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Modeling and Multivariate Methods - SAS

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370 Performing Time Series Analysis Chapter 14<br />

Transfer Functions<br />

Figure 14.11 Output <strong>and</strong> Input Series Menus<br />

Diagnostics<br />

Both parts give basic diagnostics, including the sample mean (Mean), sample st<strong>and</strong>ard deviation (Std), <strong>and</strong><br />

series length (N).<br />

In addition, the platform tests for stationarity using Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) tests.<br />

Zero Mean ADF<br />

x t<br />

= φx t – 1<br />

+ e t<br />

Single Mean ADF<br />

x t<br />

– μ = φ ( x t – 1<br />

– μ ) + e t<br />

Trend ADF<br />

tests against a r<strong>and</strong>om walk with zero mean, i.e.<br />

tests against a r<strong>and</strong>om walk with a non-zero mean, i.e.<br />

tests against a r<strong>and</strong>om walk with a non-zero mean <strong>and</strong> a linear trend, i.e.<br />

x t<br />

– μ – βt = φ[ x t – 1<br />

– μ – β( t – 1)<br />

] + e t<br />

Basic diagnostics also include the autocorrelation <strong>and</strong> partial autocorrelation functions, as well as the<br />

Ljung-Box Q-statistic <strong>and</strong> p-values, found under the Time Series Basic Diagnostics outline node.<br />

The Cross Correlation comm<strong>and</strong> adds a cross-correlation plot to the report. The length of the plot is twice<br />

that of an autocorrelation plot, or 2 × ACF length + 1 .

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