Kerala State Drug Formulary.pdf

SECTION 27
DRUGS USED IN RESPIRATORY DISEASES
UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS
Common cold (Rhinitis)
Viral aetiology. Usually self limiting. Symptomatic treatment alone is
required. Topical or systemic nasal decongestants and antihistaminics are
used.
Topical Nasal Decongestants & Xylometazoline (Refer Section 16)
Azelastine hydrochloride
I: Allergic rhinitis.
C/I: Hypersensitivity, lactation.
P/C: Pregnancy, not to use longer than 6 months once
after opening the bottle. Should not share the spray
with others. Tip of the bottle should be dipped in
boiled water, dried and capped appropriately after
every use.
A/E: Nasal mucosal irritation, nasal bleeding.
P/A: Nasal spray 10 mL
Dose : Adults and children over 5 years 0.14 mL metered
dose. One spray into each nostril bid.
Cost : Nasal spray (10 mL) Rs. 120.00
Sodium chloride
I: Nasal congestion.
P/ A: Solution (0.9 %): 500 mL, 1000 mL
Dose : Sodium chloride (0.9%) given as nasal drop.
Cost : Solution (500 mL) Rs. 10.00
Sympathomimetics
Phenylephrine
I : Nasal congestion, sinusitis, common cold
C/I : Avoid excessive and prolonged use. Caution in infants
under 3 months, patients with cardiac diseases,
hypertension, hyperthyroidism and glaucoma.
P/C : Hyperthyroidism, cardiac diseases
A/E: Sneezing, mild burning sensation. After excessive use,
tolerance with diminished effect - rebound
congestion.
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