Kerala State Drug Formulary.pdf

Paediatric drugs
VITAMINS
( Majority of vitamins are available as combination of multivitamin
syrup and injection)
1. Vitamin A (Retinol)
Capsule: 50 000 IU; 100 000 IU; 200 000 IU
Oral oily solution: 100 000 IU /mL in multi dose dispenser.
Tablet (sugar-coated): 10 000 IU, 50,000IU.
Water-miscible injection: 100 000 IU in 2-mL ampoule 1microgram=3IU
Uses: prevention and treatment of vitamin A deficiency; prevention
of complications of measles
Daily requirements : 1200-1800 IU day
Prevention of vitamin A deficiency (by mouth): infant under 6 months,-
50 000 units, infant 6–12- months 100 000 units, Child 1-5years: 200 000 units
every 6 months;
An additional dose should be given the next day in hospitalized
children with measles infection.For treatment of xerophthalmia, the same
dose to be repeated on the next day, and then after 2-4 weeks.
Adverse effects: high intake may cause birth defects; pseudotumour
cerebri, enlarged liver, raised erythrocyte sedimentation rate, raised serum
calcium and raised serum alkaline phosphatase concentrations
2. B complex vitamins
i. Thiamine (Vitamin B 1
)
Tablet: 50 mg, 75mg tab.
Inj Thiamine 50mg/mL, 2mL ampoules
Uses: prevention and treatment of vitamin B1 deficiency,
Neurometabolic disease like maple syrup urine disease and thiamine
responsive megaloblastic anemia.
Daily requirements: 0.5-1.5mg/day
Dose 10–25 mg daily for treatment.
Adverse effects: Anaphylaxis (parenteral use)
ii. Riboflavin (Vitamin B2)
Tablet: 10 mg.
Uses: vitamin B2 deficiency
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