Kerala State Drug Formulary.pdf

Antiinfective Drugs
P/C: IV injection must be given slowly and stopped if
coughing or substernal pain develops,IM is painful.
A/E: Nausea vomiting, metallic taste in the mouth, pain,
stiffness of injected muscle, sterile abscess, ECG
abnormalities, elevation of hepatic transaminases.
P/ A: Injection 100 mg/ml in 30 ml (vial)
Dose: 20 mg/ kg daily IM (buttocks) or IV injection for 20 - 30
days or more.
D/I: Concurrent use with nephrotoxic drugs increases
nephrotoxicity.
Pentamidine
I: Active against L donovani, pneumocystis carinii, kala
azar- salvage therapy of antimony failure cases,
pneumocystis pneumonia in AIDS patients and
trypanosomiasis.
C/I: Impaired renal function.
P/C: Reduce dose in renal failure, risk of hypotension,
monitor kidney/liver function, blood glucose, blood
count and ECG.
A/E: Toxicity is due to histamine release. hypotension,
palpitation, fainting, vomiting, rigor and fever after
IV Injection, kidney and liver damage, cardiac
arrhythmias, hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia,
pancreatitis, neutropenia, unpleasant metalic taste,
nausea, headache, anxiety.
P/A: Pentamidine Injection 200mg and 300 mg vials,Dry
powder.
Dose: 4 mg / kg deep IM or slow IV infusion over 1 hour on
alternate days for 5-15 weeks till no parasites are
demonstrated in 2 splenic aspirates taken 2 weeks
apart.
D/I: Abnormal haematological effect with bone marrow
depressants,increased risk of pancreatitis with
didanosine.Increased risk of torsades de pointes with
erythromycin reversible hypocalcemia,
hypomagnesemia and nephrotoxicity with Foscarnet
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