natural-products-in-plant-pest-management

244 M. Santos et al.Table 12.1. Different composted material suppressive to soilborne disease.Compostedmaterial Pathogens ReferencesTree bark Phytophthora cinnamomi Hoitink et al., 1977; Sivasithamparam, 1981;Spencer and Benson, 1981, 1982;Blaker and MacDonald, 1983;Hardy and Sivasithamparam, 1991Phytophthora citricola Spencer and Benson, 1981;Hardy and Sivasithamparam, 1991Phytophthora drechleri Hardy and Sivasithamparam, 1991Phytophthora nicotianae Hardy and Sivasithamparam, 1991Pythium ultimum Daft et al., 1979; Chen et al., 1987;Chen et al., 1988 a,bRhizoctonia solani Daft et al., 1979; Stephens et al., 1981;Nelson and Hoitink,1983Fusarium oxysporum Chef et al., 1983; Cebolla and Pera, 1983;Trillas-Gay et al., 1986Nematodes Malek and Gartner, 1975;Mc Sorley and Gallaher, 1995Pine bark Phytophthora spp. Sivasithamparam, 1981;Spencer and Benson, 1981, 1982Pythium spp. Gugino et al., 1973; Zhang et al., 1996Fusarium oxysporum Chef et al., 1983; Pera and Calvet, 1989Grape marc Pythium aphanidermatum Mandelbaum et al., 1988Rhizoctonia solani Gorodecki and Hadar, 1990Sclerotium rolfsii Gorodecki and Hadar, 1990;Hadar and Gorodecki, 1991Olive marc Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Pera and Calvet, 1989dianthiMunicipal Pythium spp. Lumsden et al., 1983sewage sludgeMunicipal solid Rhizoctonia spp. Mathot, 1987residuesCattle manure Pythium aphanidermatum Mandelbaun et al., 1988Phytophthora nicotianae Szczech et al., 1993Rhizoctonia solani Gorodecki and Hadar, 1990Sclerotium rolfsii Gorodecki and Hadar, 1990Fusarium oxysporum Garibaldi, 1988;Szczech et al., 1993Beer industry Pythium graminicola Craft and Nelson, 1996sludgeLiquorice roots Pythium aphanidermatum Hadar and Mandelbaun, 1986plants to root and foliar disease (Han et al., 2000). This systemic resistancewas found in compost by Zhang et al. (1996).Most of the composts are naturally suppressive against root rot diseasecaused by Phytophthora and Pythium (Santos et al., 2008), nearly 20% are naturallysuppressive against damping off caused by Rhizoctonia (Hoitink and