Kerala State Drug Formulary.pdf

Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs
Obstetric analgesia : 50-100 mg, as soon as pain starts,
repeated at 1-3 hourly intervals, upto a maximum of
400 mg/day.
Pentazocine
I: Relief of moderate to severe pain, in postoperative
period in bony metastatsis in cancer patients etc.
C/I: In the post myocardial infarction period as it increases
cardiac work load, in acute alcoholism, head injuries
and conditions in which increased intra cranial pressure
occurs
P/C: Use with caution in bronchial asthma, chronic lung
diseases, where respiratory reserve is decreased
because of its respiratory depressant effects, avoid in
antihypertensives and cardiac disorders, in patients
with heart failure as it causes rise in B.P. and causes
tachycardia, dose adjustments in liver and kidney
failure, use with caution after biliary surgery, since
opioids increase biliary tract pressure by constriction
of sphincter of oddi, chronic users not to drive or
operate machinery.
A/E: Drowsiness, light headedness or euphoria, nausea,
vomiting.
P/A: Tablet 25mg, Injection 30mg/mL
Dose: Adults: 30-60 mg every 4-6 hours.
Tramadol
I: Moderate to severe pain
C/I: Avoid in acute respiratory depression, acute alcoholism
and conditions where there is risk of paralytic ileus,
pheochromacytoma and addisson’s disease. This is not
indicated for acute abdominal pain. This has to be
avoided in raised intracranial tension or in head injury.
P/C: Hypotension, hypothyroidism, asthma, decreased
respiratory reserve, prostatic hypertrophy, pregnancy
and breast feeding, hepatic impairment, renal
impairment and opioid dependence. Severe withdrawal
symptoms occur if withdrawn abruptly.
A/E: Adverse effects less than morphine.
P/A: Tablets and cap 50 mg. inj. 50 mg/mL.
Dose: Oral: 50-100 mg every 4 hr;Parenteral dosage IM or by
IV infusion, 50-100 mg every 4-6 hr.Post operative
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