Photonic crystals in biology

Poster Session, Tuesday, June 15
Theme A1 - B702
Conception of nanorobot’s deve lopment bas e on polyme r complexes with s mall molecules
Bayana Yermukhambetova 1 *, Ibragim Suleimenov 2 , Grigoriy Mun 1 , Galiya Irmukhametova 1 , Laura Boranbayeva
3
and Nazym Zhunusbekova
1 KAZNU - Chemical faculty of Kazakh National University, Karasai Batyra 95, 050012 Almaty, Kazakhstan
2 AIPET – Almaty Institute of Power Engineering and Telecommunications, Baitursynova 126, Almaty 050013, Kazakhstan
3 ICS - Institute of Chemical Science, Ualikhanova 106, 050010 Almaty, Kazakstan
Abstract-The approach for creation of structures with atomic accuracy which is using nanorobots synthesized on base of polymeric complexes
with smaller molecules has been suggested.
1
Creation of structures with atomic precision is one of the
most important tasks of nanotechnology. The different
approaches are offered for solving this problem. Their review
is given in [1].
In present work it is shown that there are some conditions
when polymeric complexes with s mall molecules can be
considered as simplest type of nanorobots. Such structures
allow achieving desired disposition of specified molecules
(atoms, ions) on the surface (or, that is the same, to record
information with accuracy close to the atomic level).
We could consider the complex formed by diphilic polymer
which is sensitive to external influences and to some smaller
mo lecule for its transport. Changing of state of diphilic
macro molecule allows releasing smaller mo lecule at the
addressing. For example, changing of hydrophilichydrophobic
balance, which is reasoned by external stimulus,
resulted in destruction of complex and thereby providing
address delivery of smaller molecule (atom or ion).
Such type of complexes can be provided by additional
charges with the help of covalent bonds (copolymer with
dissociating functional groups may be used); they can be made
magnetoactive, etc. This provides controlled movement of
nanorobots, particularly, to support the scan similar to
television for recording of information into the structures
formed on the surface.
Possible scheme of information recording in nanosized
systems with help of nanorobots is shown in Figure 1.
Nanorobot is the complex formed by diphilic stimuli-sensitive
polymer and ion of metal, which is able to form coordination
bonds with functional groups of surface.
During the reaction between complex-nanorobot and surface
the ion of metal can find oneself in random “cell”, in principle
(Figure 1a). However application of electric field, on
condition that nanorobot has electrostatic charge, allow
removing nanorobot in some fixed position (otherwise
extremely right or extremely left position). Further the rate of
its migration along the surface at external electric field is
regulated value. (Probably the migration can proceed by
mechanism similar to hole conductivity of semiconductors).
Therefore appearing of nanorobot in certain module can be
provided by setting of the removing time of nanorobot within
the range of network surface (Figure 1b). Moreover, in case of
application of scan similar to TV one the nanorobot can be
moved in two coordinates.
On the last stage the separation of nanorobot body from ion
of metals takes place (Figure 1c). This permits to record
information and/or to form certain structure.
The theory of complexes formed by macromolecules and
ions with the same charges having controlled stability due to
this reason has been developed as the first step for realization
of proposed conception.
The example of such complexes is the product of reaction
between ions of metal, for example cuprum, with triple
copolymer containing hydrophobic units, cationic polymer
units and units providing formation of coordination bonds.
a
c
b
Figure 1. The scheme of information recording in nanosized systems
with help of nanorobots.
Electrostatic charge of cationic groups is regulated value, for
example due to reaction of protonation of amine groups.
Therefore by changing of protonation degree the controlled
destruction of complex can be achieved.
However developed theory shows that complex stability
management can be also realized due to changing of
macromolecule coil size even when charge density of
polymeric chain is fixed. Particularly, contraction of coil leads
to increasing of electrostatic forces of repulsion between ion
and similarly charged units of macromolecules that result in
destruction of complex. Controlling of coil size is provided by
introduction of hydrophobic groups in polymer composition.
Such types of effects are well studied during last few decades
[2].
The theory also predicts that the number of metal ions,
which are sorbet by separate coil, can be regulated by using of
the same method. Particularly, some conditions exist when
reactions between single ion and macromolecule containing
same-sign electrostatic charge take place.
*Corresponding author: 1TBaya_2010@mail.ru
[1] E.E. Ergozhin, A.B.Zezin, I.E.Suleimenov and G.A. Mun,
Hydrophilic polymers in nanotechnology and nanoelectronics (in
Russian). Almaty-Moscow: 2008, 216 p.
[2] G.A.Munet al., Macromol. Chem. Phys., 208, 979 (2007)
6th Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Conference, zmir, 2010 235