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2.1 New features in Version 1.3 of the Virtual I/O Server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 2.1.1 New and enhanced features in Virtual I/O Server Version 1.3 . . . . . 20 2.1.2 Additional information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 2.2 Features in Version 1.2 of the Virtual I/O Server. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 2.2.1 Virtual DVD-RAM, DVD-ROM, and CD-ROM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 2.2.2 Shared Ethernet Adapter failover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 2.2.3 Integrated <strong>Virtualization</strong> Manager . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 2.2.4 New storage pool commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 2.2.5 HMC enhancements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 2.3 The <strong>Advanced</strong> <strong>POWER</strong> <strong>Virtualization</strong> feature. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 2.4 Micro-Partitioning introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 2.4.1 Shared processor partitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 2.4.2 Shared processor pool overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 2.4.3 Capacity Upgrade on Demand . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 2.4.4 Dynamic processor de-allocation and processor sparing . . . . . . . . . 41 2.4.5 Dynamic partitioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 2.4.6 Shared processor considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 2.5 Introduction to simultaneous multithreading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 2.5.1 <strong>POWER</strong>5 processor SMT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 2.5.2 SMT and AIX 5L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 2.5.3 SMT control in Linux . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 2.6 Introduction to the <strong>POWER</strong> Hypervisor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 2.6.1 <strong>POWER</strong> Hypervisor virtual processor dispatch. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 2.6.2 <strong>POWER</strong> Hypervisor and virtual I/O . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 2.6.3 System port (virtual TTY/console support) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 2.7 Software licensing in a virtualized environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 2.7.1 IBM i5/OS licensing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 2.7.2 Software licensing methods for UNIX operating systems . . . . . . . . . 55 2.7.3 Licensing factors in a virtualized system. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 2.7.4 License planning and license provisioning of IBM software . . . . . . . 59 2.7.5 Sub-capacity licensing for IBM software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 2.7.6 IBM software licensing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 2.7.7 Linux operating system licensing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 2.8 Virtual and Shared Ethernet introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 2.8.1 Virtual LAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 2.8.2 Inter-partition networking with virtual Ethernet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 2.8.3 Sharing physical Ethernet adapters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 2.8.4 Virtual and Shared Ethernet configuration example . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 2.8.5 Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89 2.9 Virtual SCSI introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89 2.9.1 Partition access to virtual SCSI devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90 2.9.2 General virtual SCSI considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 2.10 Partition Load Manager introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102 iv <strong>Advanced</strong> <strong>POWER</strong> <strong>Virtualization</strong> on IBM System p5
2.11 Integrated <strong>Virtualization</strong> Manager . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103 2.11.1 IVM setup guidelines. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104 2.11.2 Partition configuration with IVM. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106 2.12 Dynamic LPAR operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108 2.13 Linux virtual I/O concepts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108 2.13.1 Linux device drivers for IBM System p5 virtual devices . . . . . . . . 110 2.13.2 Linux as a VIO client . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110 2.13.3 Linux as a VIO server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113 2.13.4 Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115 2.13.5 Further reading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115 Chapter 3. Setting up the Virtual I/O Server: the basics . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117 3.1 Getting started. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118 3.1.1 Command line interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118 3.1.2 Hardware resources managed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122 3.1.3 Software packaging and support. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123 3.2 Creating a Virtual I/O Server partition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124 3.2.1 Defining the Virtual I/O Server partition. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124 3.3 Virtual I/O Server software installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 3.4 Basic Virtual I/O Server scenario . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146 3.4.1 Creating virtual SCSI server adapters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146 3.4.2 Creating a Shared Ethernet Adapter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149 3.4.3 Creating client partitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151 3.4.4 Defining virtual disks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163 3.4.5 Client partition AIX 5L installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169 3.4.6 Mirroring the Virtual I/O Server rootvg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174 3.5 Interaction with UNIX client partitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175 3.5.1 Virtual SCSI services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175 3.5.2 Virtual Ethernet resources. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179 Chapter 4. Setting up virtual I/O: advanced . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181 4.1 Providing higher serviceability. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182 4.1.1 Providing higher serviceability with multiple Virtual I/O Servers . . . 182 4.1.2 Using Link Aggregation or EtherChannel to external networks. . . . 187 4.1.3 High availability for communication with external networks . . . . . . 189 4.1.4 System management with Virtual I/O Server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199 4.1.5 Virtual Ethernet implementation in the <strong>POWER</strong> Hypervisor . . . . . . 202 4.1.6 Performance considerations for Virtual I/O Servers . . . . . . . . . . . . 203 4.1.7 Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206 4.2 Scenario 1: Logical Volume Mirroring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207 4.3 Scenario 2: SEA Failover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211 4.4 Scenario 3: MPIO in the client with SAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218 4.4.1 Setup on the HMC. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220 Contents v
Page 1: Front cover Advanced</stron
Page 4 and 5: Note: Before using this information
Page 8 and 9: 4.4.2 Configuration on the Virtual
Page 10 and 11: 6.6.4 Managing memory resources . .
Page 12 and 13: 3-9 Processing sharing mode and the
Page 14 and 15: 5-14 Status window . . . . . . . .
Page 16 and 17: xiv Advanced <stro
Page 18 and 19: xvi Advanced <stro
Page 20 and 21: any form without payment to IBM, fo
Page 22 and 23: The team that wrote this redbook Th
Page 24 and 25: xxii Advanced <str
Page 26 and 27: - Additional information about the
Page 28 and 29: management” on page 257 discusses
Page 30 and 31: 1.1.5 Virtual LAN 1.1.6 Virtual I/O
Page 32 and 33: The service processor provides the
Page 34 and 35: Adapter sparing Adapter sparing can
Page 36 and 37: 1.4.1 IBM AIX 5L for System p5 syst
Page 38 and 39: Note: i5/OS partitions are only sup
Page 40 and 41: Function / capability IBM System z9
Page 42 and 43: 1.6 The value of the Advanc
Page 44 and 45: 18 Advanced <stron
Page 46 and 47: 2.1 New features in Version 1.3 of
Page 48 and 49: ► throughput and performance. For
Page 50 and 51: ► IVM enhancements Industry leadi
Page 52 and 53: Shared Ethernet Adapter failover ca
Page 54 and 55: the partition. This allows you to c
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Figure 2-2 ASMI menu to enable the
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management interface for systems wi
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When setting up a partition, you ha
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partition with 0.50 processing unit
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processors and the other a single o
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Figure 2-5 shows the usage of the s
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2.4.5 Dynamic partitioning Partitio
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Number of virtual processors In gen
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The benefit of SMT is greatest wher
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Setting SMT mode using SMIT Use the
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The Hypervisor firmware and the hos
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Partition 2 is configured with one
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Note: The Virtual I/O Server suppor
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Most ISVs consider partitions with
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When a partition is running as unca
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► ► ► Selected IBM software p
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Shared pool = 4 CPU Sum EC = 3.0 PU
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For more information about the use
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Table 2-5 Licensing estimation for
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Maximum virtual processors used Cap
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2.8 Virtual and Shared Ethernet int
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► VLAN 2 - Node A-2 - Node B-3 -
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VLAN support in AIX 5L is based on
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2. Tagged port receives a packet ta
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page 78. EtherChannel and Link Aggr
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Note: In this type of configuration
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Figure 2-18 Shared Ethernet Adapter
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Other aspects that have to be taken
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► Only packets for the VLAN speci
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► Packets tagged with a VLAN othe
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► The value proposition enabling
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Figure 2-21 Virtual SCSI architectu
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Figure 2-23 and Figure 2-24 show th
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4. In the Virtual I/O Server, vios1
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The following are the steps to unco
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► ► A logical volume on the Vir
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I/O configuration, performance is a
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Hardware management is done by an H
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VMC allows IVM to provide basic log
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Virtual TTY In order to allow LPAR
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2.13.1 Linux device drivers for IBM
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Mirroring Linux can mirror disks by
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Figure 2-29 Bridging a virtual and
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116 Advanced <stro
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3.1 Getting started This section pr
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lspath mkpath mkvdev mkvt rmdev rmp
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3.1.2 Hardware resources managed Th
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3.2 Creating a Virtual I/O Server p
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3. Enter the partition name and ID
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5. You have the option to change th
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7. Select the Shared check box for
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9. Specify the processing sharing m
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11.Skip setting the I/O pools, as s
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2. Click the Create adapter button
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5. Add a virtual SCSI adapter to vi
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7. Select Normal for your boot mode
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A few seconds after the status wind
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3. Select the VIO_Server1 profile a
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You are now ready to use the newly
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3. Specify the Maximum virtual adap
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You can use the lsmap -all -net com
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2. Select the check box AIX or Linu
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2. Click Create client adapter. The
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4. Click Create server adapter and
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6. When the operation is complete,
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9. When you have completed adding v
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Server SCSI adapters have been adde
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Using logical partitions In our bas
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Note: Based on the lsdev -vpd comma
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It is useful to be able to map the
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Assuming that a NIM master is confi
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3. Set up the NIM master IP address
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3.4.6 Mirroring the Virtual I/O Ser
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Once the interaction between virtua
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Figure 3-45 shows the steps to crea
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Ethernet server adapter and a physi
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4.1 Providing higher serviceability
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Figure 4-1 MPIO and LV Mirroring wi
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Some advanced topics with respect t
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While EC is an Cisco-specific imple
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Alternatives for network high avail
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Figure 4-6 IP multipathing in the c
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SEA Failover works as follows: Two
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Although the alternative configurat
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► With NIB, the two internal netw
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In Figure 4-11 on page 201, a clien
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When Virtual I/O Server 2 returns t
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few cycles to set up, but none for
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4.1.7 Considerations The following
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. On step 10, allocate an unused Et
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7. Check the devices list on your V
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Figure 4-17 shows the intended solu
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. Click the Create Adapter button,
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Tip: Mismatching SEA and SEA Failov
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Checking which SEA is active Checki
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In this scenario, we attach each Vi
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2. Configure the SEA, as described
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5. Check for the vhost adapter usin
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8. Check again, using the lsdev com
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Check the mappings, as shown in Exa
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2. Check the MPIO configuration by
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To determine which path will use th
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7. On the first LPAR, create an enh
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A switch can be forced with the /us
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The configurations described in thi
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We recommend using mirroring, strip
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Supported multi-path configurations
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Supported scenarios using one Virtu
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Supported scenarios using multiple
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4.7.2 Supported Ethernet configurat
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In order to help clients improve th
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Clients can find the fixes and file
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Figure 4-35 shows the basic conside
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256 Advanced <stro
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5.1 Dynamic LPAR operations This se
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5. Figure 5-3 shows you the Virtual
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another partition. Use the lsslot -
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2. Select the adapter to be moved a
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5.1.3 Add memory dynamically in AIX
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5.1.4 Removing memory dynamically T
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The following command shows the eff
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2. Figure 5-17 shows the current pr
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et1 Defined 01-09 IEEE 802.3 Ethern
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1. Use the diagmenu command to unco
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5. Locate the blinking adapter, rep
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► Figure 5-19 shows you the topol
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Example 5-4 shows how to back up th
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Example 5-6 Creating a Virtual I/O
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5.2.5 Restoring the Virtual I/O Ser
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For an AIX 5L NIM server recovery,
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To view the System Plan, Select Sys
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In Example 5-11, we look to the map
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The last information we need is the
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In a mirrored environment, issue th
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Figure 5-23 shows that the virtual
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csm.diagnostics 1.5.0.0 # Cluster S
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os.txt.spell 5.3.0.10 # Writer's To
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hd3 jfs2 1 2 2 open/syncd /tmp hd1
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Adding a PCI hot plug adapter The t
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The following is a list of empty SC
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After the disk is replaced and brou
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2. Get a larger disk from the Virtu
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The updateios command does not comm
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Note: You can use dsh based on rsh,
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2 Checking if Redundancy with dual
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STATUS=`lspath -l $n | grep Failed
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Traditional performance measurement
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CPU statistics in shared-processors
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This is shown in Example 5-22 and E
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5.5.4 The topas command The topas c
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capped, and uncapped. The Mem and t
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Tip: The output of topas -cecdisp w
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These files can now be processed wi
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interval and count parameters. The
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The lparstat command POWER<
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Note: The variable capacity weight
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Column Measured parameter Comments
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The sysstat command The sysstat com
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write: wps avgserv minserv maxserv
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5.5.7 Monitoring with PLM The Parti
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Use the perfwb command to start the
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Using the r and p switches after st
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The nmon process runs in the backgr
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The POWER Hypervis
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5.7 Security considerations for Vir
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The firewall can be switched on and
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Enable mail client (dismaildmndls):
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Network option extendednetstats (ex
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Enable unsecure daemons (disrmtdmns
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Minimum number of chars (mindiffhls
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370 Advanced <stro
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6.1 Partition Load Manager introduc
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Notes: ► The PLM server may resid
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When PLM is notified that a partiti
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6.1.4 Memory management PLM manages
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However, the managed nodes know not
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sh and rcp During its installation,
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2. Create a toc file with the inuto
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. Append the PLM server public key
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You can set up the RMC using a scri
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Define a PLM policy as follows: 1.
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Table 6-2 CPU-related tunables CPU
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Memory tunables Table 6-4 shows the
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1. Start the Web-based System Manag
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4. Complete the information in the
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. Fill out the values for the tunab
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8. Specify the CPU resource policy
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Clicking the OK button will create
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. From the Web-based System Manager
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2. Click the Groups tab, and then t
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Figure 6-21 Edit Policy File partit
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The policy_file and log_file parame
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In its short form, the xlplm -Q com
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6.3 Point-in-time and recurring rec
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Select the type of operation you wi
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6.4 Tips and troubleshooting PLM Th
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Note: Exchanging keys is an importa
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The Identity entry is either based
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120200c10d3ad7a20951523b7c01bd31f42
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► ► PLM does not directly state
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6.6 Resource management Owners of I
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Characteristics of WLM, PLM, and sh
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Evaluating CPU utilization Traditio
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Shared-processor partitions support
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438 Advanced <stro
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FDX FLOP FRU FTP GDPS GID GPFS GUI
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442 Advanced <stro
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Other publications These publicatio
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► ► ► ► Virtual I/O Server
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cfgdev command 163, 203, 264 cfgmgr
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excess weight, PLM 376 extendlv com
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Micro-Partitioning 3, 32-33 49 capp
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processor dispatch 43, 50 processor
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VIO 59 virtual processor 61 mainten
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target 90, 92 virtual SCSI Server a
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Back cover Advanced</strong
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