Third Day Poster Session, 17 June 2010 - NanoTR-VI

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Poster Session, Thursday, June 17
Theme F686 - N1123
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Biomimetic and Its Applications in Textile Field
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URıza AtavUP P*, Osman NamırtıP
PNamık Kemal University, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Textile Engineering, Corlu/Tekirdag 59860, Turkey
Abstract- Biomimetics, is the art of taking natural adaptive strategies used by plants or animals and translating them into HengineeringH designs.
Understanding of the functions provided by objects and processes found in nature can guide us to imitate and produce nanomaterials,
nanodevices and processes. This article focuses on the biomimetic applications in textile field.
Biomimetics is the art of taking natural adaptive strategies
used by plants or animals and translating them into
HengineeringH designs that can be used to implement products or
tools [1]. The subject of copying, imitating, and learning from
biology was coined Bionics by Jack Steele and Otto H.
Schmitt coined the term Biomimetics in 1969 [2]. Nature is the
largest laboratory that ever existed [3]. Understanding of the
functions provided by objects and processes found in nature
can guide us to imitate and produce nanomaterials,
nanodevices and processes [4]. In recent years, some
businesses are learning how to design products for energy
efficiency from the original designer herself: Mother Nature.
[5]. Biology offers a great model of imitation, copying and
learning, and also as inspiration for new technologies [6].
Benefits from the study of biomimetics can be seen in many
applications, including stronger fiber, multifunctional
materials, superior robots, and many others [2].
The lotus plant (a white water lily) grows in the dirty, muddy
bottom of lakes and ponds, yet despite this, its leaves are
always clean [7]. In 1982 botanist Wilhelm Barthlott
discovered in the lotus leaf a naturally self-cleaning, waterrepellent
surface. Barthlott patented his discovery, calling it
the “Lotus Effect” [8].
Material made by imitating wood’s design is 50 times more
durable than other synthetic materials in use today. Wood is
currently imitated in materials being developed for protection
against high-velocity particles, such as shrapnel from bombs or
bullets [7].
Most of the materials in nature consist of composites [7]. The
structures of biocomposites are highly controlled from the
nanometer to the macroscopic levels, resulting in complex
architectures that provide multifunctional properties [14]. The
fiberglass technology has existed in living things since the day
of their creation. A crocodile’s skin, for example, has much the
same structure as fiberglass [7].
Many insects, such as butterflies, use structural coloration
due to the presence of scales [4]. Morpho butterflies remain a
vibrant blue throughout their lives, without ever needing a
coat of paint to spruce up a dull finish. The scales on their
wings are made of many layers of proteins that refract light in
different ways, and the color we see often is due entirely to the
play of light and structure rather than the presence of
pigments. It has inspired a new biomimetic fabric that refracts
light like the butterfly’s wings [15]. Teijin Fibers Limited of
Japan produces Morphotex® fibers. No dyes or pigments are
used. Rather, color is created based on the varying thickness
and structure of the fibers [16].
*Corresponding author: HTratav@nku.edu.trT
Figure 1. (a) Lotus plant and rain droplets sitting on its leaf [9] (b)
lotus effect [10]
Because the resistive drag opposing the motion of swimmers’
bodies is of great importance, many swimmers choose newlyde-signed
swimsuits that are made out of a fabric which was
designed to mimic the properties of a shark’s skin [7]. An
electron micrograph reveals shark skin’s secret to speed:
tooth-like scales called dermal denticles [8].
The spider generates the silk fiber that is continuous and
insoluble in water [4], furthermore according to scientists
spider thread is one of the strongest materials known [7].
Figure 2. The spider web [11] and the stress/strain curve of spider
silk [12]
The chameleon is well known for its capability to change
their body color [13]. Technology, USA, is aimed at making
clothes, bags and shoes able to change colors the same way as
the chameleon does. The cost of a color-changing man’s jacket
is around $10,000 [7].
[1] HThttp://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-biomimetics.htmT
[2] Bar-Cohen, Y., 2005, Proceedings of the SPIE Smart Structures
Conference, San Diego, Vol. 5759-02
[3]HThttp://trs-new.jpl.nasa.gov/dspace/bitstream/2014/38536/1/05-
3755.pdfT
[4] Bhushan, B., 2009, Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A, Vol. 367, pp. 1445–1486
[5] HThttp://www.bnet.com/2403-13501_23-236571.html T
[6] Bar-Cohen, Y., 2006, Biomimetics: Biologically Inspired
Technologies, CRC Press (TISBN 10:T 0-8493-3163-3)
[7] Yahya, H., 2006, Biomimetics: Technology imitates Nature, Global
publishing
[8]HT http://ngm.nationalgeographic.com/2008/04/biomimetics/clarkphotography
[9TH]HThttp://www.bilkent.edu.tr/erz_web/nanoteknoloji_2008_erzurum.pdf
T
[10] Ozdogan, E., Demir, A., Seventekin N., 2006, Tekstil ve
Konfeksiyon Dergisi, Vol. 3, pp. 159-163
[11] HThttp://hawtaction.com/2008/05/08/spider%20silk.jpgTH
[12] HThttp://www.wallstreetreportonline.com/KBLB/images/spider1.jpgTH
[13] http://trs-new.jpl.nasa.gov/dspace/bitstream/2014/39359/1/05-
3012.pdf
[14] Sarikaya, M., 1999, TProceedings of the National Academy of
Sciences, TTVTTol. 96, NTTo. 25, pp. TT14183-14185
[15]HThttp://io9.com/5241512/an-iridescent-butterfly-gives-rise-tonaturally-bright-fabrics-of-the-futureTH
[16]http://www.asknature.org/product/4c0e62f66bcccabf55a1f189da30a
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