Kerala State Drug Formulary.pdf

Drugs for Tuberculosis
headache, ataxia, visual disturbances and menstrual
irregularities.
P/A: Capsules 150, 300, 450, 600 mg Tablet 450, 600 mg Syrup
100 mg/ 5 mL
Dose: 10 mg/ kg — oral single dose. 450 mg for adults, 600mg
for patients more than 60 kg weight. The drug should
be given on an empty stomach and fluids and food
should be taken only after 1 h.
D/I : It reduces the effectiveness of oral contraceptives,
corticosteriods,phenytoin, oral antidiabetics, oral
anticoagulants and disopyramide by inducing hepatic
metabolism. It reduce Vitamin D blood levels. Severe
hepatitis when used along with isoniazid. Food will
delay the absorption. Fixed drug combination are used
to increase compliance.
Pyrazinamide (PZA)
Bactericidal to M.tuberculosis - sterilizing especially to intracellular
organism
I: Treatment of tuberculosis. The only one drug acting
in the acidic pH. Intracellular organisms are killed.
Bactericidal and sterilizing action - effective in the
initial intensive phase. M.bovis is resistant to PZA.
C/I: Hypersensitivity, pregnancy, existing liver disease and
gout.
P/C: Patients with diabetes should be carefully monitored
since blood sugar levels may become labile. Gout may
be exacerbated.
A/E: Arthralgia, loss of appetite, malaise, nausea, and liver
damage.
P/A: Tablet 500 mg, 750 mg, 1000 mg and 1500 mg.
Dose: 20- 35 mg/kg oral. One or two divided doses.
D/I: Alters the action of oral antihypoglycemic agents and
disturbs blood glucose levels. It decreases the serum
INH concentration.
Ethambutol
It acts by possibly inhibiting RNA synthesis and also by affecting
metabolism of cell wall.
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