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ANNEXURE Text of the Copper Plate said to have been issued to the Marakkayars j see page 49-51) qllb lubahri (23) pihi aPirQ (6) ~ P * (4) P 4.M frxbaknn (36) prrislunri QurinQ (3) w'ho (7) ur@e d&)@ni (43) lyrl6lutd OurirQ (34) wauo (12) L- arhBaknri (14) pidlund (5) *mu (2) r n q/5d ~ (18) Ouh (I) p+whh (3) (1) @&ah e@ wl; ti@. ps"Dy&fi@b pndviul~wd QanQ6ai Cai@b Qmh~u,unb B$B& ~yunmuriadt laslpl C~aby cnd~rir mnlb wdby cub~sdsmmuyunb, 5ndo6ui~ul Qan@i@Wgicg s n ~ ~ ~ ~ (rrirlpl u ep@ n w wbsw, urb&uns u$gphs @uia@icg wbsmnnui, nrirlpl pu@, rib &+b w&Gul~u& QanQLa ~ b~nu~nfl gphwnaruni s@ppy. &!i# q& w r m s w , gp*rmnmi@ wiswmurir (WOO) Qnrir@ ~i!q wruC+ (a) Qvrrir- (25) hri& &&.#I rsl e~mw4 gg QnC nmwb mb C ~ 94 L &&,- a@& wiul~nu - a(armamm ~ b~nuch, =+vham&g ssw Cum om&tla@~rir. Qagu/@dL ~ hmrnb a&mmwb
&@ cqhnwm~ch nw&m g m ~ 6 m @ mCw@ @ gl&4 anpgmndw Qgv dn ong M* pnurufi @hL p&BID i ~ w O.nQ&Dylh N &rqPPirsmw, ueafldiann, dmn* u&lo~ui. Q~awviui, airkd. ~l.hi&r. &&$a ~eb&C. @rnuk&@ri @&6 amsad& Cdir ep&b aim@.
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MARITIME ACTIVITIES ECONOMY AND SOC
Page 3 and 4:
During my field work. I interviewed
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J RAJA MOHAMAD CURATOR GOVERNMENT M
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Key to Abbrevlmtlonm ARE ARP BOR FS
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Chapter - I INTRODUCTION A study of
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However the Muslims were no match t
Page 14 and 15:
Secondary Sources Castes and Tribes
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Chapter two outlines the geographic
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at Tranquebar. Their trading activi
Page 20 and 21:
At the beginning of nineteenth cent
Page 22 and 23:
There were Muslim weavers in large
Page 24 and 25:
The Tamil speaking Muslims of Corom
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and they have been pooled together
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Chapter I1 THE COROMANDEL COAST The
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community of the present day Tamil
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Most of the Coromandel ports were l
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trading communltles and their settl
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acquired the knowledge about the oc
Page 39 and 40:
Kenneth Hall. op. dt. p - 167. A.R.
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polygais reorganised the admlnistra
Page 43 and 44:
In 1736 the rulers of Tamil country
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SethupathkofRamaMthapaoam. Lwas~fra
Page 47 and 48:
Chapter IV THE MUSLIMS OF COROMANDE
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M~~llnlppattu, Ncd~~nnlvndnl,Prr~~m
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wife but also a pbce for board and
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Yonakar street or Yon street even t
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to be the merchant guild of the Mus
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which is considered to be a subcast
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Muslims of Tamil Nadu as Lovai. It
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inscription and said the term marak
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No doubt this is to enhance their e
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The Portuguese used this plural hon
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CHOUAS The Wrds of the Dutch, Engli
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W. Roboltson Smlth, Mp and manisge
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80. Qusdir Hussain Khan, op.clt., p
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Chapter - V EUROPEANS ON THE COROMA
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to be friendly with Portuguese. Rul
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the Muslims had established firmly
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assistance of the Dutch. In return
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In 1537 the three captains of the Z
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V. I1 . THE DUTCH The Hollanders -
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An impressive fort was built at Nag
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Ekojl the Maratha general was insta
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However the Dutch web caught hold o
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ejected a similar offer made to Col
Page 93 and 94:
The Dutch took the Coromandel texti
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The Portuguese never extended such
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to the English and Pondichery to Fr
Page 99 and 100:
The french settlements were a heave
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A record of Fort St. George of 28 J
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The settlement of Madras ( Fort. St
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The Myrore wars of subsequent times
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Under the English administration th
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for local representatives. Most of
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and confident merchants as share ho
Page 113 and 114:
Choudy alleges that the English Eas
Page 115 and 116:
C Sivarathnam, Tamils m Ceylon , (
Page 117 and 118:
S Arasaratnam. Conlpan~eb and Comme
Page 119 and 120:
130. B.Krishnamoorthy op cit ; Ch~e
Page 121 and 122:
191, ibid 192 lbld p 192. 193. S. A
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in the m t h centuxy A.D.. the Atab
Page 125 and 126:
The religious ties and associations
Page 127 and 128:
found it extremely difficult to com
Page 129 and 130:
His ships sailed to Pulicat, PortoN
Page 131 and 132:
The English records from 1686 menti
Page 133 and 134:
MARITIME TRADE At the beginning of
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Similarly the Cholia Muslim were we
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Some of the Muslim traders were so
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When the amount due to the merchant
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S i Moharned, and lbmhim ~agudha~'.
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The decline of opportunities in shi
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Even in the kt decatk of the nbwtem
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Malabar and Bengal ports. This fami
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He had business connection in Singa
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At Kulasekarapuram , Hassankhan Sir
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and there were no Marakkayar trader
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Thus it will be seen tha there was
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Korkai of Sangam period gave way to
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The Dutch took over the pearl fishe
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was fished in the coastal belt of T
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At KikWcarai a certain wnMbution of
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A considerable population of Muslim
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withstand the strong mansoon winds
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weather, sea and its bottom topogra
Page 171 and 172:
On thei anival at Commandel the Dut
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in defence and tradeZz5. This is an
Page 175 and 176:
and others they could not get inter
Page 177:
There was lack of creativity and in
Page 180 and 181:
References Pratandha Thjrnttu, Dr.
Page 182 and 183:
Chief of PortoNovo to the chief of
Page 184 and 185:
Somerset Playne, op.cit. p.4686; Pa
Page 186 and 187:
TNA Judicial Consultation, Vol 242
Page 188 and 189:
TNA Madurai District Record, Vo1.47
Page 190 and 191:
Sarada Raju. op. cit pp.200 - 201.
Page 192 and 193:
The Arabic word lslam cannotes subm
Page 194 and 195:
the Shariath by Ulamas and Alims le
Page 196 and 197:
equal status. Ranking as in caste s
Page 198 and 199: Tho elaborate rituals and ceremonie
Page 200 and 201: On arrival at the bride's residence
Page 202 and 203: at present. In many families among
Page 204 and 205: and hw described about each and eve
Page 206 and 207: tho idontlty of the Muvllms and to
Page 208 and 209: Puberty ceremony is generally celeb
Page 210 and 211: Lunch and dinner is mostly rice Non
Page 212 and 213: where we find references to the orn
Page 214 and 215: The purdha system is widely in prac
Page 216 and 217: The girls were married at a very ea
Page 218 and 219: The Muslims attach much importance
Page 220 and 221: and also to the poor in Mecca and ~
Page 222 and 223: The Mira) or Mihura) night is consi
Page 224 and 225: The worship that takes place in the
Page 226: Such festivals were celebrated with
Page 229 and 230: (Though this is a good study to int
Page 231 and 232: Dargah worship is much familiar amo
Page 233 and 234: indigenous languages can understand
Page 235 and 236: Kinship term Marakkayar Labbai Rowt
Page 237 and 238: Muslims have enriched the voccabula
Page 239 and 240: Edward William Lane, Arabian Societ
Page 241 and 242: Particular collected in Interviews
Page 243 and 244: Chapter Vlll CONCLUSION The Period
Page 245 and 246: The Coromandel Muslims did not atta
Page 247: think that the Coromandel Muslim so
Page 251 and 252: Imam Maulavl Mauzln Mdadun Nabi Nar
Page 253 and 254: BIBLIOGRAPHY Intensive field studie
Page 255 and 256: Kambaramayanarn Kandar Alankaram Ka
Page 257 and 258: Report of Customs Committee, Madras
Page 259 and 260: Magbul Ahamed. S.. lndo Arab Relati
Page 261 and 262: WUkr. Col.. Historical sketches of
Page 263 and 264: Sarlri . B.S., " P o w in South Irl
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