Third Day Poster Session, 17 June 2010 - NanoTR-VI

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Poster Session, Thursday, June 17
Theme F686 - N1123
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Dendrimers and Their Applications in Textile Finishing
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URza AtavUP
Pand Arzu YavaP
PNamk Kemal University, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Textile Engineering, Corlu Tekirdag 59860, Turkey
2
PPamukkale University, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Textile Engineering, Knkl Denizli,20070, Turkey
Abstract-Dendrimers are nanoparticles that can be precisely designed and manufactured for a wide variety of applications. Due to their unique
physical and chemical properties, dendrimers have wide ranges of potential applications in textile finishing. This paper reveals a review on the
properties and the use of dendrimers in textile finishing processes.
Polymer chemistry and technology have traditionally
focused on linear polymers, which are widely in use [1], but
over the last 20 years it has created a number of non-linear
variations which are commonly denoted as “macromolecular
architectures”. One of the new architectures is “dendrimer”
[2]. Dendrimers are nanoparticles that are designed and
manufactured for a wide variety of applications [3].
The name “dendrimer” is originated from ancient Greek
words “” and “”, which mean “tree” and “part”,
respectively [4]. They were first discovered in the early 1980’s
by Tomalia et al. [5]. From this year on a number of the
patents related to the dendrimers have been increased and it
reached to 1022 by 2005 [6]. Dendrimers are produced in an
iterative sequence of reaction steps [7]. Core molecule is
referred to as “generation 0 (GR0R)”. Each successive repeat unit
along all branches forms the next generation [8].
Figure 1. Dendritic structure [9]
Dendrimers are generally prepared by using either a
divergent method or a convergent method [5];
- Divergent method: The dendrimer is built up from a central
polyfunctional core. In a repeated reaction cycle the building
blocks are added layer by layer.
- Convergent method: First complete wedges are prepared,
which are subsequently coupled to a central core [2].
Due to their unique physical and chemical properties,
dendrimers have wide ranges of potential applications in
textile finishing. Literature related to the use of dendrimers in
textile finishing can be divided into three groups:
I) Improvement of Fiber Dyeability: Burkinshaw et al.
(2000) and Feng et al. (2007) iTnvestigated the salt-free
dyeability of cotton fabrics with reactive dyes via pretreating
cotton with amino-terminated hyperbranched polymers T[10-
11]. Hou-cai et al. (2005) improved the dyeability of cotton
fabrics with direct dyes by pretreating cotton with dendrimers
[12]. De-suo et al. (2008), treated silk fibers with
hyperbranched polymers and investigated the fiber dyeability
with Lanasol dyes [13]. Atav and Yurdakul (2010), determined
that dendrimer applied mohair and angora fibers could be dyed
with reactive dyes at lower temperatures (90°C), without
causing any decrease in color yield [14]. Burkinshaw et al.
(2002) improved the dyeability of polypropylene fiber with
disperse dye via incorporating the hyperbranched polymer into
polypropylene prior to fiber [15].
II) Providing Water, Oil and Soil Repellent Properties on
Fibers: Water repellent finishing on fabrics is conventionally
imparted by incorporation of low surface energy compounds,
while recent approaches are based on the use of nanoparticles
such as dendrimers to enhance water repellency [16].
Figure 2. Orientation of dendrimer product on textile surface [17]
III) Providing Antimicrobial Property on Fibers: It is
believed that dendrimers with amine functional groups could
be converted into effective antimicrobial agents. Ghosh et al.
modified the poly(amidoamine) G-3 dendrimer and applied it
to the Cotton/Nylon blend fabric. An antimicrobial test of the
treated-fabric against Staphylococcus aureus exhibited
significant biocidal activities [5].
*Corresponding author: ratav@nku.edu.tr
[1] Klajnert, B., Bryszewska, M., 2001, Acta Biochimica Polonica,
Dendrimers:Properties and Applications, Vol.48, No.1, (pp. 199-208)
[2] Froehling, P.E., 2001, Dendrimers and Dyes, Dyes and pigments,
Vol. 48, No. 3, (pp. 187-195)
[3]HTwww.robbiehymancopywriting.com/RHC_writing.../white_papers
_DNT.pdfTTH
[4] Teobaldi, G., Zerbetto, F., 2003, Molecular Dynamics and
Implications for the Photophysics of a Dendrimer-Dye Guest-Host
Systems, J. Am. Chem. Soc., Vol. 125, No. 4, (pp. 7388-7393)
[5] Ghosh, S., Yadav, S., Vasanthan, N., Sekosan, G., 2010, A study
of Antimicrobial Property of Textile Fabric Treated with Modified
Dendrimers, Journal of Applied Polymer Science, Vol. 115, No. 2,
(pp. 716–722)
[6] Twww.foley.com/files/tbl_s31Publications/.../dendrimers_rutt.pdf
[7] HThttp://cientifica.eu/files/Whitepapers/dendrimers_WP.pdf T
[8] HThttp://www.essortment.com/all/whatisdendrime_rsnz.htm T
[9] HThttp://www.scribd.com/doc/23984864/DENDRIMERSTH
[10] Burkinshaw, S.M., Mignanelli, M., Froehling, P.E., Bide, M.J.,
2000, The Use of Dendrimers to Modify the Dyeing Behaviour of
Reactive Dyes on Cotton, Dyes and Pigments, Vol. 47, No. 3, (pp.
259-267)
[11] Feng, Z., Yu-yue1, C., De-suo1, Z., Yan-rong, H., 2007, Effects
of HBP-NH_2 modification on salt-free reactive dyeing of cotton
fabric, Dyeing & Finishing, Vol. 22
[12] Hou-cai, X., Yun-jun, L., Guo-ping, L., Hui-min, T., 2005, Use
of Low Generation Polyamidamine Dendrimers in Cotton Dyeing,
Textile Auxiliaries, Vol. 7
[13] De-suo, Z., Hong, L., Feng, Z., Yu-yue1, C., Wen-quan, L.,
2008, Effects of HBP-HTC Modification on the Silk Fabric Dyed
with Lanasol Dyes, Silk, Vol. 11
[14] Atav, R., Yurdakul, A., 2010, The Use of Dendrimers to Obtain
Low Temperature Dyeability on Mohair and Angora Fibers, Industria
Textila Magazine, Vol. 4 (Article in Press)
[15] Burkinshaw, S.M., Froehling, P.E., Mignanellia, M., 2002, HTThe
Effect of Hyperbranched Polymers on the Dyeing of Polypropylene
FibresTTH, TDyes and Pigments, Vol. 53, No. 3, (pp. 229–235)
[16]HThttp://www.dti.unimi.it/~rizzi/gruppodelcolore/Atti5confGdC/Ro
sace%20et%20al.pdfT
[17] HThttp://www.rudolf.de/innovations/hydrophobic-future/bionicfinish/first-product.htmT
6th Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Conference, zmir, 2010 779