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VLAN support in AIX 5L is based on the IEEE 802.1Q VLAN implementation. AIX 5L can be used with port-based VLAN too, but this is completely transparent to AIX 5L. VLAN support is not special to <strong>Advanced</strong> <strong>POWER</strong> <strong>Virtualization</strong> on IBM System p5, but available on all IBM System p servers with the appropriate level of AIX 5L. The IEEE 802.1Q VLAN support is achieved by letting the AIX 5L VLAN device driver add a VLAN ID tag to every Ethernet frame, as shown in Figure 2-15, and the Ethernet switches restricting the frames to ports that are authorized to receive frames with that VLAN ID. To and from application or higher-level protocols Layer 2 Layer 3 Layer 4+ Ethernet header 14 bytes IP- header IP- header data data payload data payload CRC a chunk of data an IP packet (max. 1500 bytes) an untagged ethernet frame (max. 1518 bytes) Ethernet header VID IP- header payload data CRC a tagged ethernet frame (max. 1522 bytes) 18 bytes receive send 4 bytes To and from an VLAN tagged port on an Ethernet switch Figure 2-15 The VID is placed in the extended Ethernet header 74 <strong>Advanced</strong> <strong>POWER</strong> <strong>Virtualization</strong> on IBM System p5
The VLAN ID is placed in the Ethernet header and constitutes no additional header. To be able to do this, the Ethernet frame size for tagged frames was increased from 1518 bytes to 1522 bytes and the Ethernet header format was slightly modified with the introduction of IEEE802.1Q. Thus, in contrast to, for example, Point-to-Point-Protocol-over-Ethernet (PPPoE), which is commonly used for xDSL with a MTU of 1492, you do not have to care about reducing the TCP/IP’s MTU of 1500 with respect to VLAN ID tagging. Note: You do not have to reduce the TCP/IP default MTU size of 1500 for Ethernet due to the additional 4 bytes introduced by IEEE 802.1Q VLANs. Attention: If you increase the TCP/IP’s MTU size for virtual Ethernet that are implemented by the <strong>POWER</strong> Hypervisor, as introduced in 2.8.2, “Inter-partition networking with virtual Ethernet” on page 79, you must take the additional 4 bytes introduced by IEEE 802.1Q VLANs into account: the maximum MTU is 65394 without VLANs and 65390 bytes with VLANs. This is due to a limit of 65408 bytes for virtual Ethernet frames transmitted through the <strong>POWER</strong> Hypervisor. (The Ethernet headers are 14 and 18 bytes respectively, but there is no need for the 4 byte CRC in the <strong>POWER</strong> Hypervisor). A port on a VLAN-capable switch has a default Port virtual LAN ID (PVID) that indicates the default VLAN the port belongs to. The switch adds the PVID tag to untagged packets that are received by that port. In addition to a PVID, a port may belong to additional VLANs and have those VLAN IDs assigned to it that indicate the additional VLANs the port belongs to. ► ► A switch port with a PVID only is called an untagged port. Untagged ports are used to connect VLAN-unaware hosts. A port with a PVID and additional VIDs is called a tagged port. Tagged ports are used to connect VLAN-aware hosts. VLAN-aware means that the host is IEEE 802.1Q compatible and can interpret VLAN tags, and thus can interpret them, add them, and remove them from Ethernet frames. A VLAN-unaware host could be confused by receiving a tagged Ethernet frame. It would drop the frame and indicate a frame error. Receiving packets on a tagged port A tagged port uses the following rules when receiving a packet from a host: 1. Tagged port receives an untagged packet: The packet will be tagged with the PVID, then forwarded. Chapter 2. <strong>Virtualization</strong> technologies on System p servers 75
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Front cover Advanced</stron
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Note: Before using this information
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2.1 New features in Version 1.3 of
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4.4.2 Configuration on the Virtual
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6.6.4 Managing memory resources . .
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3-9 Processing sharing mode and the
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5-14 Status window . . . . . . . .
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xiv Advanced <stro
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xvi Advanced <stro
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any form without payment to IBM, fo
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The team that wrote this redbook Th
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xxii Advanced <str
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- Additional information about the
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management” on page 257 discusses
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1.1.5 Virtual LAN 1.1.6 Virtual I/O
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The service processor provides the
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Adapter sparing Adapter sparing can
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1.4.1 IBM AIX 5L for System p5 syst
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Note: i5/OS partitions are only sup
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Function / capability IBM System z9
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1.6 The value of the Advanc
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18 Advanced <stron
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2.1 New features in Version 1.3 of
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► throughput and performance. For
Page 50 and 51: ► IVM enhancements Industry leadi
Page 52 and 53: Shared Ethernet Adapter failover ca
Page 54 and 55: the partition. This allows you to c
Page 56 and 57: Figure 2-2 ASMI menu to enable the
Page 58 and 59: management interface for systems wi
Page 60 and 61: When setting up a partition, you ha
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Page 64 and 65: processors and the other a single o
Page 66 and 67: Figure 2-5 shows the usage of the s
Page 68 and 69: 2.4.5 Dynamic partitioning Partitio
Page 70 and 71: Number of virtual processors In gen
Page 72 and 73: The benefit of SMT is greatest wher
Page 74 and 75: Setting SMT mode using SMIT Use the
Page 76 and 77: The Hypervisor firmware and the hos
Page 78 and 79: Partition 2 is configured with one
Page 80 and 81: Note: The Virtual I/O Server suppor
Page 82 and 83: Most ISVs consider partitions with
Page 84 and 85: When a partition is running as unca
Page 86 and 87: ► ► ► Selected IBM software p
Page 88 and 89: Shared pool = 4 CPU Sum EC = 3.0 PU
Page 90 and 91: For more information about the use
Page 92 and 93: Table 2-5 Licensing estimation for
Page 94 and 95: Maximum virtual processors used Cap
Page 96 and 97: 2.8 Virtual and Shared Ethernet int
Page 98 and 99: ► VLAN 2 - Node A-2 - Node B-3 -
Page 102 and 103: 2. Tagged port receives a packet ta
Page 104 and 105: page 78. EtherChannel and Link Aggr
Page 106 and 107: Note: In this type of configuration
Page 108 and 109: Figure 2-18 Shared Ethernet Adapter
Page 110 and 111: Other aspects that have to be taken
Page 112 and 113: ► Only packets for the VLAN speci
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Page 116 and 117: ► The value proposition enabling
Page 118 and 119: Figure 2-21 Virtual SCSI architectu
Page 120 and 121: Figure 2-23 and Figure 2-24 show th
Page 122 and 123: 4. In the Virtual I/O Server, vios1
Page 124 and 125: The following are the steps to unco
Page 126 and 127: ► ► A logical volume on the Vir
Page 128 and 129: I/O configuration, performance is a
Page 130 and 131: Hardware management is done by an H
Page 132 and 133: VMC allows IVM to provide basic log
Page 134 and 135: Virtual TTY In order to allow LPAR
Page 136 and 137: 2.13.1 Linux device drivers for IBM
Page 138 and 139: Mirroring Linux can mirror disks by
Page 140 and 141: Figure 2-29 Bridging a virtual and
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Page 144 and 145: 3.1 Getting started This section pr
Page 146 and 147: lspath mkpath mkvdev mkvt rmdev rmp
Page 148 and 149: 3.1.2 Hardware resources managed Th
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3.2 Creating a Virtual I/O Server p
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3. Enter the partition name and ID
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5. You have the option to change th
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7. Select the Shared check box for
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9. Specify the processing sharing m
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11.Skip setting the I/O pools, as s
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2. Click the Create adapter button
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5. Add a virtual SCSI adapter to vi
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7. Select Normal for your boot mode
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A few seconds after the status wind
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3. Select the VIO_Server1 profile a
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You are now ready to use the newly
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3. Specify the Maximum virtual adap
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You can use the lsmap -all -net com
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2. Select the check box AIX or Linu
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2. Click Create client adapter. The
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4. Click Create server adapter and
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6. When the operation is complete,
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9. When you have completed adding v
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Server SCSI adapters have been adde
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Using logical partitions In our bas
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Note: Based on the lsdev -vpd comma
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It is useful to be able to map the
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Assuming that a NIM master is confi
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3. Set up the NIM master IP address
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3.4.6 Mirroring the Virtual I/O Ser
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Once the interaction between virtua
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Figure 3-45 shows the steps to crea
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Ethernet server adapter and a physi
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4.1 Providing higher serviceability
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Figure 4-1 MPIO and LV Mirroring wi
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Some advanced topics with respect t
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While EC is an Cisco-specific imple
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Alternatives for network high avail
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Figure 4-6 IP multipathing in the c
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SEA Failover works as follows: Two
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Although the alternative configurat
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► With NIB, the two internal netw
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In Figure 4-11 on page 201, a clien
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When Virtual I/O Server 2 returns t
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few cycles to set up, but none for
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4.1.7 Considerations The following
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. On step 10, allocate an unused Et
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7. Check the devices list on your V
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Figure 4-17 shows the intended solu
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. Click the Create Adapter button,
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Tip: Mismatching SEA and SEA Failov
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Checking which SEA is active Checki
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In this scenario, we attach each Vi
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2. Configure the SEA, as described
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5. Check for the vhost adapter usin
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8. Check again, using the lsdev com
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Check the mappings, as shown in Exa
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2. Check the MPIO configuration by
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To determine which path will use th
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7. On the first LPAR, create an enh
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A switch can be forced with the /us
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The configurations described in thi
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We recommend using mirroring, strip
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Supported multi-path configurations
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Supported scenarios using one Virtu
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Supported scenarios using multiple
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4.7.2 Supported Ethernet configurat
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In order to help clients improve th
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Clients can find the fixes and file
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Figure 4-35 shows the basic conside
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256 Advanced <stro
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5.1 Dynamic LPAR operations This se
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5. Figure 5-3 shows you the Virtual
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another partition. Use the lsslot -
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2. Select the adapter to be moved a
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5.1.3 Add memory dynamically in AIX
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5.1.4 Removing memory dynamically T
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The following command shows the eff
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2. Figure 5-17 shows the current pr
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et1 Defined 01-09 IEEE 802.3 Ethern
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1. Use the diagmenu command to unco
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5. Locate the blinking adapter, rep
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► Figure 5-19 shows you the topol
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Example 5-4 shows how to back up th
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Example 5-6 Creating a Virtual I/O
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5.2.5 Restoring the Virtual I/O Ser
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For an AIX 5L NIM server recovery,
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To view the System Plan, Select Sys
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In Example 5-11, we look to the map
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The last information we need is the
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In a mirrored environment, issue th
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Figure 5-23 shows that the virtual
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csm.diagnostics 1.5.0.0 # Cluster S
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os.txt.spell 5.3.0.10 # Writer's To
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hd3 jfs2 1 2 2 open/syncd /tmp hd1
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Adding a PCI hot plug adapter The t
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The following is a list of empty SC
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After the disk is replaced and brou
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2. Get a larger disk from the Virtu
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The updateios command does not comm
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Note: You can use dsh based on rsh,
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2 Checking if Redundancy with dual
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STATUS=`lspath -l $n | grep Failed
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Traditional performance measurement
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CPU statistics in shared-processors
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This is shown in Example 5-22 and E
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5.5.4 The topas command The topas c
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capped, and uncapped. The Mem and t
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Tip: The output of topas -cecdisp w
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These files can now be processed wi
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interval and count parameters. The
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The lparstat command POWER<
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Note: The variable capacity weight
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Column Measured parameter Comments
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The sysstat command The sysstat com
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write: wps avgserv minserv maxserv
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5.5.7 Monitoring with PLM The Parti
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Use the perfwb command to start the
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Using the r and p switches after st
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The nmon process runs in the backgr
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The POWER Hypervis
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5.7 Security considerations for Vir
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The firewall can be switched on and
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Enable mail client (dismaildmndls):
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Network option extendednetstats (ex
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Enable unsecure daemons (disrmtdmns
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Minimum number of chars (mindiffhls
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370 Advanced <stro
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6.1 Partition Load Manager introduc
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Notes: ► The PLM server may resid
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When PLM is notified that a partiti
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6.1.4 Memory management PLM manages
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However, the managed nodes know not
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sh and rcp During its installation,
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2. Create a toc file with the inuto
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. Append the PLM server public key
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You can set up the RMC using a scri
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Define a PLM policy as follows: 1.
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Table 6-2 CPU-related tunables CPU
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Memory tunables Table 6-4 shows the
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1. Start the Web-based System Manag
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4. Complete the information in the
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. Fill out the values for the tunab
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8. Specify the CPU resource policy
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Clicking the OK button will create
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. From the Web-based System Manager
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2. Click the Groups tab, and then t
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Figure 6-21 Edit Policy File partit
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The policy_file and log_file parame
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In its short form, the xlplm -Q com
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6.3 Point-in-time and recurring rec
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Select the type of operation you wi
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6.4 Tips and troubleshooting PLM Th
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Note: Exchanging keys is an importa
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The Identity entry is either based
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120200c10d3ad7a20951523b7c01bd31f42
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► ► PLM does not directly state
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6.6 Resource management Owners of I
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Characteristics of WLM, PLM, and sh
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Evaluating CPU utilization Traditio
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Shared-processor partitions support
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438 Advanced <stro
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FDX FLOP FRU FTP GDPS GID GPFS GUI
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442 Advanced <stro
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Other publications These publicatio
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► ► ► ► Virtual I/O Server
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cfgdev command 163, 203, 264 cfgmgr
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excess weight, PLM 376 extendlv com
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Micro-Partitioning 3, 32-33 49 capp
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processor dispatch 43, 50 processor
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VIO 59 virtual processor 61 mainten
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target 90, 92 virtual SCSI Server a
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