Colletotrichum: complex species or species ... - CBS - KNAW

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Damm et al.Fig. 8. Colletotrichum constrictum (from ex-holotype strain CBS 128504). A–B. Conidiomata. C. Tip of seta. D. Basis of seta. E–F. Conidiophores. G. Tip of seta. H. Basis of seta.I–J. Conidiophores. K–P. Appressoria. Q–R. Conidia. S–T. Ascomata. U. Outer surface of peridium. V. Peridium in cross section. W. Ascospores. X–AA. Asci. AB–AC. Apicalregions of asci. AD. Paraphyses. A, C–F, Q, S, Z–AC. from Anthriscus stem. B, G–P, R, T–Y, AD. from SNA. A–B, S–T. DM, C–R, U–AD. DIC, Scale bars: A = 200 µm, B, S =100 µm, E, U = 10 µm. Scale bar of E applies to C–R. Scale bar of S applies to S–T. Scale bar of U applies to U–AD.18
The Colletotrichum boninense species complexColletotrichum cymbidiicola Damm, P.F. Cannon, Crous,P.R. Johnst. & B. Weir, sp. nov. MycoBank MB560740. Fig.9.Etymology: Named after the host plant, Cymbidium.Teleomorph on SNA. Ascomata perithecia, formed after 4 wk,solitary, semi-immersed or immersed in the agar medium, nonstromatic,subspherical to ovoid, ostiolate, glabrous, medium brown,130–160 × 170–220 µm. Peridium 10–12 µm thick, composed ofpale to medium brown flattened angular cells 3.5–15 µm diam.Ascogenous hyphae hyaline, smooth-walled, delicate, rarelyvisible. Interascal tissue not observed. Asci unitunicate, 8-spored,cylindrical, tapering to apex and base, smooth-walled, 40–48 ×9.5–11 µm, the base truncate, apex 3.5–4 µm wide. Ascosporesbiseriately arranged, aseptate, hyaline, smooth-walled, fusiform,slightly curved, base rounded, apex acute or rounded, (12.5–)15–18(–21) × 5–6 (–6.5) µm, mean ± SD = 16.5 ± 1.6 × 5.6 ± 0.4 µm,L/W ratio = 3.0.Teleomorph on Anthriscus stem. Ascomata perithecia, formedafter 4 wk, superficial, non-stromatic, ovoid to obpyriform, ostiolate,glabrous, medium brown, 200–300 × 200–400 µm. Interascaltissue formed of paraphyses, hyaline, smooth-walled, cylindrical,disintegrating quickly, septate, branched, to 70 µm long, 3–5.5 µmwide. Asci unitunicate, 8-spored, cylindrical, tapering to apex andbase, smooth-walled, 55–77 × 11.5–13.5 µm, the base truncate.Ascospores biseriately arranged, aseptate, hyaline, smoothwalled,cylindrical to fusiform, slightly curved, usually one endbroadly rounded, the other end (which is widest and more curved)often ± acute, giving the ascospores a footprint-like appearence,(15–)17.5–25(–31) × 5–6(–7) µm, mean ± SD = 21.2 ± 3.9 × 5.5 ±0.6 µm, L/W ratio = 3.9.Anamorph on SNA. Vegetative hyphae 1.5–7.5 µm diam,hyaline, smooth-walled, septate, branched. Chlamydospores notobserved. Conidiomata absent, conidiophores and setae formeddirectly from medium brown, verruculose hyphae or formed on acushion of medium brown angular cells, 3–6.5 µm diam. Setaemedium brown, verruculose, 1–4-septate, 50–150 µm long, basecylindrical to conical, 5–7 µm diam, tip ± acute to rounded, often alsowith a constriction. Conidiophores hyaline, smooth-walled, septate,branched, to 50 µm long. Conidiogenous cells hyaline, smoothwalled,cylindrical, often extending to form new conidiogenous loci,7.5–17 × 3–5.5 µm, opening 1–2 µm diam, collarette ≤ 0.5 µmdiam, periclinal thickening conspicuous. Conidia hyaline, smoothwalled,aseptate, cylindrical, the apex and base rounded, with aprominent scar, contents granular, (12.5–)14–15.5(–16.5) × 5.5–6µm, mean ± SD = 14.6 ± 0.8 × 5.8 ± 0.2 µm, L/W ratio = 2.5.Appressoria medium to dark brown, outline very variable, themargin lobate, single or in loose groups, (6.5–)8–14.5(–18.5) ×(3.5–)4.5–8(–11.5) µm, mean ± SD = 11.2 ± 3.2 × 6.3 ± 1.9 µm,L/W ratio = 1.8.Anamorph on Anthriscus stem. Conidiomata acervular,conidiophores and setae formed on a cushion of pale brownangular cells, 3–8 µm diam. Setae medium brown, verruculoseto verrucose, 1–4-septate, 75–180 µm long, base cylindricalto strongly inflated, 4–10 µm diam, tip ± rounded to ± acute.Conidiophores hyaline to pale brown, smooth-walled, septate,branched. Conidiogenous cells hyaline, smooth-walled, cylindricalto ampulliform, sometimes extending to form new conidiogenousloci, 8–13 × 5.5–7 µm, opening 1.5–2 µm diam, collarette ≤ 0.5µm diam, periclinal thickening conspicuous. Conidia hyaline,smooth-walled, aseptate, cylindrical, the apex and base rounded,with a prominent scar, contents guttulate, (11.5–)13.5–15.5(–16.5)× (5–)5.5–6(–6.5) µm, mean ± SD = 14.6 ± 0.9 × 5.7 ± 0.3 µm,L/W ratio = 2.6.Culture characteristics: Colonies on SNA flat with entire margin,hyaline to honey, partly covered with floccose-felty white aerialmycelium, Anthriscus stem and filter paper partly covered withgrey to black conidiomata partly oozing salmon to orange conidia;reverse hyaline to honey, filter paper with grey to black spots dueto conidiomata shining through, 25–26.5 mm in 7 d (37.5–40 mmin 10 d). Colonies on OA flat with entire margin, buff to straw,sectors covert either with granular white aerial mycelium or blackconidiomata, oozing salmon to orange conidia; reverse buff, straw,honey, isabelline, olivaceous grey to iron-grey, 25–27.5 mm in 7 d(40 mm in 10 d). Conidia in mass salmon to orange.Material examined: Australia, Western Australia, Perth, Fremantle, from leaf lesionof Cymbidium sp., 27 Mar. 1991, P.M. Wood, (CBS H-20703 holotype, culture extypeIMI 347923). New Zealand, AK, Mangere, from leaf spot of Cymbidium sp.,22 Mar. 1990, P. Broadhurst, CBS H-20704, culture CBS 128543 = ICMP 18584.Japan, Ibaraki Pref., from Cymbidium sp., 1989, T. Sato, culture CBS 123757 =MAFF 306100.Notes: Colletotrichum cymbidiicola occupies one of several cladesof the C. boninense aggregate associated with orchids, and is asister group to C. oncidii, another clade of orchid pathogens. Fromthe limited number of samples available, both species appear hostspecificat plant genus level. A curious feature of C. cymbidiicolais the size and shape of the ascospores and conidia which bothdiffer considerably when grown on Anthriscus stem, compared withthose derived from cultures on SNA. Colletotrichum oncidii did notproduce a telemorph under our culture growth conditions; its conidiaare also longer in relation to their width when grown on Anthriscusstem compared to SNA cultures, but the difference is not asprominent. Colletotrichum cymbidiicola differs from C. boninense inthe shape of the appressoria that are usually lobate with irregularshapes in C. cymbidiicola, while those of C. boninense are typicallybullet-shaped to navicular with entire edge or crenate.Colletotrichum dacrycarpi Damm, P.F. Cannon, Crous,P.R. Johnst. & B. Weir, sp. nov. MycoBank MB560741. Fig.10.Etymology: Named after the host plant, Dacrycarpus.Teleomorph not observed.On SNA. Vegetative hyphae 1–6 µm diam, hyaline, smooth-walled,septate, branched. Chlamydospores not observed. Conidiomataglobose to flask-shaped, apparently opening by rupture, wall cellsmedium brown, angular; conidiophores formed from a cushion ofmedium brown, angular cells 3–7.5 µm diam. Setae not observed.Conidiophores hyaline, smooth-walled, septate, branched, to 60µm long. Conidiogenous cells hyaline, smooth-walled, cylindrical toampulliform, sometimes extending to form new conidiogenous loci,sometimes annelides observed, 11–28 × 2.5–4.5 µm, the opening2–3 µm diam, collarette ≤ 0.5 µm, periclinal thickening distinct.Conidia hyaline, smooth-walled, aseptate, straight, cylindrical,the apex and base rounded, guttulate, (17–)18.5–21.5(–22.5) ×(5–)5.5–6(–6.5) µm, mean ± SD = 19.9 ± 1.7 × 5.7 ± 0.3 µm, L/Wratio = 3.5. Appressoria not observed after 3 wk.www.studiesinmycology.org19
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The Colletotrichum acutatum species
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Damm et al.Table 3. Appressoria mea
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Damm et al.Fig. 25. Colletotrichum
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Damm et al.to olivaceous grey, filt
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Damm et al.are formed directly from
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Damm et al.Arx JA von (1957). Die A
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Damm et al.Masaba DM, Waller JM (19
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114
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Weir et al.grass-inhabiting species
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Weir et al.Table 1. A list of strai
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Weir et al.Table 1. (Continued).Spe
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Weir et al.Table 2. Primers used in
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Weir et al.11ICMP 17789 Malus USA1I
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Weir et al.Kahawae cladeC. alataeC.
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Weir et al.A0.991ICMP 17905 Coffea
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Weir et al.Conidial width variation
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Weir et al.G. c.“f.sp. camelliae
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Weir et al.Fig. 10. Colletotrichum
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Weir et al.Fig. 18. Glomerella cing
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Weir et al.Specimen examined: Thail
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Weir et al.Notes: First described f
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Weir et al.gossypii var. cephalospo
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Weir et al.Crous PW, Gams W, Stalpe
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Weir et al.Simmonds JH (1968). Type
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Cannon et al.182
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Cannon et al.In rare instances, Col
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Cannon et al.Table 1. Summary of pr
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Cannon et al.Table 1. (Continued).P
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Cannon et al.Table 2. Colletotrichu
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Cannon et al.as did those for Colle
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Cannon et al.110.74 C. cuscutae IMI
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Cannon et al.C. lindemuthianum AB08
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Cannon et al.Hawksworth DL (2011).
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Cannon et al.Rodríguez-Guerra R, R
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Studies in MycologyStudies in Mycol
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CBS Biodiversity SeriesNo. 11:Taxon
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Studies in Mycology (ISSN 0166-0616
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