Kerala State Drug Formulary.pdf

SECTION 14
DIURETICS
THIAZIDE DIURETICS
Hydrochlorothiazide
I: Congestive cardiac failure, nephrotic syndrome, ascites,
systemic hypertension.
C/I: Hypvolemia, hyponatremia, moderate and severe renal
impairment, Addison’s disease.
P/C: Hypokalemia, pregnancy, diabetes, gout,
hyperlipidemia, hepatic and renal impairment,
potentiates the effects of other antihypertensive drugs.
A/E: Postural hypotension, rash, impotence, fatigue, cramps,
diarrhoea, nausea. On prolonged use dyslipidemia,
hyperuricemia, hyperglycemia and hypokalemia can
occur.
P/A: Tablets 25 mg, 50 mg
Dose: 25 - 100 mg daily.
D/I: Increase in serum lithium. NSAID’s reduce the diuretic
effect. Digoxin toxicity occurs if hypokalernia is present
Cost: 12.5mg (10). Rs 6/- to Rs 10/-
25mg (10) Rs 11/- to Rs16.80
Indapamide & Xipamide (Refer Section 10)
LOOP DIURETICS
Frusemide (furosemide)
This is the most common loop diuretic currently in use.
I: Oedematous states, oliguria due to renal failure, acute
pulmonary oedema, incipient acute renal failure
C/I: Severe sodium and water depletion, allergy to
sulfonamide, Addison’s disease.
P/C: Pregnancy, severe hepatic dysfunction, hypovolemia,
hypokalemia, diabetes, gout, lower urinary tract
obstruction.
A/E: Hypokalemia, hyponatremia, hypomagnesemia,
postural hypotension, hyperuricemia, hyper glycemia,
hypertriglyceredemia, tinnitus, cramps, rash.
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