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6.1.4 Memory management PLM manages memory by moving Logical Memory Blocks (LMBs) across partitions. The size of the LMB depends on the amount of memory installed in the CEC. It varies between 16 and 256 MB. The size of the LMB can be modified with the <strong>Advanced</strong> System Management Interface (ASMI) on the HMC. To determine when there is demand for memory, PLM uses two metrics: ► Utilization percentage (ratio of memory in use to the amount of memory configured) ► The page replacement rate Memory load is discussed in more detail in 6.6.2, “How load is evaluated” on page 433 and additional details of memory management are presented in 6.6.4, “Managing memory resources” on page 436. AIX 5L will make use of all the memory made available to it. It will not move pages out of memory unless it needs to bring in other pages from disk. This means that even if there is excess memory, AIX 5L will use it, and it will be reported as used by the AIX 5L tools, even though there are no applications that are using it. Because of this, partitions will rarely become donors. 6.1.5 Processor management For dedicated processor partitions, PLM moves physical processors, one at a time, from partitions that are not utilizing them or that have a higher excess weight, to partitions that have demand for them. This enables dedicated processor partitions running to better utilize their resources, for example, smoothing the transition from end-of-day transactions to the nightly batch jobs. For shared processor partitions, PLM manages the entitled capacity and the number of virtual processors (VPs). When a partition has requested more processor capacity, PLM will increase the entitled capacity for the requesting partition if additional processor capacity is available. PLM can increase the number of virtual processors to increase the partition's potential to consume processor resources under high load conditions for both capped and uncapped partitions. Conversely, PLM will also decrease entitled capacity and the number of virtual processors under low-load conditions, to more efficiently utilize the underlying physical processors. 378 <strong>Advanced</strong> <strong>POWER</strong> <strong>Virtualization</strong> on IBM System p5
Note: The virtual processor folding optimization introduced in AIX 5L V5.3 ML3 renders the management of the virtual processor count by PLM unnecessary in most situations, but removing virtual processors is more efficient than VP folding, so in some circumstances management of virtual processors by PLM may be appropriate. Refer to “Virtual processor folding” on page 36. Processor management is discussed in more detail in 6.6.3, “Managing CPU resources” on page 435. 6.1.6 Resource Monitoring and Control (RMC) PLM uses the Resource Monitoring and Control (RMC) subsystem for network communication, which provides a robust and stable framework for monitoring and managing resources. Resource Monitoring and Control (RMC) is the communications and event framework used by PLM. This section briefly introduces the key concepts and features of RMC necessary to understand how PLM works. For a more thorough treatment of RMC, see A Practical Guide for Resource Monitoring and Control (RMC), SG24-6615 and the AIX 5L product documentation. RMC is a function that gives you the ability to monitor the state of system resources and respond when predefined thresholds are crossed, so that you can perform many routine tasks automatically. RMC is bundled with AIX 5L as a no-charge feature and is installed by default with the operating system. RMC is a subset function of Reliable Scalable Cluster Technology (RSCT). RMC monitors resources (disk space, CPU usage, processor status, application processes, and so on) and performs an action in response to a defined condition. RMC can work in a stand-alone or a clustered (multi-machine or multi-partition) environment. RMC enables you to configure response actions or scripts that manage general system conditions with little or no involvement from the administrator. For example, you can configure RMC to automatically expand a file system if its usage exceeds 95 percent. When working with PLM, RMC is configured in a clustered environment as a management domain. In a management domain, nodes are managed by a management server. The management server is aware of all the nodes it manages and all managed nodes are aware of their management server. Chapter 6. Partition Load Manager 379
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Front cover Advanced</stron
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Note: Before using this information
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2.1 New features in Version 1.3 of
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4.4.2 Configuration on the Virtual
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6.6.4 Managing memory resources . .
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3-9 Processing sharing mode and the
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5-14 Status window . . . . . . . .
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xiv Advanced <stro
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xvi Advanced <stro
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any form without payment to IBM, fo
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The team that wrote this redbook Th
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xxii Advanced <str
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- Additional information about the
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management” on page 257 discusses
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1.1.5 Virtual LAN 1.1.6 Virtual I/O
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The service processor provides the
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Adapter sparing Adapter sparing can
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1.4.1 IBM AIX 5L for System p5 syst
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Note: i5/OS partitions are only sup
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Function / capability IBM System z9
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1.6 The value of the Advanc
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18 Advanced <stron
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2.1 New features in Version 1.3 of
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► throughput and performance. For
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► IVM enhancements Industry leadi
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Shared Ethernet Adapter failover ca
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the partition. This allows you to c
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Figure 2-2 ASMI menu to enable the
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management interface for systems wi
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When setting up a partition, you ha
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partition with 0.50 processing unit
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processors and the other a single o
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Figure 2-5 shows the usage of the s
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2.4.5 Dynamic partitioning Partitio
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Number of virtual processors In gen
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The benefit of SMT is greatest wher
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Setting SMT mode using SMIT Use the
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The Hypervisor firmware and the hos
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Partition 2 is configured with one
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Note: The Virtual I/O Server suppor
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Most ISVs consider partitions with
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When a partition is running as unca
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► ► ► Selected IBM software p
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Shared pool = 4 CPU Sum EC = 3.0 PU
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For more information about the use
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Table 2-5 Licensing estimation for
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Maximum virtual processors used Cap
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2.8 Virtual and Shared Ethernet int
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► VLAN 2 - Node A-2 - Node B-3 -
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VLAN support in AIX 5L is based on
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2. Tagged port receives a packet ta
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page 78. EtherChannel and Link Aggr
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Note: In this type of configuration
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Figure 2-18 Shared Ethernet Adapter
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Other aspects that have to be taken
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► Only packets for the VLAN speci
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► Packets tagged with a VLAN othe
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► The value proposition enabling
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Figure 2-21 Virtual SCSI architectu
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Figure 2-23 and Figure 2-24 show th
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4. In the Virtual I/O Server, vios1
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The following are the steps to unco
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► ► A logical volume on the Vir
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I/O configuration, performance is a
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Hardware management is done by an H
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VMC allows IVM to provide basic log
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Virtual TTY In order to allow LPAR
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2.13.1 Linux device drivers for IBM
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Mirroring Linux can mirror disks by
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Figure 2-29 Bridging a virtual and
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116 Advanced <stro
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3.1 Getting started This section pr
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lspath mkpath mkvdev mkvt rmdev rmp
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3.1.2 Hardware resources managed Th
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3.2 Creating a Virtual I/O Server p
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3. Enter the partition name and ID
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5. You have the option to change th
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7. Select the Shared check box for
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9. Specify the processing sharing m
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11.Skip setting the I/O pools, as s
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2. Click the Create adapter button
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5. Add a virtual SCSI adapter to vi
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7. Select Normal for your boot mode
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A few seconds after the status wind
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3. Select the VIO_Server1 profile a
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You are now ready to use the newly
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3. Specify the Maximum virtual adap
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You can use the lsmap -all -net com
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2. Select the check box AIX or Linu
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2. Click Create client adapter. The
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4. Click Create server adapter and
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6. When the operation is complete,
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9. When you have completed adding v
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Server SCSI adapters have been adde
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Using logical partitions In our bas
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Note: Based on the lsdev -vpd comma
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It is useful to be able to map the
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Assuming that a NIM master is confi
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3. Set up the NIM master IP address
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3.4.6 Mirroring the Virtual I/O Ser
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Once the interaction between virtua
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Figure 3-45 shows the steps to crea
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Ethernet server adapter and a physi
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4.1 Providing higher serviceability
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Figure 4-1 MPIO and LV Mirroring wi
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Some advanced topics with respect t
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While EC is an Cisco-specific imple
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Alternatives for network high avail
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Figure 4-6 IP multipathing in the c
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SEA Failover works as follows: Two
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Although the alternative configurat
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► With NIB, the two internal netw
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In Figure 4-11 on page 201, a clien
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When Virtual I/O Server 2 returns t
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few cycles to set up, but none for
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4.1.7 Considerations The following
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. On step 10, allocate an unused Et
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7. Check the devices list on your V
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Figure 4-17 shows the intended solu
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. Click the Create Adapter button,
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Tip: Mismatching SEA and SEA Failov
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Checking which SEA is active Checki
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In this scenario, we attach each Vi
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2. Configure the SEA, as described
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5. Check for the vhost adapter usin
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8. Check again, using the lsdev com
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Check the mappings, as shown in Exa
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2. Check the MPIO configuration by
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To determine which path will use th
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7. On the first LPAR, create an enh
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A switch can be forced with the /us
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The configurations described in thi
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We recommend using mirroring, strip
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Supported multi-path configurations
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Supported scenarios using one Virtu
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Supported scenarios using multiple
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4.7.2 Supported Ethernet configurat
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In order to help clients improve th
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Clients can find the fixes and file
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Figure 4-35 shows the basic conside
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256 Advanced <stro
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5.1 Dynamic LPAR operations This se
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5. Figure 5-3 shows you the Virtual
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another partition. Use the lsslot -
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2. Select the adapter to be moved a
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5.1.3 Add memory dynamically in AIX
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5.1.4 Removing memory dynamically T
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The following command shows the eff
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2. Figure 5-17 shows the current pr
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et1 Defined 01-09 IEEE 802.3 Ethern
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1. Use the diagmenu command to unco
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5. Locate the blinking adapter, rep
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► Figure 5-19 shows you the topol
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Example 5-4 shows how to back up th
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Example 5-6 Creating a Virtual I/O
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5.2.5 Restoring the Virtual I/O Ser
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For an AIX 5L NIM server recovery,
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To view the System Plan, Select Sys
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In Example 5-11, we look to the map
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The last information we need is the
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In a mirrored environment, issue th
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Figure 5-23 shows that the virtual
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csm.diagnostics 1.5.0.0 # Cluster S
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os.txt.spell 5.3.0.10 # Writer's To
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hd3 jfs2 1 2 2 open/syncd /tmp hd1
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Adding a PCI hot plug adapter The t
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The following is a list of empty SC
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After the disk is replaced and brou
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2. Get a larger disk from the Virtu
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The updateios command does not comm
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Note: You can use dsh based on rsh,
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2 Checking if Redundancy with dual
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STATUS=`lspath -l $n | grep Failed
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Traditional performance measurement
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CPU statistics in shared-processors
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This is shown in Example 5-22 and E
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Page 366 and 367: Note: The variable capacity weight
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Page 374 and 375: 5.5.7 Monitoring with PLM The Parti
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Page 378 and 379: Using the r and p switches after st
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Page 398 and 399: 6.1 Partition Load Manager introduc
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Page 416 and 417: Define a PLM policy as follows: 1.
Page 418 and 419: Table 6-2 CPU-related tunables CPU
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Page 422 and 423: 1. Start the Web-based System Manag
Page 424 and 425: 4. Complete the information in the
Page 426 and 427: . Fill out the values for the tunab
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Page 430 and 431: Clicking the OK button will create
Page 432 and 433: . From the Web-based System Manager
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Page 440 and 441: In its short form, the xlplm -Q com
Page 442 and 443: 6.3 Point-in-time and recurring rec
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Page 446 and 447: 6.4 Tips and troubleshooting PLM Th
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► ► PLM does not directly state
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6.6 Resource management Owners of I
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Characteristics of WLM, PLM, and sh
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Evaluating CPU utilization Traditio
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Shared-processor partitions support
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438 Advanced <stro
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FDX FLOP FRU FTP GDPS GID GPFS GUI
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442 Advanced <stro
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Other publications These publicatio
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► ► ► ► Virtual I/O Server
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cfgdev command 163, 203, 264 cfgmgr
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excess weight, PLM 376 extendlv com
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Micro-Partitioning 3, 32-33 49 capp
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processor dispatch 43, 50 processor
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VIO 59 virtual processor 61 mainten
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target 90, 92 virtual SCSI Server a
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