The Matrix System at Work - Independent Evaluation Group - World ...
The Matrix System at Work - Independent Evaluation Group - World ...
The Matrix System at Work - Independent Evaluation Group - World ...
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ENDNOTES<br />
Chapter 5<br />
57 According to the Oxford English Dictionary, l<strong>at</strong>eral thinking is “a way of thinking which<br />
seeks the solution to intractable problems through unorthodox methods, or elements which<br />
would normally be ignored by logical thinking.” Edward de Bono invented this concept to<br />
mean thinking beyond the range of existing perceptions, concepts, and boundaries. See <strong>The</strong><br />
Use of L<strong>at</strong>eral Thinking. London: Jon<strong>at</strong>han Cape, 1967. Also see New Think: <strong>The</strong> Use of L<strong>at</strong>eral<br />
Thinking in the Gener<strong>at</strong>ion of New Ideas. New York: Basic Books, 1969.<br />
58 See findings from country director and sector manager interviews in Appendix E.<br />
59 See findings from sector manager interviews in Appendix E.<br />
60 <strong>The</strong> program is summarized in a document issued by the Reform Secretari<strong>at</strong>, “10 Point<br />
Program towards Enhanced Sector Practices.” April 26, 2011.<br />
61 See “QAG Assessment of Sector Boards” (2004).<br />
62 <strong>The</strong> new structure of Global Technical Practices being piloted by FPD intends to change<br />
this p<strong>at</strong>tern by making the directors accountable for several of these functions.<br />
63 Oakerson, Ronald J. 1989. “Governance Structures for Enhancing Accountability and<br />
Responsiveness,” in James L. Perry, ed., Handbook of Public Administr<strong>at</strong>ion. San Francisco:<br />
Jossey-Bass.<br />
64 <strong>The</strong> span of control is defined as the number of people who can be effectively managed by<br />
one manager.<br />
65 This number excludes OPCS units.<br />
66 In the Africa Region, SDN has appointed sector leaders as de facto deputies to help<br />
manage their larger sector units. But this role is still not part of the Bank’s formal<br />
managerial structure.<br />
67 <strong>The</strong> first vice president of SDN said in her welcoming speech to ESSD staff, she did not<br />
know why social development too should be in SDN but she went along with the<br />
recommend<strong>at</strong>ion of the acting vice president of ESSD. It was only subsequent to the form<strong>at</strong>ion<br />
of SDN th<strong>at</strong> social sustainability emerged as a business line under the social development<br />
Sector Board.<br />
68 <strong>The</strong> former Department for Transport and Urban Development was elimin<strong>at</strong>ed. <strong>The</strong><br />
Transport sector moved to the Infrastructure Department (TWI); Urban Development joined<br />
the Finance and Economics Department (FEU).<br />
69 <strong>The</strong> eight Sector Boards do not include clim<strong>at</strong>e change or disaster management, which<br />
have large teams financed by two of the largest Bank-executed trust funds.<br />
70 OPCS is included under network VPUs as they house the two Sector Boards for financial<br />
management and procurement. Although some OPCS functions fall outside the m<strong>at</strong>rix, the<br />
bulk of their staff, especially in the Regions are part of the m<strong>at</strong>rix. An additional 481 staff<br />
were in DEC and WBI, which have important roles in the Bank’s knowledge services but are<br />
considered outside the m<strong>at</strong>rix.<br />
244