Kerala State Drug Formulary.pdf

Antiinfective Drugs
88
and antidepressants potentiates the sedative effects.
On concurrent use the effect of theophylline is
occasionally enhanced.
ANTIRETROVIRAL DRUGS
Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor
Zidovudine
I: Used as part of combination antiretroviral therapy for
patients with HIV infection and a count less than 500
CD4+ T cells/ml Monotherapy is restricted to the
prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV.
C/I: Abnormally low neutrophil counts or haemoglobin value.
P/C: Patients starting therapy should be monitored for
hematological toxicity at least every other week for
the first month and then monthly;Chronic hepatic or
renal dysfunction.
A/E: Anemia,GI disturbances,Fatigue, malaise, nausea,
headache, bone marrow suppression, proximal
myopathy, cardiomyopathy, bluish discolouration of
nails,taste disturbance
P/A: Capsules 100 mg, 300mg
Dose : 300 mg three times a day, to be taken with plenty of
water.
D/I: Increased risk of toxicity with other nephrotoxic and
myelosuppressive drugs. Extreme lethargy is reported
with IV acyclovir. Profound myelosuppression with
ganciclovir.
Abacavir
I: HIV infection in combination with other antiretroviral
drugs.
C/I: Pregnancy; breast-feeding.
P/C: Chronic hepatitis B or C ( greater risk of hepatic sideeffects);
hepatic impairment; renal impairment.
A/E: GI disturbances, anorexia, pancreatitis, liver damage,
lactic acidosis;dyspnoea, headache, insomnia, fatigue;
blood disorders including anaemia, neutropenia and
thrombocytopenia; myalgia, arthralgia, rash,urticaria,
fever, lipodystrophy, hypersensitivity reactions.
P/A: Tablet, 300 mg.