natural-products-in-plant-pest-management

Index 289natural plant extractspotential to use as plant growthregulators/naturalherbicides 44–45use to control pathogens 44natural plant productsaims of research 47biodegradable and eco-friendly 82contribution of biochemicals 44final application to food products37inhibitory action on fungal cells 26use in agriculture 46–47natural product chemistry 264natural product diversity, expansionof 273–276attempts to restore taxol-producingability to an endophyticfungus 274combinatorial biosynthesis 274E. coli, engineering new metabolicpathway in 275fragments of DNA can be clones276metagenomics 275nonribosomal enzymaticpolymerization of aminoacids 275polyketides, formation of 274–275mutagenesis 274site-directed mutagenesis 273natural product research 60natural product synthesis 263–276natural productsavailability 195–196cultivation within agro-forestryprogrammes 195growth throughout the year195inter-cropping and mixcropping195use as weed control infarmlands 195biofumigation with Brassica211–215importance in third-world countries193and phytochemicals fromendophytes 224–234plant tissue and cell culture in269–273and ailments 269biosynthesis manipulation 270combinatorial biosynthesis 271,273cyclotides (small cyclicpeptides) 272development of hairy roottechnology 272–273immobilized cells 271indole alkaloids 271–272organogensis 270, 271plant tissues culture andcomaclonal variations270–271podophyllotoxin 273regeneration throughmicropropagation 270shikonin 271tissue culture 269use as fungicides and bactericidesin agriculture 206–210factors in formulating plantbasedproducts aspesticides 106plant protection from microbialattack 206summary of natural productsused as agrochemicals206, 207–210use of 47–48see also botanicals; natural plantproductsnatural substances in fungi, bacteria andplants, pesticidal properties 215neem (Azadirachta indica) 6–8, 15, 25,47and integrated pest management7–8biopesticides for pest control 6insect growth regulators (IGRs) 7leaf extracts 26limonoids 142organic farming 7–8potential alternative to chemicalbasedpesticides 6seed extracts 141–142use of leaves 193use of neem cake 194nematodes 11New Zealand 74nicotine 4, 5