Third Day Poster Session, 17 June 2010 - NanoTR-VI

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Poster Session, Thursday, June 17
Theme F686 - N1123
Culture and Fatty Acid Composition of the Green Alga, Botryococcus braunii Kütz. as an Energy Fuel
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UGamze TuranUP P*, Edis KoruP P, Safak Seyhaneyildiz-CanP P, Hatice TekogulP P, Tugba SonmezisikP P, Semra CirikP
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PEge University, Fisheries Faculty, Aquaculture Department, 35100 Bornova, Izmir, Turkey
Abstract-The result of this work demonstrated that B. braunii is a potential algal fuel resource with high lipid content (56.31 ± 0.03, % dry
weight) and its biomass production and lipid synthesis stimulated by culture conditions.
Due to continued use of fossil fuels is not sustainable as they
are a finite resource and their combustion lead to
environmental problems, the recent investigations started to
focus on more renewable energy resources.
As an alternative energy resource Biodiesel is an
environmentally friendly and renewable fuel source obtained
from vegetable oils and used in diesel motors. Since some of
terrestrial plants, such as soybean, canola, corn, coconut and
palm tree oils used in food purposes and they require huge
areas to grow, in recent years studies on microalgae as
renewable fuel resources gained more attention due to their
surprising ability to grow in unused areas.
Microalgal lipid production is very important for the aquatic
ecosystem. Algae can synthesize methabolites such as fatty
acids, sterols, carotenoids and lipids that have similar
composition found also in the terrestrial plants. The lipids
produced by algae and stored as unsaturated fatty acids are the
main energy resources of the aquatic invertebrate and fish
species. Additionally, these lipids are considered as potential
diesel fuel resources [1]. Colonial green alga Botryococcus
braunii Kütz., (Chlorophyceae) is distributed in fresh and
brackish water lakes and reservoirs and produces lipids at
high levels. For this reason, in many studies related with lipid
analysis B. braunii was used as experimental algal species [1,
2]. In generally, the lipids are stored at the cell wall of B.
braunii [3, 4, 5].
In this study, biomass and lipid production of Botryococcus
braunii Kütz UTEX 572 cultured under different conditions
were investigated. During the study, B. braunii was cultivated
at three different temperature, five different sodium nitrate and
two different salinity levels. Effects of temperature level,
nitrate and salinity concentrations on the biomass and lipid
production were tested during the experiments.
B. braunii was cultivated at 10 °C, 20 °C, 30 °C. Five
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different Bristol mediums includes 0 g.LP 0.125 g. LP 0.25
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g.L P
P, 0.5 g. L P
P, ve 1 g.LP nitrate were used as
nutrient mediums. Two different salinity levels ( %R0R and
also applied in 1, 3, and 5 cm in depth glass-panel
photobioreactor experiments. Cell number, optic density and
dry weight of the algae were measured daily. At the end of the
experiment, algae were collected, dried and prepared for lipid
extraction, total lipid determination and fatty acid composition
studies.
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The highest biomass production (0.564 0.2 g.LP
P) was found
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in the experimental group cultivated in 0.5 g.LP
nitrate Bristol medium, at 20 °C. The highest lipid production
(56.31 ± 0.03, % dry weight) found in the algal group where
the nutrient medium does not contain sodium nitrate and 20
0
PC was applied. The most productive group according to both
high biomass and lipid production was B. braunii was grown
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in 0.125 g. LP nitrate medium at 20 °C. The biomass
was found to be higher in 1 cm glass-panel photobioreactor
where the salinity was %R0R the lipid production was higher
in 3 and 5 cm glass panel photobioreactor. The fatty acid
composition of B. braunii was including; behenic (% 0.41),
eicosenoic (% 1.01), linoleic (% 9.92), linolenic (% 9.50),
margaric (% 0.28), methyl cis 11, 14, 17 eicosatrienoic (%
0.23), oleic (% 59.04), palmitic (% 16.62), pentadecanoic (%
0.18) and stearic (% 2.50) acids.
The present work was supported by TUBITAK under Grant
number 107Y013
*Corresponding author: HTgamze.turan@ege.edu.trT
[1] Lee, S.L., Yoon, B.D., Oh, H.M., 1998. Rapid method for the
determination of lipid from the green alga Botryococcus braunii.
Biotechnology Techniques, Vol. 12, pp. 553–556.
[2] Yamaguchi, K., Nakano, H., Murakami, M., Konosu, S.,
Nakayamo, O., Kanda, M., Nakamura, A. and Iwamoto, H., 1987.
Lipid Composition of a Green Alga Botryococcus braunii.
Agriculture and Biological Chemistry. 51, 493-498.
[3] Largeau, C., Casadevall, E., Berkaloff, C., and Dhamelincourt, P.,
1980. Sites of accumulation and composition of hydrocarbons in
Botryococcus braunii. Phytochemistry 19, 1043–1051.in the Darwin
River Resevoir. Biotechnology and Bioengineering. 22, 1637-1656.
[4] Metzger, P., Largeau, C., and Casadevall, E., 1991. Lipids and
macromolecular lipids of the hydrocarbon-rich microalga
Botryococcus braunii. Chemical structure and biosynthesis. In: Herz,
W., Kirby, G.W., Steglich, W., Tann, C. (Eds.), Progress in the
Chemistry of Organic Natural Products 57.Springer, Vienna, pp. 1–
70.
[5] Metzger, P., and Largeau, C., 1999. Chemical of Botryococcus
braunii. In: Cohen, Z. (Ed.), Chemicals from Microalgae. Taylor &
Francis Ltd., London, pp. 205–260.
6th Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Conference, zmir, 2010 753