- Page 209 and 210: • This option is only technically
- Page 211 and 212: 7.2.4 Table with EuP EcoReports for
- Page 213 and 214: LCC in €/1000f-lm 300 250 200 150
- Page 215 and 216: cost indicator (LCC) low high cost
- Page 217 and 218: comfort of outdoor lighting, the fi
- Page 219 and 220: 8 SCENARIO-, POLICY-, IMPACT- AND S
- Page 221 and 222: • For lamps with Ra < 80 power ba
- Page 223 and 224: Burning hours LLMF 16000h >0.90 Bur
- Page 225 and 226: Proposed timing: ASAP because these
- Page 227 and 228: 8.1.1.12 Specific ecodesign require
- Page 229 and 230: Table 107: Aggregated results, Busi
- Page 231 and 232: Table 111: Annual lamp sales, per c
- Page 233 and 234:
EU25 electricity consumption, altho
- Page 235 and 236:
Table 116: Aggregated results, Scen
- Page 237 and 238:
€ increase. The increase between
- Page 239 and 240:
500 450 400 350 300 250 200 150 100
- Page 241 and 242:
40.000 35.000 30.000 25.000 20.000
- Page 243 and 244:
Table 126: LCC of luminaire sales i
- Page 245 and 246:
45000 40000 35000 30000 25000 20000
- Page 247 and 248:
anking is from uncertainty in purch
- Page 249 and 250:
Uncertainty regarding assumed watta
- Page 251 and 252:
Table 131: Forecast of installed ba
- Page 253 and 254:
Table 133: Aggregated results, Busi
- Page 255 and 256:
taking into account pole removal an
- Page 257 and 258:
Recommendation 3: It is also recomm
- Page 259 and 260:
8.2 Impact analysis industry and co
- Page 261 and 262:
existing installations could even i
- Page 263 and 264:
9 REFERENCES AFE (2002) Recommandat
- Page 265 and 266:
CIE 135-1999: CIE Collection in vis
- Page 267 and 268:
Eurostat (2006). Road lengths of di
- Page 269 and 270:
10 ABBREVIATIONS and ACRONYMS Abbre
- Page 271 and 272:
IESNA ILCOS IP (rating) IRF ISO L L
- Page 273 and 274:
ANNEX A: PRODCOM CATEGORIES OF LIGH
- Page 275 and 276:
ANNEX B: EUROPROMS RESULTS FOR LAMP
- Page 277 and 278:
Year Region Table 141: Mercury vapo
- Page 279 and 280:
ANNEX C: OVERVIEW OF PRODUCTION, TR
- Page 281 and 282:
ANNEX D: EUROPROMS RESULTS FOR BALL
- Page 283 and 284:
Table 148: Parts (excluding of glas
- Page 285 and 286:
ANNEX E: OVERVIEW OF PRODUCTION, TR
- Page 287 and 288:
ANNEX F: EUROPROMS RESULTS FOR LUMI
- Page 289 and 290:
ANNEX G: OVERVIEW OF LAMP AND BALLA
- Page 291 and 292:
Millions of ballasts 600 500 400 30
- Page 293 and 294:
ANNEX H: EXPERT-INQUIRY Preparatory
- Page 295 and 296:
You can already register for Office
- Page 297 and 298:
Road types In our study, we disting
- Page 299 and 300:
General street lighting data - Inst
- Page 301 and 302:
6. Can you give us an estimation ab
- Page 303 and 304:
Standardization of public lighting
- Page 305 and 306:
Roads lit and control 15. What perc
- Page 307 and 308:
Road infrastructure 19. Can you giv
- Page 309 and 310:
Street lighting: Maintenance 22. Is
- Page 311 and 312:
Lamp type NaLP-TC (Low pressure sod
- Page 313 and 314:
lamp type wattage past present futu
- Page 315 and 316:
luminaire type default 1990 adapted
- Page 317 and 318:
ANNEX I: RESPONSE TO “EXPERT-INQU
- Page 319 and 320:
ANNEX J: EU-25 LAMP SALES Table 156
- Page 321 and 322:
ANNEX K: APPARENT CONSUMPTION VERSU
- Page 323 and 324:
Table 160: Apparent consumption of
- Page 325 and 326:
ANNEX L: CELMA MARKET ESTIMATIONS T
- Page 327 and 328:
ANNEX M: INSTALLED BASE OF STREET L
- Page 329 and 330:
ANNEX N: EUROPEAN ROAD NETWORK: 199
- Page 331 and 332:
Table 164: Length of European provi
- Page 333 and 334:
Table 166: Input data regarding roa
- Page 335 and 336:
ANNEX O: EU ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE PRO
- Page 337 and 338:
Economic growth is not uniformly di
- Page 339 and 340:
ANNEX P: STAKEHOLDERS’ LIST First
- Page 341 and 342:
FOTISTIKI SA Pakis Sotiropoulos Gre
- Page 343 and 344:
Large control street office Philips