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Weir et al.Fig. 27. Colletotrichum kahawae subsp. ciggaro. A. ICMP 12953. B. ICMP 18534. C. ICMP 17922 (ex CBS 237.49 – ex-holotype culture of Glomerella cingulata var. migrans).D. ICMP 17932 (ex CBS 112984). E. ICMP 18539 – ex-holotype culture of C. kahawae subsp. ciggaro. F. ICMP 12952 – single ascospore cultures from single conidial isolate.Cultures on PDA, 10 d growth from single conidia, from above and below.et al. (2005), and as Undescribed Group 1 by Silva et al. (2012b).Single ascospore isolates derived from perithecia forming insingle conidial cultures of the avocado-associated isolates of C.kahawae subsp. ciggaro from New Zealand showed two highlydivergent growth forms (Fig. 27F). One typical of the “wild type”(cottony, grey to dark grey aerial mycelium with dark-based acervuli160
The Colletotrichum gloeosporioides species complexFig. 28. Colletotrichum musae. A. ICMP 12930. B. ICMP 18600. C. ICMP 17817 (ex IMI 52264). Cultures on PDA, 10 d growth from single conidia, from above and below.and orange conidial masses visible through the mycelium, inreverse with pinkish-orange pigmentation, in places this masked byirregular patches or sectors of dark grey pigmentation), the othermore or less lacking aerial mycelium, the surface of the colonycovered with small, pale-based acervuli with bright orange conidialooze, in reverse bright orange from the conidial ooze. Althoughcommon from single ascospores, the bright, conidial cultural typeis rarely formed by isolates from nature (unpubl. data). Similardimorphic cultural types have been observed also from singleascospore isolates from a member of the C. boninense complex,C. constrictum (unpubl. data, P.R. Johnston).Other specimens examined: Brazil, on leaves of Miconia sp., coll. R. BarretoRWB1054, 2009 (ICMP 18728). Germany, Berlin-Dahlem, on stem of Hypericumperforatum, Jun. 1937 (ex-holotype culture of Glomerella cingulata var. migrans– CBS 237.49 = ICMP 17922). New Zealand, Auckland, Waitakere Ranges, onleaves of Kunzea ericoides, coll. S. Joshee 5Kun3.10 (ICMP 18741); Auckland,Waitakere Ranges, on leaves of K. ericoides, coll. S. Joshee 7Kun5.2 (ICMP 18534);Auckland, Waitakere Ranges, on leaves of Toronia toru, coll. G. Carroll TOROTO3(ICMP 18544); Te Puke, on Persea americana fruit rot, coll. W.F.T. Hartill, 19 Jan.1989 (ICMP 18531); Te Puke, on P. americana fruit rot, coll. W.F.T. Hartill, 8 Feb.1988 (ICMP 12952); Te Puke, on P. americana fruit rot, coll. W.F.T. Hartill, 28 Sep.1991 (ICMP 12953). South Africa, Madeira, on Dryandra sp., coll. J.E. Taylor, 1Apr. 2001 (CBS 112984, as C. crassipes = ICMP 17932). Switzerland, on Dryasoctopetala, coll. P. Cannon (IMI 359911 = CBS 12988 = ICMP 17931). USA, onVaccinium macrocarpum leaves, coll. C.L. Shear, Apr. 1922 (authentic culture ofG. rufomaculans var. vaccinii – CBS 124.22 = ICMP 19122).Colletotrichum manihotis Henn., Hedwigia 43: 94. 1904.Notes: Anthracnose is an important disease of cassava (e.g.Chevaugeon 1956, Makambila 1994, Fokunang et al. 2000,Owolade et al. 2008), variously referred to Colletotrichum manihotis,Gloeosporium manihotis Henn., Glomerella manihotis (Sacc.)Petr., Glomerella cingulata “f. sp. manihotis”, or C. gloeosporioides“f. sp. manihotis”. The original descriptions of both C. manihotisand Gloeosporium manihotis are of species with short, broadconidia (8–15 × 4–6 µm), and Chevaugeon (1956) regarded all ofthese cassava-associated fungi as con-specific. However, basedon Fokunang et al. (2000), a morphologically highly diverse set ofColletotrichum isolates are associated with diseased plants. Thereare three GenBank accessions of Colletotrichum from cassava,all from China, and although only ITS sequences are available forthese isolates, they appear to represent a single, distinct specieswithin the C. gloeosporioides complex. How these Chinese isolatesrelate to cassava-associated isolates from other parts of the worldis not known.* Colletotrichum musae (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Arx, Verh.Kon. Ned. Akad. Wetensch., Afd. Natuurk., Sect. 2 51(3):107. 1957. Fig. 28.Basionym: Myxosporium musae Berk. & M.A. Curtis, Grevillea 3:13. 1874.Su et al. (2011) provide a description.Geographic distribution and host range: Found in association withfruit lesions of Musa spp. in many regions.Genetic identification: ITS sequences separate C. musae from allother species.Notes: Colletotrichum musae was originally described from NorthCarolina (Berkeley 1874), and the name was recently epitypifiedby Su et al. (2011) on the basis of a specimen collected in Floridawww.studiesinmycology.org161
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Studies in Mycology 73 (September 2
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Colletotrichum: complex species or
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Damm et al.Table 1. Strains of Coll
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The Colletotrichum boninense specie
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available online at www.studiesinmy
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The Colletotrichum acutatum species
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Damm et al.Fig. 25. Colletotrichum
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Damm et al.to olivaceous grey, filt
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Cannon et al.Hawksworth DL (2011).
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Cannon et al.Rodríguez-Guerra R, R
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CBS Biodiversity SeriesNo. 11:Taxon
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Studies in Mycology (ISSN 0166-0616
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